Main properties of clonal Selection(Burnet, 1978) x Elimination of self antigens x Proliferation and differentiation on contact of mature lymphocytes w ith antigen x Restriction of one pattern to one differentiated cell and retention of that pattern by clonal descendants x Generation of new random genetic changes subsequently expressed as diverse antibody patterns a form of accelerated somatic mutation
Main Properties of Clonal Selection (Burnet, 1978) Elimination of self antigens Proliferation and differentiation on contact of mature lymphocytes with antigen Restriction of one pattern to one differentiated cell and retention of that pattern by clonal descendants; Generation of new random genetic changes, subsequently expressed as diverse antibody patterns by a form of accelerated somatic mutation
T-cells ---一-----一-·一-一 xx Regulation of other cells x Active in the immune response e Helper T-cells ◆ Killer T-cells MHC-II Protein APC Peptide T-cell TH cel MH/peptide complex
T-cells Regulation of other cells Active in the immune response Helper T-cells Killer T-cells T-cell TCR
Reinforcement Learning and Immune memory xx Repeated exposure to an antigen throughout a lifetime xx Primary, secondary immune responses x Remembers encounters t No need to start from scratch ◆ Memory cells x Associative memory
Reinforcement Learning and Immune Memory Repeated exposure to an antigen throughout a lifetime Primary, secondary immune responses Remembers encounters No need to start from scratch Memory cells Associative memory
Learning( 2) Primary Response Secondary Response Cross-Reactive 1+Re30 Lag Lac Response Response to ag to Agr Re esponse to AgI Response to Time Antigen Agr Antigens Antigen Agl, Ag Ag1 Ag
Learning (2) Antigen Ag1 Antigens Ag1, Ag2 Primary Response Secondary Response Lag Response to Ag1 Antibody Concentration Time Lag Response to Ag2 Response to Ag1 ... ... Cross-Reactive Response ... ... Antigen Ag1 + Ag3 Response to Ag1 + Ag3 Lag
Immune Network Theory x Idiotypic network(Jerne, 1974) xB cells co-stimulate each other o Treat each other a bit like antigens x Creates an immunological memory Suppre Negative response Paratope Ag Idiotope 3 Antibody Activation Positive response
Immune Network Theory Idiotypic network (Jerne, 1974) B cells co-stimulate each other Treat each other a bit like antigens Creates an immunological memory 1 2 3 Ag Activation Positive response Suppression Negative response Antibody Paratope Idiotope