《电力系统自动化》课程教学资源（理论课程资料）变电站自动化_相关标准_57_526e_61850-5.pdf_P11-P15

61850-5©1EC:2001 12 57/526/CDV INTRODUCTION The IEC 61850 series is intended to provide interoperability between all devices in substations.Communication between these devices has to fulfill a lot of requirements imposed by all the functions to be performed in substations.Depending on the philosophy both of the vendor and the user and on the state-of-the-art in technology,the allocation of functions to devices and control levels is not commonly fixed.This results in different requirements for the different communication interfaces within the substation.The standard shall support any allocation of functions. The standard series shall be long living but allow to follow the fast changes in communication technology by both its technical approach and its document structure.Fig.1 shows the relationship of Part 5 to subsequent parts of 61850.The standard series IEC 61850 has been organized so that changes to one part do not require a significant rewriting of another part. i.e.the parts are related by the communication requirements in Part 5:the derived modeling requirements in subsequent parts will not change the Part 5 requirements.The general parts, the requirement specification and the modeling parts are independent from any implementation.The implementation needed for the use of the standard is defined in some few dedicated parts. This part 5 of the standard IEC 61850 defines the communication requirements for functions and device models for substations. The modeling of communication requires the definition of objects (e.g.,data objects,data sets,report control,log control)and services provided by objects (e.g.,get,set,report, create,delete).This is given in part 7 with a clear interface to implementation.To use the benefits of communication technology,in the standard 61850 no new OSI stacks are defined but a standardized mapping on existing stacks is given in part 8 (station bus)and part 9 (process bus)is given.A substation configuration language (part 6)and a standardized conformance testing complement the standard.Fig.1 shows the general structure of the documents of IEC 61850 as well as the position of the clause defined in this document. NOTE:To keep the layered approach to the standard not mixing application and implementation requirements. terms like client,server,data objects,etc.are normally not used in part 5(requirements).In parts 7(modeling),8 (station bus mapping)and 9(process bus mapping)terms like PICOMs belonging to application requirements are normally not used. testing 61850-6 Substation Cor guration Language 1850-0 Specific Communication Service Mapping 61850-7-3 Common Data Classes and Attributes 61850-7-2 Abstract。 Service Interface(ACSI) 64e0-7-1 Model 61850-5 for Functions Device Models Fig.1-Relative position of this part of the standard

61850-5  IEC:2001 57/526/CDV 12 INTRODUCTION The IEC 61850 series is intended to provide interoperability between all devices in substations. Communication between these devices has to fulfill a lot of requirements imposed by all the functions to be performed in substations. Depending on the philosophy both of the vendor and the user and on the state-of-the-art in technology, the allocation of functions to devices and control levels is not commonly fixed. This results in different requirements for the different communication interfaces within the substation. The standard shall support any allocation of functions. The standard series shall be long living but allow to follow the fast changes in communication technology by both its technical approach and its document structure. Fig. 1 shows the relationship of Part 5 to subsequent parts of 61850. The standard series IEC 61850 has been organized so that changes to one part do not require a significant rewriting of another part, i.e. the parts are related by the communication requirements in Part 5; the derived modeling requirements in subsequent parts will not change the Part 5 requirements. The general parts, the requirement specification and the modeling parts are independent from any implementation. The implementation needed for the use of the standard is defined in some few dedicated parts. This part 5 of the standard IEC 61850 defines the communication requirements for functions and device models for substations. The modeling of communication requires the definition of objects (e.g., data objects, data sets, report control, log control) and services provided by objects (e.g., get, set, report, create, delete). This is given in part 7 with a clear interface to implementation. To use the benefits of communication technology, in the standard 61850 no new OSI stacks are defined but a standardized mapping on existing stacks is given in part 8 (station bus) and part 9 (process bus) is given. A substation configuration language (part 6) and a standardized conformance testing complement the standard. Fig. 1 shows the general structure of the documents of IEC 61850 as well as the position of the clause defined in this document. NOTE: To keep the layered approach to the standard not mixing application and implementation requirements, terms like client, server, data objects, etc. are normally not used in part 5 (requirements). In parts 7 (modeling), 8 (station bus mapping) and 9 (process bus mapping) terms like PICOMs belonging to application requirements are normally not used. 61850-8-x 61850-9-x Specific Communication Service Mapping 61850-7-2 Abstract Communication Service Interface (ACSI) 61850-7-1 Communication Reference Model 61850-5 Communication Requirements for Functions & Device Models 61850-7-3 Common Data Classes and Attributes 61850-7-4 Compatible Logical Node and Data Object Adressing 61850-6 Substation Configuration Language 61850-10 Conformance testing Fig. 1 - Relative position of this part of the standard

61850-5©1EC:2001 13 571526/CDV Part 5:Communication Requirements for Functions and Device Models 1 SCOPE AND OBJECT This standard applies to substation automation systems(SAS).It defines the communication between intelligent electronic devices and the related system requirements. The specifications of this part refer to the communication requirements of the functions being performed in the substation automation system and to device models.All functions and their communication requirements are identified. The description of the functions is not used to standardize the functions,but to identify communication requirements between technical services and the substation,and communication requirements between Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs)within the substation. To support the free allocation of functions a proper breakdown of functions into parts relevant for communication is done.The exchanged data and their performance requirements are listed.These definitions are supplemented by data flow calculations for typical substation configurations Intelligent electronic devices from substations like protective devices are found in other installations like power plants also.Using this standard for such devices in these plants would facilitate the system integration but it is outside the scope of this standard. 2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES The following normative documents contain provisions,which,through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of the IEC 61850 standard series.At the time of publication. the editions indicated were valid.All normative documents are subject to revision,and parties to agreements based on this part of IEC 61850 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below.Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IEEE Std C37.2-1996:Electrical Power System Device Function Numbers and Contact Designation IEC 61850-2:Communication networks and systems in substations-Glossary IEC 60044:Instrument transformers IEC 60687:Alternating current static watt-hour meters for active energy(classes 0.2 S and 0,5S) IEC 61346 Industrial systems,installations and equipment and industrial products Structuring principles and reference designations Informative references are found in the Bibliographic Annex. DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this international standard the terms and definitions given in part IEC 61850-2 apply in general.The following terms and definitions apply for the purpose of this part of the standard

61850-5  IEC:2001 57/526/CDV 13 Part 5:Communication Requirements for Functions and Device Models 1 SCOPE AND OBJECT This standard applies to substation automation systems (SAS). It defines the communication between intelligent electronic devices and the related system requirements. The specifications of this part refer to the communication requirements of the functions being performed in the substation automation system and to device models. All functions and their communication requirements are identified. The description of the functions is not used to standardize the functions, but to identify communication requirements between technical services and the substation, and communication requirements between Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) within the substation. To support the free allocation of functions a proper breakdown of functions into parts relevant for communication is done. The exchanged data and their performance requirements are listed. These definitions are supplemented by data flow calculations for typical substation configurations. Intelligent electronic devices from substations like protective devices are found in other installations like power plants also. Using this standard for such devices in these plants would facilitate the system integration but it is outside the scope of this standard. 2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES The following normative documents contain provisions, which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of the IEC 61850 standard series. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of IEC 61850 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IEEE Std C37.2-1996: Electrical Power System Device Function Numbers and Contact Designation IEC 61850-2: Communication networks and systems in substations – Glossary IEC 60044: Instrument transformers IEC 60687: Alternating current static watt-hour meters for active energy (classes 0,2 S and 0,5 S) IEC 61346 Industrial systems, installations and equipment and industrial products – Structuring principles and reference designations Informative references are found in the Bibliographic Annex. 3 DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this international standard the terms and definitions given in part IEC 61850-2 apply in general. The following terms and definitions apply for the purpose of this part of the standard.

61850-5©1EC:2001 14 57/526/CDV Function Functions are tasks,which are performed by the substation automation system.Generally,a function consists of subparts called logical nodes,which exchange data with each other.By definition,only logical nodes exchange data and.therefore,a function that exchanges data with other functions must have at least on logical node. Distributed function A function is called distributed when two or more logical nodes that are located in different physical devices perform it.Since all functions communicate in some way,the definition of a local or a distributed function is not unique but depends on the definition of the functional steps to be performed until the function is completed.In case of loosing one LN or one included communication link the function may be blocked completely or show a graceful degradation if applicable System The logical system is a union of all(via its logical nodes)communicating application functions performing some overall task like "management of a substation".The physical system is composed of all devices hosting these functions and the interconnecting physical communication network.The boundary of a system is given by its logical or physical interfaces.Examples are industrial systems,management systems,information systems,etc Within the scope of this standard,system refers to substation automation systems always if not mentioned otherwise. Device A mechanism or piece of equipment designed to serve a purpose or perform a function.e.g., breaker,relay,or substation computer. Intelligent Electronic Device Any device incorporating one or more processors with the capability to receive or send data/control from or to an external source,e.g.electronic multifunction meters,digital relays controllers.An entity capable of executing the behavior of one or more specified logical nodes in a particular context and delimited by its interfaces.If not stated otherwise intelligent electronic devices have an internal clock by definition providing e.g.time tags.This adds the requirement of a system wide time synchronization of all these clocks if applicable. Physical Device A physical device is equivalent to an intelligent electronic device as used in the context of this standard Logical Node A logical node (LN)is the smallest part of a function that exchanges data.A LN represents the function within a physical device;it performs some operations for that function.A LN is an object defined by its data and methods.Logical nodes related to primary equipment are not the primary equipment itself but its intelligent part or image in the secondary system,i.e.local or remote 1/Os,intelligent sensors and actuators,etc. Logical Connection The communication link between logical nodes. Physical Connection The communication link between physical devices. Interchangeability The ability to replace a device from the same vendor,or from different vendors,utilizing the same communication interface and as a minimum,with the same functionality,and with no impact on the rest of the system.If minor differences in functionality are accepted,the exchange may require some changes somewhere in the system also.Interchangeability implies a standardization of functions and,in a strong sense,of devices which are both outside the scope of this standard. Interoperability The ability of two or more intelligent electronic devices from the same vendor,or different vendors,to exchange information and use that information for correct co-operation

61850-5  IEC:2001 57/526/CDV 14 Function Functions are tasks, which are performed by the substation automation system. Generally, a function consists of subparts called logical nodes, which exchange data with each other. By definition, only logical nodes exchange data and, therefore, a function that exchanges data with other functions must have at least on logical node. Distributed function A function is called distributed when two or more logical nodes that are located in different physical devices perform it. Since all functions communicate in some way, the definition of a local or a distributed function is not unique but depends on the definition of the functional steps to be performed until the function is completed. In case of loosing one LN or one included communication link the function may be blocked completely or show a graceful degradation if applicable. System The logical system is a union of all (via its logical nodes) communicating application functions performing some overall task like “management of a substation”. The physical system is composed of all devices hosting these functions and the interconnecting physical communication network. The boundary of a system is given by its logical or physical interfaces. Examples are industrial systems, management systems, information systems, etc. Within the scope of this standard, system refers to substation automation systems always if not mentioned otherwise. Device A mechanism or piece of equipment designed to serve a purpose or perform a function. e.g., breaker, relay, or substation computer. Intelligent Electronic Device Any device incorporating one or more processors with the capability to receive or send data/control from or to an external source, e.g. electronic multifunction meters, digital relays, controllers. An entity capable of executing the behavior of one or more specified logical nodes in a particular context and delimited by its interfaces. If not stated otherwise intelligent electronic devices have an internal clock by definition providing e.g. time tags. This adds the requirement of a system wide time synchronization of all these clocks if applicable. Physical Device A physical device is equivalent to an intelligent electronic device as used in the context of this standard. Logical Node A logical node (LN) is the smallest part of a function that exchanges data. A LN represents the function within a physical device; it performs some operations for that function. A LN is an object defined by its data and methods. Logical nodes related to primary equipment are not the primary equipment itself but its intelligent part or image in the secondary system, i.e. local or remote I/Os, intelligent sensors and actuators, etc. Logical Connection The communication link between logical nodes. Physical Connection The communication link between physical devices. Interchangeability The ability to replace a device from the same vendor, or from different vendors, utilizing the same communication interface and as a minimum, with the same functionality, and with no impact on the rest of the system. If minor differences in functionality are accepted, the exchange may require some changes somewhere in the system also. Interchangeability implies a standardization of functions and, in a strong sense, of devices which are both outside the scope of this standard. Interoperability The ability of two or more intelligent electronic devices from the same vendor, or different vendors, to exchange information and use that information for correct co-operation.

61850-5©1EC:2001 15 57/526/CDV PICOM A PICOM(Piece of Information for COMmunication)is a description of an information transfer with given communication attributes between two logical nodes.It contains also the information to be transmitted and requirement attributes like performance.It does not represent the actual structure and format for data that is transmitted over the communication network.This information is found in the parts IEC 61850-8 and IEC 61850-9.The assumed logical point-to-point connection describes the source and sink of this information transfer but does not prescribe the communication procedures.Therefore,multicast and broadcast procedures are not excluded.The PICOM approach was adopted from CIGRE working group 34.03 and allows for performance requirements also. Bay A substation consists of closely connected subparts with some common functionality. Examples are the switchgear between an incoming or outgoing line and the busbar,the buscoupler with its circuit breaker and related isolators and earthing switches,the transformer with its related switchgear between the two busbars representing the two voltage levels,the diameter (see definition)in a 1 breaker arrangement,virtual bays in ring arrangements (breaker and adjacent isolators).etc.These subparts very often comprise a device to be protected such as a transformer or a line end.The control of the switchgear in such a subpart has some common restrictions like mutual interlocking or well-defined operation sequences. The identification of such subparts is important for maintenance purposes(what parts may be switched off at the same time with a minimum impact on the rest of the substation)or for extension plans (what has to be added if a new line is linked in).These subparts are called "bays"and managed by devices with the generic names "bay controller"and "bay protection". The functionality of these devices represents an additional logical control level below the overall station level that is called "bay level".Physically,this level must not exist in any substation;i.e.there may be no "bay controller physical devices at all. Diameter A diameter applies to a 1-%-breaker arrangement and comprises the complete switchgear between the two busbars,i.e.the 2 lines and the 3 circuit breakers with all related isolators, earthing switches,CTs and VTs.It has some common functionality and relationship both for operation,maintenance and extensions. Bay level functions Bay level functions (see bay definition above)are functions using mainly the data of one bay and acting mainly on the primary equipment of one bay.In the context of this standard a bay means any subpart of the substation like a line feeder,a diameter or a transformer feeder The definition of a bay is considering some kind of a meaningful substructure in the primary substation configuration and some local functionality or autonomy in the secondary system (substation automation).Examples for such functions are line protection or bay control.These functions communicate via the logical interface 3 within the bay level and via the logical interfaces 4 and 5 to the process level,i.e.with any kind of remote l/Os or intelligent sensors and actuators.Interfaces 4 and 5 may be hardwired also but hardwired interfaces are outside the scope of 61850. Process level functions Process level functions are all functions interfacing to the process,i.e.basically binary and analogue 1/O functions like data acquisition(incl.sampling)and issuing of commands.These functions communicate via the logical interfaces 4 and 5 to the bay level. Station level functions These functions refer to the substation as whole.There are two classes of station level functions:i.e.Process related station level functions and Interface related station level functions Process related station level functions Process related station leve/functions are functions using the data of more than one bay or of the complete substation and acting on the primary equipment of more than one bay or of the

61850-5  IEC:2001 57/526/CDV 15 PICOM A PICOM (Piece of Information for COMmunication) is a description of an information transfer with given communication attributes between two logical nodes. It contains also the information to be transmitted and requirement attributes like performance. It does not represent the actual structure and format for data that is transmitted over the communication network. This information is found in the parts IEC 61850-8 and IEC 61850-9.The assumed logical point-to-point connection describes the source and sink of this information transfer but does not prescribe the communication procedures. Therefore, multicast and broadcast procedures are not excluded. The PICOM approach was adopted from CIGRE working group 34.03 and allows for performance requirements also. Bay A substation consists of closely connected subparts with some common functionality. Examples are the switchgear between an incoming or outgoing line and the busbar, the buscoupler with its circuit breaker and related isolators and earthing switches, the transformer with its related switchgear between the two busbars representing the two voltage levels, the diameter (see definition) in a 1 ½ breaker arrangement, virtual bays in ring arrangements (breaker and adjacent isolators), etc. These subparts very often comprise a device to be protected such as a transformer or a line end. The control of the switchgear in such a subpart has some common restrictions like mutual interlocking or well-defined operation sequences. The identification of such subparts is important for maintenance purposes (what parts may be switched off at the same time with a minimum impact on the rest of the substation) or for extension plans (what has to be added if a new line is linked in). These subparts are called “bays” and managed by devices with the generic names “bay controller” and “bay protection”. The functionality of these devices represents an additional logical control level below the overall station level that is called “bay level”. Physically, this level must not exist in any substation; i.e. there may be no “bay controller” physical devices at all. Diameter A diameter applies to a 1-½-breaker arrangement and comprises the complete switchgear between the two busbars, i.e. the 2 lines and the 3 circuit breakers with all related isolators, earthing switches, CTs and VTs. It has some common functionality and relationship both for operation, maintenance and extensions. Bay level functions Bay level functions (see bay definition above) are functions using mainly the data of one bay and acting mainly on the primary equipment of one bay. In the context of this standard a bay means any subpart of the substation like a line feeder, a diameter or a transformer feeder. The definition of a bay is considering some kind of a meaningful substructure in the primary substation configuration and some local functionality or autonomy in the secondary system (substation automation). Examples for such functions are line protection or bay control. These functions communicate via the logical interface 3 within the bay level and via the logical interfaces 4 and 5 to the process level, i.e. with any kind of remote I/Os or intelligent sensors and actuators. Interfaces 4 and 5 may be hardwired also but hardwired interfaces are outside the scope of 61850. Process level functions Process level functions are all functions interfacing to the process, i.e. basically binary and analogue I/O functions like data acquisition (incl. sampling) and issuing of commands. These functions communicate via the logical interfaces 4 and 5 to the bay level. Station level functions These functions refer to the substation as whole. There are two classes of station level functions; i.e. Process related station level functions and Interface related station level functions Process related station level functions Process related station level functions are functions using the data of more than one bay or of the complete substation and acting on the primary equipment of more than one bay or of the