NearbywastheBayofNaples,anarmoftheblueMediterranean.(para.3)2Explaintheuseoftheword"arm"here.Analyzethestructureofthesentence.anarmofsth:alongandnarrowareaof landorwaterthatisjoinedtoabroaderareaThisis ametaphoricaluseof thewordarm",meaninganythinglookingorfunctioninglikethearmofahumanbeingMoreexamplesatthefootofmountainatthemouthoftheriver.anearof corn,achairwiththreelegs,theheartofthefinancialcenter
■ 2. Nearby was the Bay of Naples, an arm of the blue Mediterranean. (para. 3) ■ Explain the use of the word “arm” here. Analyze the structure of the sentence. ■ an arm of sth: a long and narrow area of land or water that is joined to a broader area ■ This is a metaphorical use of the word “arm”, meaning anything looking or functioning like the arm of a human being ■ More examples: ■ at the foot of mountain, at the mouth of the river, an ear of corn, a chair with three legs, the heart of the financial center
3.RichmencamedownfromwealthyRometobuildseasidevillas.(para.3)Explain“down"andoffermoreexamplesdown:Hereitmeansmovingfroma big city.It canalsomean"inortowardsouth"e.g.Theydroveall thewaydownfromWuhantoGuangzhouHousesaremoreexpensivedownsouth
■ 3. Rich men came down from wealthy Rome to build seaside villas. (para. 3) ■ Explain “down” and offer more examples. ■ down: Here it means moving from a big city. It can also mean “in or toward south”, e.g. ■ They drove all the way down from Wuhan to Guangzhou. ■ Houses are more expensive down south
4.Risingbehindthecitywasthe4,ooO-footMountVesuvius,agrass-coveredslopewheretheshepherdsofPompeiitooktheirgoatstograze.(para.3)Analyzethesentencestructure.Thesubjectis“the4,ooo-footMountVesuvius
■ 4. Rising behind the city was the 4,000-foot Mount Vesuvius, a grass-covered slope where the shepherds of Pompeii took their goats to graze. (para. 3) ■ Analyze the sentence structure. ■ The subject is “the 4,000-foot Mount Vesuvius