6/16/2021NFV MANO:Virtualized Infrastructure ManagerNfVOrchestratorResponsiblefortheOSS/BSS(NFVO)lifecyclemanagementofthecompute,storageandnetworkresourcesfromthe NFVI.VNFManagerIt isbasicallyaCloudE/NMS(VNFM)ManagementSystem-whichexposesanAPlforVNFstandardCRUDoperationsonthoseresourcesVirtualisedOpenStackisthedefactoInfrastructureNFVIManagerstandard implementation(VIM)Simplifiedforthis function block@Tarik TALEB202131NFVInfrastructure(NFVI)InfrastructureComputedomainHypervisorNetworkDomain@Functionalelements:DomainProcessorsandacceleratorsnetwork interfacesand storageNFVInfrastrusture (NFVI)VirtualHypervisordomainVirtualVirtualNetworkStorageComputeMainfocusonstudyinghypervisortechnologiesforVirtualization LayersupportingmultitenantdeploymentsComputeStorageNetworkInfrastructureNetworkdomainFunctionalelements:virtualCompute·networks,networkresourcesDomainSwitches,Routers@TarikTALEB20213216
6/16/2021 16 NFV MANO: Virtualized Infrastructure Manager © Tarik TALEB 2021 ▐ Responsible for the lifecycle management of the compute, storage and network resources from the NFVI. ▐ It is basically a Cloud Management System which exposes an API for standard CRUD operations on those resources. ▐ OpenStack is the de facto standard implementation for this function block NFV Infrastructure (NFVI) © Tarik TALEB 2021 ▐ Compute domain ⚫ Functional elements: Processors and accelerators, network interfaces and storage ▐ Hypervisor domain ⚫ Main focus on studying hypervisor technologies for supporting multitenant deployments ▐ Infrastructure Network domain ⚫ Functional elements: virtual networks, network resources Switches, Routers NFV Infrastructure (NFVI) Virtual Compute Virtual Storage Virtual Network Virtualization Layer Compute Storage Network Hypervisor Domain Infrastructure Network Domain Compute Domain 31 32
6/16/2021NFV ComponentsE2ENetworkServiceEndPointEndPointNetworkService. Logical linksVNFVNFVNFForwardingLogical AbstractionsGraphVNFVNFVNF(e.g.,ServiceChain)VNFInstancesVNFVNFVNFVNFSWInstancesNFV Infrastructure (NFVI)VirtualVirtualVirtualVirtual ResourcesStorageNetworkComputeVirtualizationSWVirtualization LayerComputeStorageNetworkHWResourcesTarik TALEB202133MobileNetworkVirtualization3417
6/16/2021 17 NFV Components © Tarik TALEB 2021 VNF VNF VNF VNF VNF VNF VNF VNF VNF End Point End Point VNF Instances NFV Infrastructure (NFVI) Virtual Compute Virtual Storage Virtual Network Virtualization Layer Compute Storage Network Network Service E2E Network Service Logical Abstractions SW Instances Virtual Resources Virtualization SW HW Resources VNF Forwarding Graph (e.g., Service Chain) Logical links Mobile Network Virtualization 33 34
6/16/2021Virtualising the mobile network - how far?VPLMNHPLMNRANUTRANCONTROLSGSNISSGERPLANEreaoo3GPPAccessPCRFMME512Gx51-MME511510SGiServingPDNUEacketData NetworkLE-UTRANGatewaGateway(e-g. IMS, PSS etc.)51-ULTE-UUeecDATAPLANETarik TALEB202135What to Virtualize:Full vs Partial VirtualizationGGSNorGGSNorPGW/SGWPGW/SGWControl Plane (GTP-C,onnsessionmanagement,etclandUmobility,etc.)ControlPhysical L2/3ProtocolswitchUserPlane+S.EER.!...Signaling.-(GTP-U)DatDataHowtoDifferentOptionsvirtualize?Entity-independent@TarikTALEB20213618
6/16/2021 18 PCRF Gx Rx Gxc 3GPP Access Virtualising the mobile network - how far? SGi S1-MME Packet Data Network (e.g. IMS, PSS etc.) S10 UE LTE-Uu S11 Serving S5 Gateway PDN Gateway S1-U S12 S3 SGSN S4 UTRAN GERAN MME S6a HSS VPLMN HPLMN E-UTRAN Control Plane Data Plane DATA PLANE CONTROL PLANE RAN © Tarik TALEB 2021 What to Virtualize: Full vs Partial Virtualization User Plane (GTP-U) Control Plane (GTP-C, session management, mobility, etc.) Signaling Data GGSN or PGW/SGW Control Protocol Control Plane (GTP-C, session management, mobility, etc.) and User Plane (GTP-U) Signaling Data GGSN or PGW/SGW Full Virtualization Partial Virtualization Physical L2/3 switch How to virtualize? Different Options Entity-independent © Tarik TALEB 2021 35 36
6/16/2021How to Virtualize?PoolFE+SorkeLoadDBFrontEn1:NMapping-2tiers/1:NMapping-3tiers1:NMapping-PoolofResourcesPGV5NENFNFNFMVMVMLEPCN:1 Mapping Partial MergingN:1Mapping-CompleteMerging1:1Mapping@Tarik TALEB202137How to Virtualize?FE(FrontEnd):loadBalancer/SchedulerserviceW (Worker): implements the logic of thatspecificNF,stateless(b)1:NMappingSDB (StateDatabase):containslivePool DiscoverysessionstateDNS"PoolofresourcesSDB508seenasoneentityfromWexternal entityCMMIgnalingPDNCaOCnn@TarikTALEB20213819
6/16/2021 19 NF VM NF NF NF MME SGW PGW HSS «small EPC» Physical switch DB HSS N:1 Mapping – Partial Merging NF VM NF NF NF MME SGW PGW HSS «small EPC» N:1 Mapping – Complete Merging 1:N Mapping – 2 tiers 1:N Mapping – 3 tiers 1:1 Mapping Pool #n Load Balancer VM VM VM NF FE+ SL DB VM VM DB VM VM DB Worker FrontEnd 1:N Mapping – Pool of Resources © Tarik TALEB 2021 How to Virtualize? How to Virtualize? © Tarik TALEB 2021 ◼ FE (Front End): load Balancer/Scheduler service ◼ W (Worker): implements the logic of that specific NF, stateless ◼ SDB (State Database): contains live session state “Pool of resources” seen as one entity from external entity 37 38
6/16/2021Micro Service ConceptnalDecomposingaserviceintomicroservicesAVNFintomultipleVNF-Componentsmoredelays,morecomplexityindeployment,etc@TarikTALEB202139EvolvedPacketCoreafterCUPSVPLMNHPLMNUTRANSGSMGEe5683GPPAccessPEMMME5121SI-MMI1PGW-CSGW-Packet Data NetworkE-UTRANUEe-g, IMS, PSS etc.)S1-uLTE-UBeo@TarikTALEB20214020
6/16/2021 20 © Tarik TALEB 2021 Micro Service Concept Pool #n Load Balancer VM VM VM NF FE+ SL DB VM VM DB VM VM DB Worker FrontEnd SC1 SC2 SC5 SC3 SC4 SC2 SC1 SC3 SC1 SC3 SC2 SC1 SC2 SC-n SC4 Service 1 Service 2 Service 3 ❑ Decomposing a service into microservices ❑ ❑ A • A VNF into multiple VNF-Components • more delays, more complexity in deployment, etc PCRF Gx Rx Gxc 3GPP Access Evolved Packet Core after CUPS S1-MME Packet Data Network (e.g. IMS, PSS etc.) S10 UE LTE-Uu S11 S5 SGi SGW PGW S1-U S12 S3 SGSN S4 UTRAN GERAN MME S6a HSS VPLMN HPLMN E-UTRAN Control Plane Data Plane © Tarik TALEB 2021 -C -C SGW-U PGW-U Sxb Sxa S5 SGi 39 40