《Dictionary of Engineering》McGraw-Hill，Dictionary of Engineering，Second Edition，2003.2ed.pdf_P36-P40

angular advance angle of external friction [ENG] The angle be- angle paddle [ENG] A hand tool used to finish tween the abscissa and the tangent of the curve a plastered surface. { aŋgəl padəl } representing the relationship of shearing resist- angle plate [DES ENG] An L-shaped plate or a ance to normal stress acting between soil and plate having an angular section. { aŋgəl pla¯t } the surface of another material. Also known as angle post [BUILD] A railing support used at a angle of wall friction. { aŋgəl əvekstərnəl landing or other break in the stairs. { aŋgəl frikshən } po¯ st } angle of fall [MECH] The vertical angle at the angle press [MECH ENG] A hydraulic plasticslevel point, between the line of fall and the base molding press with both horizontal and vertical of the trajectory. { aŋgəl əv fo˙ l } rams; used to produce complex moldings with angle of impact [MECH] The acute angle be- deep undercuts. { aŋgəl press } tween the tangent to the trajectory at the point angle rafter [BUILD] A rafter, such as a hip rafter, of impact of a projectile and the plane tangent at the angle of the roof. { aŋgəl raftər } to the surface of the ground or target at the point angle section [CIV ENG] A structural steel memof impact. { aŋgəl əv impakt } ber having an L-shaped cross section. { aŋgəl angle of nip [MECH ENG] The largest angle that sekshən } will just grip a lump between the jaws, rolls, or angle-stem thermometer [ENG] A device used mantle and ring of a crusher. Also known as to measure temperatures in oil-custody tanks; angle of bite; nip. { aŋgəl əv nip } the angle of the calibrated stem may be 90 or angle of obliquity See angle of pressure. { aŋgəl greater to the sensitive portion of the thermome- əv o¯ blikwəde¯ } ter, as needed to fit the tank shell contour. angle of orientation [MECH] Of a projectile in { aŋgəl ¦stem thərma¨mədər } flight, the angle between the plane determined angle stile [BUILD] A narrow strip of wood used by the axis of the projectile and the tangent to conceal the joint between a wall and a vertical to the trajectory (direction of motion), and the wood surface which makes an angle with the vertical plane including the tangent to the trajec- wall, as at the edge of a corner cabinet. { aŋ tory. { aŋgəl əv o˙re¯ənta¯shən} gəl stı¯l } angle of pressure [DES ENG] The angle be- angle structure [CIV ENG] A method of building tween the profile of a gear tooth and a radial a tower for mechanical strength in which braces line at its pitch point. Also known as angle of are placed at angles with respect to the vertical obliquity. { aŋgəl əv preshər } support rods. { aŋgəl strəkchər } angle of recess [MECH ENG] The angle that is angle strut [CIV ENG] An angle-shaped structurned through by either of two wheels in gear, tural member which is designed to carry a comfrom the coincidence of the pitch points of a pair pression load. { aŋgəl strət } of teeth until the last point of contact of the angle valve [DES ENG] A manually operated teeth. { aŋgəl əv re¯ses } valve with its outlet opening oriented at right angle of repose [ENG] See angle of rest. angles to its inlet opening; used for regulating [MECH] The angle between the horizontal and the flow of a fluid in a pipe. { aŋgəl valv } the plane of contact between two bodies when angle variable [MECH] The dynamical variable the upper body is just about to slide over the w conjugate to the action variable J, defined only lower. Also known as angle of friction. { aŋ for periodic motion. { aŋgəl vere¯əbəl } gəl əvripo¯z } angling dozer See angle dozer. { aŋgliŋ do¯zər } angle of rest [ENG] The maximum slope at angstrom [MECH] A unit of length, 1010 meter, which a heap of any loose or fragmented solid used primarily to express wavelengths of optical material will stand without sliding, or will come spectra. Abbreviated A; A˚ . Also known as to rest when poured or dumped in a pile or on tenthmeter. { aŋstrəm } a slope. Also known as angle of repose. { aŋ A˚ngstro¨m compensation pyrheliometer [ENG] gəl əv rest } A pyrheliometer consisting of two identical Manangle of thread [DES ENG] The angle occurring ganin strips, one shaded, the other exposed to between the sides of a screw thread, measured sunlight; an electrical current is passed through in an axial plane. { aŋgəl əv thred } the shaded strip to raise its temperature to that angle of torsion [MECH] The angle through of the exposed strip, and the electric power rewhich a part of an object such as a shaft or wire quired to accomplish this is a measure of the is rotated from its normal position when a torque solar radiation. { o˙ ŋstrəm ka¨mpənsa¯shən is applied. Also known as angle of twist. { aŋ ¦pı¯rhe¯le¯a¨mədər } gəl əv to˙rshən } angular acceleration [MECH] The time rate of angle of twist See angle of torsion. { aŋgəl əvchange of angular velocity. { aŋgyələr aksel twist } əra¯shən } angle of wall friction See angle of external friction. angular accelerometer [ENG] An accelerome- { aŋgəl əv ¦wo˙ l frikshən } ter that measures the rate of change of angular angle of wrap [DES ENG] On a band brake velocity between two objects under observation. mechanism, the distance, expressed in degrees, { aŋgyələr akseləra¨mədər } that the brake band wraps around the brake angular advance [MECH ENG] The amount by flange. { aŋgəl əv rap } which the angle between the crank of a steam 25

angular bitstalk engine and the virtual crank radius of the eccen- change of angular displacement. { aŋgyələr tric exceeds a right angle. Also known as angle vəla¨səde¯ } of advance; angular lead. { aŋgyələr ədvans } angulator [ENG] An instrument for converting angular bitstalk See angular bitstock. { aŋgyə angles measured on an oblique plane to their lər bitsto˙ k } corresponding projections on a horizontal plane; angular bitstock [MECH ENG] A bitstock whose the rectoblique plotter and the photoangulator handles are positioned to permit its use in cor- are types. { aŋgyəla¯dər } ners and other cramped areas. Also known as aniline point [CHEM ENG] The minimum temangular bitstalk. { aŋgyələr bitsta¨ k } perature for a complete mixing of aniline and angular clearance [DES ENG] The relieved materials such as gasoline; used in some specifi- space located below the straight of a die, to cations to indicate the aromatic content of oils permit passage of blanks or slugs. { aŋgyələr and to calculate approximate heat of combus- klirəns } tion. { anələn po˙ int } angular-contact bearing [MECH ENG] A rolling- animal balance [ENG] A balance designed to contact antifriction bearing designed to carry weigh living animals, with a readout or display heavy thrust loads and also radial loads. { aŋ relatively unaffected by the pulse or movements gyələr ka¨ntakt beriŋ } of the animal. { anəməl baləns } angular cutter [MECH ENG] A tool-steel cutter animal power [MECH ENG] The time rate at used for finishing surfaces at angles greater or which muscular work is done by a work animal, less than 90 with its axis of rotation. { angyə such as a horse, bullock, or elephant. { anə lər kədər } məl pau˙ər } angular error of closure See error of closure. anisotropic membrane [CHEM ENG] An ultrafil- { angyələr erər əv klo¯zhər } tration membrane which has a thin skin at the angular gear [MECH ENG] A gear that transmits separating surface and is supported by a spongy motion between two rotating shafts that are not sublayer of membrane material. { ¦anı¯sə¦tra¨p parallel. Also known as angle gear. { angyə ik membra¯n } lər ge¯r } anker [MECH] A unit of capacity equal to 10 U.S. angular impulse [MECH] The integral of the gallons (37.854 liters); used to measure liquids, torque applied to a body over time. { angyə especially honey, oil, vinegar, spirits, and wine. lər impəls } { aŋkər } angular lead See angular advance. { aŋgyələr anneal [ENG] To treat a metal, alloy, or glass le¯d } with heat and then cool to remove internal angular length [MECH] A length expressed in stresses and to make the material less brittle. the unit of the length per radian or degree of a Also known as temper. { əne¯l } specified wave. { aŋgyələr leŋkth } annealing furnace [ENG] A furnace for anneal- angular milling [MECH ENG] Milling surfaces ing metals or glass. Also known as annealing that are flat and at an angle to the axis of the oven. { əne¯liŋ fərnəs } spindle of the milling machine. { aŋgyələr annealing oven See annealing furnace. { əne¯liŋ miliŋ } əvən } angular momentum [MECH] 1. The cross prod- annealing point [THERMO] The temperature at uct of a vector from a specified reference point to which the viscosity of a glass is 1013.0 poises. a particle, with the particle’s linear momentum. Also known as annealing temperature; 13.0 tem- Also known as moment of momentum. 2. For a perature. { əne¯liŋ po˙ int } system of particles, the vector sum of the angular momenta (first definition) of the particles. annealing temperature See annealing point. { əne¯liŋ temprəchər } { aŋgyələr məmentəm } angular pitch [DES ENG] The angle determined annual cost comparison [IND ENG] A method by the length along the pitch circle of a gear of selecting from among several alternative projbetween successive teeth. { ects or courses of action on the basis of their aŋgyələr pich } angular rate See angular speed. { annual costs, including depreciation. { anyə aŋgyələr ra¯t } angular shear wəl ko˙ st kəmparəsən } [MECH ENG] A shear effected by two cutting edges inclined to each other to re- annular auger [DES ENG] A ring-shaped boring duce the force needed for shearing. { aŋgyə tool which cuts an annular channel, leaving the lər she core intact. { anyələr o˙ gər } ¯r } angular speed [MECH] Change of direction per annular gear [DES ENG] A gear having a cylinunit time, as of a target on a radar screen, without drical form. { anyələr gir } regard to the direction of the rotation axis; in annular nozzle [DES ENG] A nozzle with a ringother words, the magnitude of the angular veloc- shaped orifice. { anyələr na¨zəl } ity vector. Also known as angular rate. { aŋ annular section [ENG] The open space between gyələr spe¯d } two concentric tubes, pipes, or vessels. { an angular travel error [MECH] The error which is yələr sekshən } introduced into a predicted angle obtained by annunciator [ENG] A signaling apparatus which multiplying an instantaneous angular velocity by operates electromagnetically and serves to india time of flight. { aŋgyələr travəl erər } cate visually, or visually and audibly, whether a angular velocity [MECH] The time rate of current is flowing, has flowed, or has changed 26

antiresonance direction of flow in one or more circuits. overlaid on a hard, resistant one. { ante¯frik { ənənse¯a¯dər } shən mətire¯əl } anode [ELEC] The terminal at which current en- anti-g suit See g suit. { ¦ante¯¦je¯ su¨t } ters a primary cell or storage battery; it is positive antiknock blending value [ENG] The numerical with respect to the device, and negative with improvement by an antiknock additive to gasorespect to the external circuit. [ELECTR] line octane, often a greater amount than the 1. The collector of electrons in an electron tube. additive’s own octane value. { ante¯na¨ k Also known as plate; positive electrode. 2. In a blendiŋ valyu¨ } semiconductor diode, the terminal toward which antiknock rating [ENG] Measurement of the forward current flows from the external circuit. ability of an automotive gasoline to resist deto- { ano¯ d } nation or pinging in spark-ignited engines. anode current [ELECTR] The electron current { ante¯na¨ k ra¯diŋ } flowing through an electron tube from the cath- antilock braking system [MECH ENG] For vehiode to the anode. Also known as plate current. cles, a sensor-control system found in braking { ano¯ d kərənt } systems which prevents wheel lockup while anomalous expansion [THERMO] An increase allowing the brakes to continue slowing the in the volume of a substance that results from wheel. Abbreviated ABS. { ¦ante¯la¨ k bra¯ kiŋ a decrease in its temperature, such as is dis- sistəm } played by water at temperatures between 0 and antimagnetic [ENG] Constructed so as to avoid 4C (32 and 39F). { əna¨mələs ikspanshən } the influence of magnetic fields, usually by the anomaly finder [ENG] A computer-controlled use of nonmagnetic materials and by magnetic data-plotting system used on ships to measure shielding. { ante¯magnedik } and record seismic, gravity, magnetic, and other antinoise microphone [ENG ACOUS] Microgeophysical data and water depth, time, course, phone with characteristics which discriminate and speed. { əna¨məle¯ fı¯ndər } against acoustic noise. { ¦ante¯¦no˙ iz mikrə anonymous dimensionless group 1–4 [CHEM fo¯ n } ENG] Four of the dimensionless groups, used antiozonant [CHEM ENG] A protective agent to solve problems in transfer processes, gas ab- which can be added to rubber during processing sorption in wetted-wall columns, and laminar to diminish the deteriorating effects of ozone. boundary-layer flow. { əna¨nəməs di¦men { ante¯o¯zənənt } shənləs gru¨ p ¦wən tə ¦fo˙r } antipercolator [MECH ENG] In an automotive antenna circuit [ELECTR] A complete electric engine, a valve in the carburetor that is designed circuit which includes an antenna. { antenə to vent vapor when the throttle plate is closed; sərkət } prevents fuel from dropping into the carburetor antenna tilt error [ENG] Angular difference be- due to unvented pressure. { ante¯pərkə tween the tilt angle of a radar antenna shown la¯dər } on a mechanical indicator, and the electrical cen- antiquing [ENG] 1. Producing a rich glow on the ter of the radar beam. { antenə tilt erər } surface of a leather by applying stain, wax, or anticathode [ELECTR] The anode or target of an oil, allowing it to set, and rubbing or brushing the x-ray tube, on which the stream of electrons from leather. 2. A technique of handling wet paint the cathode is focused and from which x-rays to expose parts of the undercoat, by combing, are emitted. { ¦ante¯katho¯ d } graining, or marbling. Also known as brokenantichlor [CHEM ENG] A chemical used in the color work. { ante¯ kiŋ } manufacture of paper or textiles to remove ex- antirad [CHEM ENG] An inhibitor incorporated cess chlorine or bleaching solution. { ¦an into rubber during manufacturing to reduce the tiklo˙r } degrading effects of radiation. { ¦ante¦rad } anticollision radar [ENG] A radar set designed antiradar coating [ENG] A surface treatment to give warning of possible collisions during used to reduce the reflection of electromagnetic movements of ships or aircraft. { ante¯kəli waves so as to avoid radar detection. { ante¯ra¯ zhən ra¯da¨r } da¨r ¦ko¯ diŋ } anticreeper [CIV ENG] A device attached to a antirattle spring [MECH ENG] In an automotive railroad rail to prevent it from moving in the vehicle, a spring installed to hold parts in the direction of its length. { ante¯kre¯pər } clutches and the disk brakes together; prevents antidieseling solenoid See idle-stop solenoid. rattling. { ante¯radəl spriŋ } { anti¦de¯zəliŋ so¯ləno˙ id } anti-redeposition agent [CHEM ENG] An addiantifriction [MECH] Making friction smaller in tive used in a detergent to help prevent soil from magnitude. [MECH ENG] Employing a rolling resettling on a fabric after it has been removed contact instead of a sliding contact. { ante¯ during washing. { ¦ante¯re¯depəzishən a¯ frikshən} jənt } antifriction bearing [MECH ENG] Any bearing antireflection coating [ENG] The application of having the capability of reducing friction effec- a thin film of dielectric material to a surface to tively. { ante¯frikshən beriŋ } reduce its reflection and to increase its transmisantifriction material [ENG] A machine element sion of light or other electromagnetic radiation. made of Babbitt metal, lignum vitae, rubber, or { ante¯riflekshən ko¯ diŋ } a combination of a soft, easily deformable metal antiresonance [ELEC] See parallel resonance. 27

antiskid plate ENG The condition for which the impedance apparent See acceleration of gravity a given electric, acoustic, or dynamic system a pa-ront 'grav-ad-e See relative motion. I parant uch as boxes in a freight car, to prevent acting on the body: equal in magnitude to the ze the formation of rings of d weight of the displaced fluid. I s pa rant'wa device MECH ENG A piece of equip- ap A piece of equip down theft; designs include desired work-saving or other result such as an electric heater, a radio, or an electronic range off the ignition systen appliance panel ENG In electric systems, a anvil ENGI 1. The part of a such as fuses) for protection against excessive or sharp force or The stationary end of a micrometer AOQL See average outgoing quality limit. ENGI Research directed to create situations that tance L, and capacitance C when R-C= 41 practical or utilitarian purpose. ne to provide a basic under rent applied project. [ plid strs'te-iik ri opening used in a densitometer to vary the nount of light or the area to be measured I'ap-a, chor disk plied to the face or sides of a frame, such as a ex ENG In architecture or construction, the ghest point, peak, or tip of any structure. A ng an engineer of a signal ahead that dis lays a restrictive indication. I a proch sig- f the specific gravity of liquids; used in the American petroleum industry. i aipe oach vector CoNT SYS A vector that de apophorometer lENGI An apparatus used to proaches apothecaries dram See dram. I>path-a, ker-iz of sink 2. The vertical aries'ounce See ounce. I apath a, ker- concrete slab extending beyond the face of a apothecaries'pound See pound. a' patha, ker- skirt; skirting. 4. A vertical panel installed lavatory. apparent expansion ITHERMoI The expansion r the like use set aduated container without the containers expansion. at the bottom of a da apparent force MECHI a are the Coriolis force and the centrifugal force structure that carries tracks and is hinged to land incorporated in gravity. Iapa ront 'fors for connecting the deck of a railroad-car ferry 28

antiskid plate [ENG] The condition for which the impedance apparent gravity See acceleration of gravity. of a given electric, acoustic, or dynamic system { əparənt gravəde¯ } is very high, approaching infinity. { ante¯rez apparent motion See relative motion. { əparənt ənəns } mo¯shən } antiskid plate [ENG] A sheet of metal roughed apparent source See effective center. { əparənt on both sides and placed between piled objects, so˙rs } such as boxes in a freight car, to prevent sliding. apparent weight [MECH] For a body immersed { ¦ante¯¦skid ¦pla¯t } in a fluid (such as air), the resultant of the graviantismudge ring [BUILD] A frame attached tational force and the buoyant force of the fluid around a ceiling-mounted air diffuser, to mini- acting on the body; equal in magnitude to the mize the formation of rings of dirt on the ceiling. true weight minus the weight of the displaced { ¦ante¯¦sməj riŋ } fluid. { əparənt wa¯t } antitheft device [MECH ENG] A piece of equip- appliance [ENG] A piece of equipment that ment installed on an automotive vehicle in order draws electric or other energy and produces a to prevent or slow down theft; designs include desired work-saving or other result, such as an mechanical locks on the steering wheel and igni- electric heater, a radio, or an electronic range. tion switch as well as other means of shutting { əplı¯əns } off the ignition system, shutting off fuel flow, or appliance panel [ENG] In electric systems, a sounding an alarm. { ante¯theft divı¯s } metal housing containing two or more devices anvil [ENG] 1. The part of a machine that ab- (such as fuses) for protection against excessive sorbs the energy delivered by a sharp force or current in circuits which supply portable electric blow. 2. The stationary end of a micrometer appliances. { əplı¯əns panəl } caliper. { anvəl } applied research [ENG] Research directed to- AOQL See average outgoing quality limit. ward using knowledge gained by basic research aperiodic waves [ELEC] The transient current to make things or to create situations that will wave in a series circuit with resistance R, induc- serve a practical or utilitarian purpose. tance L, and capacitance C when R2 C 4L. { əplı¯d risərch } { ¦apire¯¦a¨dik wa¯ vz} applied strategic research [ENG] Research aperture [ELECTR] An opening through which done to provide a basic understanding of a cur- electrons, light, radio waves, or other radiation rent applied project. { əplı¯d strəte¯jik ri can pass. { apəchər } sərch } aperture disk [ENG] A disk with a small round applied trim [BUILD] Supplementary and sepa- opening used in a densitometer to vary the rate decorative strips of wood or moldings ap- amount of light or the area to be measured. plied to the face or sides of a frame, such as a { apəchər disk } doorframe. { əplı¯d trim } apex [ENG] In architecture or construction, the approach [MECH ENG] The difference between highest point, peak, or tip of any structure. the temperature of the water leaving a cooling { a¯peks } tower and the wet-bulb temperature of the sur- apical angle [MECH] The angle between the rounding air. { əpro¯ ch } tangents to the curve outlining the contour of a approach signal [CIV ENG] A railway signal projectile at its tip. { apikəl aŋgəl } warning an engineer of a signal ahead that dis- API scale [CHEM ENG] The American Petroleum plays a restrictive indication. { əpro¯ ch sig Institute hydrometer scale for the measurement nəl } of the specific gravity of liquids; used primarily approach vector [CONT SYS] A vector that de- in the American petroleum industry. { ¦a¯¦pe¯¦ı¯ ska scribes the orientation of a robot gripper and ¯l } apophorometer points in the direction from which the gripper [ENG] An apparatus used to approaches a workpiece. { əpro¯ ch vektər } identify minerals by sublimation. { apə apron [BUILD] 1. A board on an interior wall fəra¨mədər } apothecaries’ dram See dram. { əpa beneath a windowsill. 2. The vertical rear panel ¨thəkere¯z dram } of a sink attached to a wall. 3. A section of a apothecaries’ ounce See ounce. { əpa¨thəker concrete slab extending beyond the face of a e¯z au˙ ns } building on adjacent ground. Also known as apothecaries’ pound See pound. { əpa¨thəker skirt; skirting. 4. A vertical panel installed bee hind a sink or lavatory. [CIV ENG] 1. A hard- ¯z pau˙ nd } apparent expansion [THERMO] The expansion surfaced area, usually paved, adjacent to a ship of a liquid with temperature, as measured in a or the like, used to park, load, unload, or service graduated container without taking into account vehicles. 2. A covering of a material such as the container’s expansion. { əparənt ikspan concrete or timber over soil to prevent erosion shən } by flowing water, as at the bottom of a dam. apparent force [MECH] A force introduced in a 3. A concrete or wooden shield that is situated relative coordinate system in order that New- along the bank of a river, along a sea wall, or ton’s laws be satisfied in the system; examples below a dam. 4. In a railroad system, a bridge are the Coriolis force and the centrifugal force structure that carries tracks and is hinged to land incorporated in gravity. { əparənt fo˙rs } for connecting the deck of a railroad-car ferry 28

architectural engineering to the shore. [MECH ENG] A plate serving to readings obtained on that part of the arc beginprotect or cover a machine. { a¯prən } ning at zero and extending in the direction usuapron conveyor [MECH ENG] A conveyor used ally considered positive are popularly said to for carrying granular or lumpy material and con- be on the arc, and those beginning at zero and sisting of two strands of roller chain separated by extending in the opposite direction are said to overlapping plates, forming the carrying surface, be off the arc. { a¨rk } with sides 2–6 inches (5–15 centimeters) high. arc force [MECH] The force of a plasma arc through a nozzle or opening. { a¨rk fo˙rs } { a¯prən kənva¯ər } arch [CIV ENG] A structure curved and so de- apron feeder [MECH ENG] A limited-length ver- signed that when it is subjected to vertical loads, sion of apron conveyor used for controlled-rate its two end supports exert reaction forces with feeding of pulverized materials to a process or inwardly directed horizontal components; com- packaging unit. Also known as plate-belt mon uses for the arch are as a bridge, support feeder; plate feeder. { a¯prən fe¯dər } for a roadway or railroad track, or part of a build- apron flashing [BUILD] 1. The flashing that cov- ing. { a¨rch } ers the joint between a vertical surface and a arch band [CIV ENG] Any narrow elongated sur- sloping roof, as at the lower edge of a chimney. face forming part of or connected with an arch. 2. The flashing that diverts water from a vertical { a¨rch band } surface into a gutter. { a¯prən flashiŋ } arch bar [BUILD] 1. A curved chimney bar. apron lining [BUILD] The piece of boarding 2. A curved bar in a window sash. { a¨rch bar } which covers the rough apron piece of a stair- arch beam [CIV ENG] A curved beam, used in case. { a¯prən lı¯niŋ } construction, with a longitudinal section apron piece [BUILD] A beam that supports a bounded by two arcs having different radii and landing or a series of winders in a staircase. centers of curvature so that the beam cross sec- { a¯prən pe¯s } tion is larger at either end than at the center. apron rail [BUILD] A lock rail having a raised { a¨rch be¯m } ornamental molding. { a¯prən ra¯l } arch brace [BUILD] A curved brace, usually apron wall [BUILD] In an exterior wall, a panel used in pairs to support a roof frame and give which extends downward from a windowsill to the effect of an arch. { a¨rch bra¯s } the top of a window below. { a¯prən wo˙ l } arch bridge [CIV ENG] A bridge having arches AQL See acceptable quality level. as the main supports. { a¨rch brij } aqualung [ENG] A self-contained underwater arch center [CIV ENG] A temporary structure for breathing apparatus (scuba) of the demand or support of the parts of a masonry or concrete open-circuit type developed by J.Y. Cousteau. arch during its construction. { a¨rch ¦sentər } { akwələŋ } arch corner bead [BUILD] A corner bead which aqueduct [CIV ENG] An artificial tube or chan- is cut on the job; used to form and reinforce the nel for conveying water. { curved portion of arch openings. { a¨rch ¦ko˙r akwədəkt } arbitration nər be¯d } [IND ENG] A semijudicial means of settling labor-management disputes in which arch dam [CIV ENG] A dam having a curved face both sides agree to be bound by the decision of on the downstream side, the curve being roughly a portion of a cylinder whose axis is vertical. one or more neutral persons selected by some method mutually agreed upon. { { a¨rch dam } arbətra¯ arched construction [BUILD] A method of con- shən } struction relying on arches and vaults to support arbor [MECH ENG] 1. A cylindrical device posi- walls and floors. { ¦a¨rcht kənstrəkshən } tioned between the spindle and outer bearing arch girder [CIV ENG] A normal H-section steel of a milling machine and designed to hold a girder bent to a circular shape. { a¨rch gərdər } milling cutter. 2. A shaft or spindle used to arch-gravity dam [CIV ENG] An arch dam stabi- hold a revolving cutting tool or the work to be lized by gravity due to great mass and breadth cut. { arbər } of the base. { a¨rch ¦gravəde¯ dam } arbor collar [ENG] A cylindrical spacer that Archimedes’ screw [MECH ENG] A device for positions and secures a revolving cutter on an raising water by means of a rotating broad- arbor. { arbər ka¨lər } threaded screw or spirally bent tube within an arbor hole [DES ENG] A hole in a revolving cut- inclined hollow cylinder. { ¦a¨rkə¦me¯de¯z skru¨ } ter or grinding wheel for mounting it on an arbor. arching [CIV ENG] 1. The transfer of stress from { a¨rbər ho¯ l } a yielding part of a soil mass to adjoining less- arbor press [MECH ENG] A machine used for yielding or restrained parts of the mass. 2. A forcing an arbor or a mandrel into drilled or system of arches. 3. The arched part of a struc- bored parts preparatory to turning or grinding. ture. { a¨rchiŋ } Also known as mandrel press. { a¨rbər pres } architectural acoustics [CIV ENG] The science arbor support [ENG] A device to support the of planning and building a structure to ensure outer end or intermediate point of an arbor. the most advantageous flow of sound to all lis- { a¨rbər səpo˙rt } teners. { ¦a¨rkə¦tekchərəl əku¨stiks } arc See electric arc.The graduated scale of an instru- architectural engineering [CIV ENG] The branch ment for measuring angles, as a marine sextant; of engineering dealing primarily with building 29