Measures to solve water shortage Exploitation of new water resources limitation of the exploitable water resource Long distance water transfer-need of large-scale investment Water recycling and reuse-meet the principle of sustainable development
Measures to solve water shortage Measures to solve water shortage ¾ Exploitation of new water resources Exploitation of new water resources – limitation of the exploitable water resource ¾ Long distance water transfer Long distance water transfer – need of large-scale investment ¾ Water recycling and reuse Water recycling and reuse – meet the principle of sustainable development
New concepts of water resources development Sustainable development and utilization of water resources Wastewater is not 'WASTE. but an important part of renewable water resource
New concepts of water resources New concepts of water resources development development ¾ Sustainable development and utilization of water resources ¾ Wastewater is not ‘WASTE’, but an important part of renewable water resource
Water reuse for increasing the total available quantity 1 Water resource Usage 2 (Surface water, Groundwater) Q Drainage Exploitable capacity q3 ge 3 Qr=a Q Usage 4 Treatme for Reuse Case 1: Direct use and drainage(full lines Q=Eq(i=1, 2, 3, 4.)Q,=Q,=Q,(neglecting loses during water use) Case 2: Treatment for reuse(full and broken lines) euse rate a, Reuse quantity Q -aQ, (neglecting loses during water use Q, =Q+ Qk=Q+a Q -Qa=(1-a)Q Principle of water resource development: Q= M
Water reuse for increasing the total Water reuse for increasing the total available quantity available quantity q1 …… Drainage Q1 Q2 Water Resource (Surface water, Groundwater) Exploitable capacity M0 q2 q3 q4 Treatment for Reuse Q0 Q R = α Q1 Q R Case 1: Direct use and drainage (full lines) Q1= Σ qi (i =1,2,3,4 …) Q0 = Q1 = Q2 (neglecting loses during water use) Case 2: Treatment for reuse (full and broken lines) Reuse rate α，Reuse quantity QR = α Q1 (neglecting loses during water use) Q1 = Q0+ QR = Q0+ α Q1 → Q0 = (1−α)Q1 Principle of water resource development：Q0≦ M0 Usage 1 Usage 2 Usage 3 Usage 4