Unit 8 Psychologically Speakin 教学目的1以课文内容为基础,借助一些文化背景资料和图片使学生通过文化 背景知识,了解不同时代观念上的尖锐冲突问题 2通过问答和讲解的方式,帮助学生对观念差异问题获得感性认识。 3通过讨论深入探讨这种社会现象的同时,提高学生讨论问题的口语 表达能力,锻炼学生的英语运用能力 4课前有趣的话题、竞争的气氛和合作的态度以及课后的心理游戏也 有助于加快学生进入最佳的学习状态 教学内容1借助多种教学途径介绍文化背景知识。 2精讲课文使学生掌握语言点启发学生寻找重点词汇,运用文章中 的语言和短语词汇复述故事,帮助学生把 扩充词汇量和在具体情景中使用词汇有机结合起来。并且讨论提供 不同的故事结局。 3熟悉课文的写作手法,通过一对美国普通家庭的母女观念上的冲 突,引发了不同时代人的观念差异。文章多以普通对话为主,口语 交流,语言通俗简单易懂,揭示了一个严肃的社会问题 4采用多样形式,结合本课特点和授课实际,由学生分角色朗读课 文,分饰角色,以话剧的形式表现故事和结局。布置练习,通过课 后练习随堂做使学生加深对所涉及的内容的理解和掌握。设计话题 激发学生联系实际谈谈两代人的代沟问题 教学方法讲授为主,结合问答,讨论,练习,分角色朗读课文 Unit8 Psychologically Speaking Background Information Sigmund Freud was born on May 6 1856, in the small town of Freiberg, Moravia, which is now in Czechoslovakia. He was the eldest of eight children born to jacob and Amalie Freud When Freud was about three years old his father, who was a wool merchant, lost much of his business. The family were now poor and had to leave Freiberg, where Freud was happy, and go to live in Vienna, the capital city of Austria. It was in Vienna that Freud came across anti-semitism反犹太教 for the first time. Jewish people had been persecuted in Europe for hundreds of years and they would often be called names or attacked on the street Freud's father told him of a time when a man knocked his hat into the road and told him to get off the pavement. "What did you do? asked Freud. "I walked into the road and picked up my hat"replied his father. That incident made the young Freud feel more Freud was intelligent and hard-working at school, and always liked to express his opinions even when he disagreed with his teachers or other pupils. When he was older Freud said that he didnt think he was particularly clever, even though he often came top of the class- the most important thing was working hard and wanting to find out about things
1 Unit 8 Psychologically Speaking 教学目的 1 以课文内容为基础，借助一些文化背景资料和图片使学生通过文化 背景知识，了解不同时代观念上的尖锐冲突问题。 2 通过问答和讲解的方式，帮助学生对观念差异问题获得感性认识。 3 通过讨论深入探讨这种社会现象的同时，提高学生讨论问题的口语 表达能力，锻炼学生的英语运用能力 4 课前有趣的话题、竞争的气氛和合作的态度以及课后的心理游戏也 有助于加快学生进入最佳的学习状态。 教学内容 1 借助多种教学途径介绍文化背景知识。 2 精讲课文使学生掌握语言点启发学生寻找重点词汇，运用文章中 的语言和短语词汇复述故事，帮助学生把 扩充词汇量和在具体情景中使用词汇有机结合起来。并且讨论提供 不同的故事结局。 3 熟悉课文的写作手法，通过一对美国普通家庭的母女观念上的冲 突，引发了不同时代人的观念差异。文章多以普通对话为主，口语 交流，语言通俗简单易懂，揭示了一个严肃的社会问题。 4 采用多样形式，结合本课特点和授课实际，由学生分角色朗读课 文，分饰角色，以话剧的形式表现故事和结局。布置练习，通过课 后练习随堂做使学生加深对所涉及的内容的理解和掌握。设计话题 激发学生联系实际谈谈两代人的代沟问题。 教学方法 讲授为主，结合问答，讨论，练习，分角色朗读课文， Unit 8 Psychologically Speaking Background Information Sigmund Freud was born on May 6 1856, in the small town of Freiberg, Moravia, which is now in Czechoslovakia. He was the eldest of eight children born to Jacob and Amalie Freud. When Freud was about three years old his father, who was a wool merchant, lost much of his business. The family were now poor and had to leave Freiberg, where Freud was happy, and go to live in Vienna, the capital city of Austria. It was in Vienna that Freud came across anti-semitism 反犹太教 for the first time. Jewish people had been persecuted in Europe for hundreds of years and they would often be called names or attacked on the street. Freud's father told him of a time when a man knocked his hat into the road and told him to get off the pavement. "What did you do?" asked Freud. "I walked into the road and picked up my hat" replied his father. That incident made the young Freud feel more…. Freud was intelligent and hard-working at school, and always liked to express his opinions even when he disagreed with his teachers or other pupils. When he was older Freud said that he didn't think he was particularly clever, even though he often came top of the class - the most important thing was working hard and wanting to find out about things
When he left school he was not sure what he wanted to do. at first he thought he would become a lawyer. Then he decided to study medicine and become a doctor, so he enrolled in the medical school of the University of Vienna. From 1859 until 1938, Sigmund Freud was a doctor in Vienna, While he was still at university, Freud decided to specialize in neurology, the study and eatment of the brain and the nervous system. In 1885, just before he got married, he obtained a grant to go to Paris to see the famous neurologist Jean Martin Charcot. Freud returned from Paris determined to study and treat mental disorders. He called his new ideas Experience During all his time in Vienna the Freud family had to suffer many hardships Firstly during the First World War And then in the economic depression when Austrian money became almost worthless. After the War there was a great epidemic of flu. Freuds daughter Sophie died in 1920, and three years later his grandson Heinerle died too In March1938. Freud come to London to flee from the nazis after the german annexation of austria In 1939, he died in his study at 20 Maresfield Garden, London, and later was cremated #t. His ashes are interred #4 in a greek urn from his collection in the Columbarium at Golders Green Crematorium. London. The last 16 years of Freuds life were spent in continual pain, physical discomfort. He had cancer of the jaw(mouth)and was operated on over thirty more times, as well as radiation treatment, the fitting of an artificial palate and jaw, and an overdose of morphine dministered by his doctor. The operations also caused deafness in his right ear, together with heart failure. Throughout this time Freud continued to smoke he knew it was killing him but he carried on, despite the advice of family, doctors, and friends In his six children, the youngest one, Anna Freud became a pioneering psychoanalyst, and an important theorist of psychoanalysis Works: in a chronological order Studies on Hysteria (with Breuer) Project for a Scientific Psychology (unpublished) 1895 The Interpretation of Dreams1900 The Psychopathology of Everyday life. 1901 Fragment ofan Analysis of a Case of Hysteria 1905 New Introductory Lectures on Psycho-Analysis 1916
2 When he left school he was not sure what he wanted to do. At first he thought he would become a lawyer. Then he decided to study medicine and become a doctor, so he enrolled in the medical school of the University of Vienna. From 1859 until 1938, Sigmund Freud was a doctor in Vienna, While he was still at university, Freud decided to specialize in neurology, the study and treatment of the brain and the nervous system. In 1885, just before he got married, he obtained a grant to go to Paris to see the famous neurologist Jean Martin Charcot. Freud returned from Paris determined to study and treat mental disorders. He called his new ideas 'psychoanalysis' Experience During all his time in Vienna the Freud family had to suffer many hardships. Firstly during the First World War, And then in the economic depression when Austrian money became almost worthless. After the War there was a great epidemic of flu. Freud's daughter Sophie died in 1920, and three years later his grandson Heinerle died too. In March1938, Freud come to London to flee from the Nazis after the German annexation of Austria. In 1939, he died in his study at 20 Maresfield Garden, London, and later was cremated 火 葬. His ashes are interred 埋葬 in a Greek urn from his collection, in the Columbarium at Golders Green Crematorium, London. The last 16 years of Freud's life were spent in continual pain, physical discomfort. He had cancer of the jaw (mouth) and was operated on over thirty more times, as well as radiation treatment, the fitting of an artificial palate and jaw, and an overdose of morphine administered by his doctor. The operations also caused deafness in his right ear, together with heart failure. Throughout this time Freud continued to smoke. He knew it was killing him but he carried on, despite the advice of family, doctors, and friends. In his six children, the youngest one, Anna Freud became a pioneering psychoanalyst, and an important theorist of psychoanalysis. Works: in a chronological order Studies on Hysteria (with Breuer) Project for a Scientific Psychology(unpublished) 1895. ‘The Interpretation of Dreams’ 1900 The Psychopathology of Everyday Life . 1901 Fragment of an Analysis of a Case of Hysteria 1905 New Introductory Lectures on Psycho-Analysis 1916
roup Psychology and the analysis of the ego 1921 The Future of an Ilusion. 1927 vilization and its Discontents. /930 Moses and Monotheism. 1939 S.弗洛伊德 Sigmund freud1856-1939 奥地利心理学家,精神分析学派创始人。出生于奥地利的摩拉维亚(现属捷克),三岁时随 父移居维也纳,1876年于维也纳大学医学系毕业,1881年获医学博士学位。1885年留学 巴黎,跟随法国精神医学家沙克学习臆病的催眠疗法。归国后与神经病医生布洛伊尔合作, 使用催眠疗法治疗臆病患者。随着临床经验的增加,弗洛伊德认为臆病是由性的原因引起的 Text Analysis Situational Comedy Major conflict: the conflict between the mother, Mrs. Kent and the daughter, Eve Minor conflict: the fight over Mrs. Kent between Mr. Kent and Professor Waring, the psychologist The interesting thing is the resolution of the first conflict occurred at the same time when the second conflict was resolved This is what we might call a situational comedy. It does not have a particularly significant social or moral message to give to the readers. Nor can it be regarded as a great work of art. The main merit is its amusing story The play was written around 1940 and the setting was presumably a small town the south of the United States. The chief conflict in the play was between the mother who wanted to stick to the trad itional way of life and the daughter who yearned for change and freedom, especially, as is often the case, in love and marrage Structure Part I(paral-paral2)The story between Mrs. Kent and Thelma Part II(paral 1) The story between Mrs. Kent and her daughter, Eve Part IiI (para32-para52 ) The story between Mrs. Kent and Pro. Waring, the psychologist Part IV(para53-para57)The psychological experiment Sigmund Freud(1856-1939 Austrian psychiatrist(精神病医师) and founder of psychoanalysis, the most influential psychological theorist of the 20th-century. Freud 's theories, includ ing the concept of the Oedipus complex(恋母情结), have had an enormous influence on art literature, and social thinking. Freuds fundamental idea was that all humans are endowed with an unconscious in which potent sexual and aggressive drives, and defenses against them, struggle for supremacy Words and expressions 1. Mrs. Kent is seated in a large armchair beside a table, sewing. ( Setting) Notice the setting of the play. The fact that Mrs. Kent was seen sewing when the curtain rose showed that the story took place quite a long time ago, at a time when middle-class women would take sewing as a natural and respectable pastime
3 Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego 1921 The Future of an Illusion. 1927 Civilization and its Discontents. 1930 Moses and Monotheism. 1939 S.弗洛伊德 Sigmund Freud 1856-1939 奥地利心理学家，精神分析学派创始人。出生于奥地利的摩拉维亚（现属捷克），三岁时随 父移居维也纳，1876 年于维也纳大学医学系毕业，·1881 年获医学博士学位。1885 年留学 巴黎，跟随法国精神医学家沙克学习臆病的催眠疗法。归国后与神经病医生布洛伊尔合作， 使用催眠疗法治疗臆病患者。随着临床经验的增加，弗洛伊德认为臆病是由性的原因引起的 Text Analysis Situational Comedy Major conflict: the conflict between the mother, Mrs. Kent and the daughter, Eve. Minor conflict: the fight over Mrs. Kent between Mr. Kent and Professor Waring, the psychologist. The interesting thing is the resolution of the first conflict occurred at the same time when the second conflict was resolved. This is what we might call a situational comedy. It does not have a particularly significant social or moral message to give to the readers. Nor can it be regarded as a great work of art. The main merit is its amusing story. The play was written around 1940 and the setting was presumably a small town in the south of the United States. The chief conflict in the play was between the mother who wanted to stick to the traditional way of life and the daughter who yearned for change and freedom, especially, as is often the case, in love and marriage. Structure Part I (para1-para12) The story between Mrs. Kent and Thelma. Part II (para13-para31) The story between Mrs. Kent and her daughter, Eve Part III (para32-para52)The story between Mrs. Kent and Pro. Waring, the psychologist. Part IV (para53-para57) The psychological experiment. Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) Austrian psychiatrist (精神病医师) and founder of psychoanalysis, the most influential psychological theorist of the 20th-century. Freud‘s theories, including the concept of the Oedipus complex (恋母情结), have had an enormous influence on art, literature, and social thinking. Freud's fundamental idea was that all humans are endowed with an unconscious in which potent sexual and aggressive drives, and defenses against them, struggle for supremacy. Words and expressions 1. Mrs. Kent is seated in a large armchair beside a table, sewing. (Setting) Notice the setting of the play. The fact that Mrs. Kent was seen sewing when the curtain rose showed that the story took place quite a long time ago, at a time when middle-class women would take sewing as a natural and respectable pastime
seat vt to sit down 2. I declare, you make me nervous, fussing and wasting time like that. (paral) Today people would call housemaids babysitters or home managers, and the way they are treated would also be significantly different I to say sth officially or publicly; 2 to state sth. firmly and clearly e.g. The government declared a state of emergency during the SARS period (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome He declared that he was in love with her I declare: I must say: I must tell you what i think and feel about it fuss to give too much attention to small, unimportant matters Translate:她总是过分讲究穿着 She is always fussing with her clothes There was a terrible fuss about who should sit where 3. What is it? I know you want something, or you wouldn't fool around so. Out with it (paral) fool make a fool of sb (to say or do sth deliberately to make people think that sb. is stupid. e.g. Can't you see she's making a fool of you? I made a complete fool of myself in front of everyone You could have fooled me (Spoken-English, used to say that you don t believe what sb. else says) eg." I'm trying as hard as I can!” You could have fooled me.说的跟真的似的 fool s parad ( a state of happiness that is based on sth. that is false or can' t last)虚幻的幸福 fool around to waste time instead of doing sth. you should be doing Translate:他整天闲逛 He fools around everyday. He fools about everyday Out with it: tell me about it. ("Out with it" is used when it seems very difficult to say 4. There's a dance up at Crosby,'s barn tonight, and Bill Fox, you know him, ma'am, he works in Paxley's garage he's asked me to go. (para2) It turned out that Thelma just wanted to ask for the permission to go to the dance with her boyfriend up at Crosby's barn: Up"here indicates direction, usu. we mean north of, here we can understand it as"up north arage" here refers to a place where motor vehicles(机动车辆) are repaired 5. We-ll, I don't know(para3) Well, I'm not sure whether I should let you go or not I don't know is often used when you disagree slightly or feel slightly annoyed or Ars. Kent obviously treated Thelma as a child who did not know what was right and what was wrong, and therefore considered herself responsible for her housemaid's
4 seat vt. to sit down. e.g. Please be seated.= Please sit down. 2. I declare, you make me nervous, fussing and wasting time like that. (para1) Today people would call housemaids babysitters or home managers, and the way they are treated would also be significantly different. declare v. 1 to say sth. officially or publicly; 2 to state sth. firmly and clearly e.g. The government declared a state of emergency during the SARS period. (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ) He declared that he was in love with her. I declare: I must say; I must tell you what I think and feel about it fuss: to give too much attention to small, unimportant matters Translate: 她总是过分讲究穿着. She is always fussing with her clothes. There was a terrible fuss about who should sit where. 3. What is it? I know you want something, or you wouldn’t fool around so. Out with it. (para1) fool make a fool of sb. (to say or do sth. deliberately to make people think that sb. is stupid. ) e.g. Can’t you see she’s making a fool of you? I made a complete fool of myself in front of everyone. You could have fooled me. (Spoken-English, used to say that you don’t believe what sb. else says) e.g. “I’m trying as hard as I can!” You could have fooled me. 说的跟真的似的. fool’s paradise (a state of happiness that is based on sth. that is false or can’t last ) 虚幻的幸福 fool around: to waste time instead of doing sth. you should be doing Translate: 他整天闲逛 He fools around everyday. = He fools about everyday. Out with it: tell me about it. ("Out with it" is used when it seems very difficult to say sth.) 4. There's a dance up at Crosby's barn tonight, and Bill Fox, you know him, ma'am, he works in Paxley's garage he's asked me to go. (para2) It turned out that Thelma just wanted to ask for the permission to go to the dance with her boyfriend up at Crosby's barn: "Up" here indicates direction, usu. we mean north of, here we can understand it as "up north". “Garage” here refers to a place where motor vehicles (机动车辆) are repaired. 5. We-ll, I don't know. (para3) Well, I'm not sure whether I should let you go or not. "I don't know" is often used when you disagree slightly or feel slightly annoyed or uncertain. Mrs. Kent obviously treated Thelma as a child who did not know what was right and what was wrong, and therefore considered herself responsible for her housemaid's
proper upbringing. People today would find this kind of attitude condescending and totally unacceptable 6. Why, he's that delicate -like.(para4 In spoken English, the adverb that"can replace " so the pattern ,e.g. I was that tired(that)I could not lift my legs Delicate: easily damaged or broken; small and having a beautiful shape or appearance, finely made; need ing careful or sensitive handling Translate: delicate china teacups The eye is one of the most delicate organs of the body Babies have very delicate skin her delicate hands Women are treated like delicate flowers need ing special treatment the delicate mechanisms of a clock a delicate situation delicate -like could be understood as he is very sensitive to what is pro 7. He gave me a set of books called Greek Myth-mythic-mythiologgio, that's it! It should be"mythology ", but the maid could not remember exactly what it was and just came out with sth. close to it. It suggests that Thelma, the maid, was uneducated 8. That makes him perfectly respectable, Thelma, does it?(para9) Notice that in this tag-question, "does"is used rather than"doesn,'t". This is so because the expected answer is yes The whole sentence means"Oh, I see. So that makes him perfectly respectable respectable Respectable( worthy of respect or esteem citizens obey the laws He earns quite a respectable (considerable in amount,nu or size) Income He behaved in a respectful (showing respect ) way respe ting: with respect to; as to/ for Respecting your problem, we'll come to a decision later The three men were given work according to their respective (belonging or relating separately to each of the people or things already mentioned abilities The first and second prizes went to John and James respectively. (in the same rder as the people or things already mentioned 9. I wouldn 't go out with him, unless he was-not when I'm working for you. (para10) I wouldn't go out with him unless he was a decent guy. I wouldn't do that so long as I'm working for you because I don't want to bring shame to such a respectable family The idea that the behavior of a servant is the concern of the master conventional, almost med ieval. No wonder the daughter felt stifled in this family
5 proper upbringing. People today would find this kind of attitude condescending and totally unacceptable. 6. Why, he's that delicate-like. (para4) In spoken English, the adverb "that" can replace "so" in the pattern "so...that...",e.g. I was that tired (that) I could not lift my legs. Delicate: easily damaged or broken; small and having a beautiful shape or appearance; finely made; needing careful or sensitive handling Translate: delicate china teacups The eye is one of the most delicate organs of the body. Babies have very delicate skin. her delicate hands Women are treated like delicate flowers needing special treatment. the delicate mechanisms of a clock a delicate situation delicate-like could be understood as he is very sensitive to what is proper 7. He gave me a set of books called Greek Myth-mythic-mythiologgio, that's it! (para8) (Note2, p203) It should be "mythology", but the maid could not remember exactly what it was, and just came out with sth. close to it. It suggests that Thelma, the maid, was uneducated. 8. That makes him perfectly respectable, Thelma, does it? (para9) Notice that in this tag-question," does" is used rather than "doesn't". This is so because the expected answer is yes. The whole sentence means "Oh, I see. So that makes him perfectly respectable." respectable: Respectable（ worthy of respect or esteem ）citizens obey the laws. He earns quite a respectable （considerable in amount, number, or size）income. respectful: He behaved in a respectful （showing respect）way. respecting: with respect to; as to/ for Respecting your problem, we’ll come to a decision later. respective: The three men were given work according to their respective （belonging or relating separately to each of the people or things already mentioned）abilities. The first and second prizes went to John and James respectively. (in the same order as the people or things already mentioned） 9. I wouldn't go out with him, unless he was-not when I'm working for you. (para10) I wouldn't go out with him unless he was a decent guy. I wouldn't do that so long as I'm working for you because I don't want to bring shame to such a respectable family. The idea that the behavior of a servant is the concern of the master is very conventional, almost medieval. No wonder the daughter felt stifled in this family