2)共价键的饱和性 3)共价键的方向性 H(1s) Ci(3px) H-CI LIYING 2021/2/10
LIYING 2021/2/10 2) 共价键的饱和性 3) 共价键的方向性 H（1s) Cl(3px ) H-Cl +
2.分子轨道理论( Molecular Orbital Theory, MO) 1932, Pauling Orbitals: The region of space around an atom in which an electron is likely to be found is an orbital o The shape and size of the orbital are determined by a mathematical equation called a wave function LIYING 2021/2/10
LIYING 2021/2/10 2. 分子轨道理论(Molecular Orbital Theory ,MO) 1932，Pauling Orbitals ：The region of space around an atom in which an electron is likely to be found is an orbital. ⚫ The shape and size of the orbital are determined by a mathematical equation called a wave function
o When atoms combine to form molecules, they do so by combining the wave functions for the individual atomic orbitals o We say that the orbitals overla p .The region of space defined by this combination of orbitals is the molecular orbital LIYING 2021/2/10
LIYING 2021/2/10 •When atoms combine to form molecules, they do so by combining the wave functions for the individual atomic orbitals. •We say that the orbitals “overlap.” •The region of space defined by this combination of orbitals is the molecular orbital
-The method of overlapping orbitals is known as the linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals (CAO) method 组合轨道 我性 When ever two atomic orbitals are 原子 combined in the LCAO method. the result is always two原子物造线性组a molecular orbitals LIYING 2021/2/10
LIYING 2021/2/10 –The method of overlapping orbitals is known as the Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals (LCAO) method. –When ever two atomic orbitals are combined in the LCAO method, the result is always two molecular orbitals! 原子 线性 组合 轨道 原子轨道线性组合
Types of Molecular Orbitals o There are three important types of molecular orbitals - sigma(σ) symmetry:键轴 pi() symmetry:节面、节点 n o Each of these types of orbitals will be discussed as follows LIYING 2021/2/10
LIYING 2021/2/10 Types of Molecular Orbitals ⚫ There are three important types of molecular orbitals – sigma (s) symmetry: 键轴 – pi (p) symmetry: 节面、节点 – n ⚫ Each of these types of orbitals will be discussed as follows