altitude chamber determined by rotation about a vertical axis and of specified sizes established as a standard in notors must move the tel Also k sed for bolts, nuts, and machine screws. which the air pressure, tempe tem drill See churn drill. I altitude curve ENG The arc of a vertical circle sphere, measured upward from the horizon.tons-3z JENGI which heights are reckoned. [.to, tud dad- known fference ENGI The difference be- absorption-cycle refrigerator which uses omF ude intercept: intercept. an I'al-ta, tud'dif-ron ltitude difference. 'al tud refrigeration systems. I amon"yo alun apply a film of aluminum kom'pre An A-shaped arrangement of up- poles for supporting a mechanism designed the condensing system. ' mon ya kon'dens ambient ENGI Surrounding: especially, of or pertaining to the environment about a flying air- ammonia liquor ICHEM ENG Water solution of raft or other body but undisturbed or unaffected ammonia, ammonium compounds, and im rature es, obtained from destructive distillation of bi te uilding, s main entrance. (3 on ' bas nd CIV ENGI of a catalyst to form ammonia. I3'mon-ya'sin- kan ' band nmon bond isson See box caisson. [a'mer-a- American filter See disk filter. (a'-"fil EM I ety for Testing and Materials Method D87 paraf le as the primary product. als fin-wax melting point. a'mer-a-kan melt. in onoxidation; oxyamination. I INd ENG To reduce gradually an ot el CIV El amount limit IND ENG In a test for a fixe er-a-kan -rolled e work or the total amount of work that thread completed in an unlimited time. ( a'maunt mensions conform to those ofa n ead whose di-, lim-at I icular series amp See an ere. f amp 1 20
altitude chamber determined by rotation about a vertical axis and of specified sizes established as a standard in the corresponding altitude is determined by ro- the United States. Also known as Briggs pipe tation about a horizontal axis; computer-con- thread. { əmerəkən standərd pı¯p thred } trolled motors must move the telescope in both American standard screw thread [DES ENG] altitude and azimuth to compensate for the Screw thread whose dimensions conform to earth’s rotation. Also known as alt-azimuth those of a particular series of specified sizes esmounting. { ¦altətu¨ d azəməth mau˙ ntiŋ } tablished as a standard in the United States; altitude chamber [ENG] A chamber within used for bolts, nuts, and machine screws. which the air pressure, temperature, and so on { əmerəkən standərd skru¨ thred } can be adjusted to simulate conditions at differ- American system drill See churn drill. { əmerə ent altitudes; used for experimentation and test- kən ¦sistəm dril } ing. { altətu¨ d cha¯mbər } American Table of Distances [ENG] Published altitude curve [ENG] The arc of a vertical circle data concerning the safe storage of explosives between the horizon and a point on the celestial and ammunition. { əmerəkən ta¯bəl əv dis sphere, measured upward from the horizon. tənsəz } { altətu¨ d kərv} ammeter [ENG] An instrument for measuring altitude datum [ENG] The arbitrary level from the magnitude of electric current flow. Also which heights are reckoned. { altətu¨ d dad known as electric current meter. { ame¯dər } əm } ammonia absorption refrigerator [MECH ENG] altitude difference [ENG] The difference be- An absorption-cycle refrigerator which uses amtween computed and observed altitudes, or be- monia as the circulating refrigerant. { əmo¯ n tween precomputed and sextant altitudes. yə əb¦sorpshən rifrijəra¯dər } Also known as altitude intercept; intercept. ammonia compressor [MECH ENG] A device { altətu¨ d difrəns } that decreases the volume of a quantity of gasaltitude intercept See altitude difference. { al eous ammonia by the amplification of pressure; tətu¨ d intərsept } used in refrigeration systems. { əmo¯ nyə aluminize [ENG] To apply a film of aluminum kəmpresər } to a material, such as glass. { əlu¨ mənı¯z } ammonia condenser [MECH ENG] A device in AM See amplitude modulation. an ammonia refrigerating system that raises the A-mast [ENG] An A-shaped arrangement of up- pressure of the ammonia gas in the evaporating right poles for supporting a mechanism designed coil, conditions the ammonia, and delivers it to to lift heavy loads. { a¯ mast } the condensing system. { əmo¯ nyə kəndens ambient [ENG] Surrounding; especially, of or ər } pertaining to the environment about a flying air- ammonia liquor [CHEM ENG] Water solution of craft or other body but undisturbed or unaffected ammonia, ammonium compounds, and impuriby it, as in ambient air or ambient temperature. ties, obtained from destructive distillation of bi- { ambe¯ənt } tuminous coal. { əmo¯ nyə likər } American basement [BUILD] A basement lo- ammonia meter [ENG] A hydrometer designed cated above ground level and containing the specifically to determine the density of aqueous building’s main entrance. { əmerəkən ba¯s ammonia solutions. { əmo¯nyə me¯dər } mənt } ammonia synthesis [CHEM ENG] Chemical American bond [CIV ENG] A bond in which ev- combination of nitrogen and hydrogen gases at ery fifth, sixth, or seventh course of a wall con- high temperature and pressure in the presence sists of headers and the other courses consist of a catalyst to form ammonia. { əmo¯ nyə sin of stretchers. Also known as common bond; thəsəs } Scotch bond. { əmerəkən ba¨nd } ammonia valve [ENG] A valve that is resistant American caisson See box caisson. { əmerə to corrosion by ammonia. { əmo¯ nyə valv } kən ka¯sa¨n } ammonoxidation See ammoxidation. { a American filter See disk filter. { əmerəkən fil məna¨ ksəda¯shən } tər } ammoxidation [CHEM ENG] A process in which American melting point [CHEM ENG] A temper- mixtures of propylene, ammonia, and oxygen are ature 3F (1.7C) higher than the American Soci- converted in the presence of a catalyst, with acryety for Testing and Materials Method D87 paraf- lonitrile as the primary product. Also known as fin-wax melting point. { əmerəkən meltiŋ ammonoxidation; oxyamination. { ama¨ ksə po˙ int } da¯shən } American standard beam [CIV ENG] A type of I amortize [IND ENG] To reduce gradually an oblibeam made of hot-rolled structural steel. gation, such as a mortgage, by periodically pay- { əmerəkən standərd be¯m } ing a part of the principal as well as the interest. American standard channel [CIV ENG] A C- { amərtı¯z } shaped structural member made of hot-rolled amount limit [IND ENG] In a test for a fixed structural steel. { əmerəkən standərd quantity of work, the time required to complete chanəl } the work or the total amount of work that can American standard pipe thread [DES ENG] be completed in an unlimited time. { əmau˙ nt Taper, straight, or dryseal pipe thread whose di- limət } mensions conform to those of a particular series amp See amperage; ampere. { amp } 20
analytical centrifugation IELEC Current-carrying capacity in try, those systems of modulation in which rating for power lELECI The amount of electric cur- cies at carrier frequency plus f and carrier minus amylograph ENG second sys- flour pastes and the temperature at which they carying conductors. Abbreviated a: A, amp. wheh- serves npere-hour meter ENG A device that meas- analog ELECTR 1. A physic which point during a given period of time. I'am pir the proportional relationships mperometric transducer ENGI A transducer ertaining to devices, data, ci Sy pt at a selected electric potential with analog output Transducer output in the solution. am, pir a'me-trik tranz'du propor onal to a function of the stimulus. (an on a balance tha ointer, opposite a graduated scale which usually marked with numbers. ('an al he conditions that the plate curren am- pla. ka shan fak- tor I nal ELECTR A s mplification noise ELECTRI Noise generated equency in response to changes in sound, ligl in the vacu bes, transistors at, position, or pressure. i'an-pl, ag sig-nal circuits of an amplifier. I,- faka shan analog s LECTR| 1. A device that mplifier ENGI A device capable of the wave shape of the quantity. analog-to-digital portional discrete digital signals. I lan - aL, ag entually used to actuate the meter. i'am ] nal change in frequency. i an-al, ag ta amplitude or by raising its leve amplitude-frequency response See frequency re.in a vntage s ELECTR! A voltage that varies agnitude of a measured variable. Ian - al, ag 1-a-kal er otrT ated indicator. I'am pl, toid Imaj- a, lad-ad of 0. 1-0.0I milligram. I,an- on ELECTR) Abbreviated analytical centrifugation ENGI Centrifugation d suspensions; faster than filtration. th the intelligence to be transmitted. 2. In f an. al'id-a-kal sen, trif a' ga-shon
analytical centrifugation ampacity [ELEC] Current-carrying capacity in telemetry, those systems of modulation in which amperes; used as a rating for power cables. each component frequency f of the transmitted { ampasəde¯ } intelligence produces a pair of sideband frequenamperage [ELEC] The amount of electric cur- cies at carrier frequency plus f and carrier minus rent in amperes. Abbreviated amp. { am f. { amplətu¨ d majəla¯shən } prij } amylograph [ENG] An instrument used to ampere [ELEC] The unit of electric current in measure and record the viscosity of starch and the rationalized meter-kilogram-second sys- flour pastes and the temperature at which they tem of units; defined in terms of the force gelatinize. { əmı¯ləgraf } of attraction between two parallel current- analemma [CIV ENG] Any raised construction carrying conductors. Abbreviated a; A; amp. which serves as a support or rest. { an { ampir } əlemə } ampere-hour meter [ENG] A device that meas- analog [ELECTR] 1. A physical variable which ures the total electric charge that passes a given remains similar to another variable insofar as point during a given period of time. { ampir the proportional relationships are the same over ¦au˙ər me¯dər } some specified range; for example, a temperaamperometric transducer [ENG] A transducer ture may be represented by a voltage which is in which the concentration of a dissolved sub- its analog. 2. Pertaining to devices, data, cirstance is determined from the electric current cuits, or systems that operate with variables produced between two electrodes immersed in which are represented by continuously measthe test solution when one of the electrodes is ured voltages or other quantities. { anəla¨g } kept at a selected electric potential with respect analog output [CONT SYS] Transducer output in to the solution. { ampirə¦metrik tranzdu¯ which the amplitude is continuously proporsər } tional to a function of the stimulus. { an amphibious [MECH ENG] Said of vehicles or əla¨g au˙tpu˙t } equipment designed to be operated or used on analog readout [ENG] A scale on a balance that either land or water. { amfibe¯əs } continuously indicates measurement values by amplification factor [ELECTR] In a vacuum tube, the position of an index mark, either a line or the ratio of the incremental change in plate volt- a pointer, opposite a graduated scale which is age to a given small change in grid voltage, under usually marked with numbers. { anəla¨g the conditions that the plate current and all re¯dau˙t } other electrode voltages are held constant. analog signal [ELECTR] A nominally continu- { ampləfəka¯shən faktər } ous electrical signal that varies in amplitude or amplification noise [ELECTR] Noise generated frequency in response to changes in sound, light, in the vacuum tubes, transistors, or integrated heat, position, or pressure. { anəla¨g signəl } circuits of an amplifier. { ampləfəka¯shən analog switch [ELECTR] 1. A device that either no˙ iz } transmits an analog signal without distortion or amplifier [ENG] A device capable of increasing completely blocks it. 2. Any solid-state device, the magnitude or power level of a physical quan- with or without a driver, capable of bilaterally tity, such as an electric current or a hydraulic switching voltages or current. { anəla¨g mechanical force, that is varying with time, with- swich } out distorting the wave shape of the quantity. analog-to-digital converter [ELECTR] A device { ampləfı¯ər } which translates continuous analog signals into amplifier-type meter [ENG] An electric meter proportional discrete digital signals. { ¦anəla¨g whose characteristics have been enhanced by tə ¦dijətəl kənvərdər } the use of preamplification for the signal input analog-to-frequency converter [ELECTR] A eventually used to actuate the meter. { am converter in which an analog input in some form pləfı¯ər ¦tı¯p me¯dər } other than frequency is converted to a proporamplify [ENG ACOUS] To strengthen a signal by tional change in frequency. { ¦anəla¨g tə ¦fre¯ increasing its amplitude or by raising its level. kwənse¯ kənvərdər } { ampləfı¯ } analog voltage [ELECTR] A voltage that varies amplitude-frequency response See frequency re- in a continuous fashion in accordance with the sponse. { amplətu¨ d fre¯kwənse¯ rispa¨ns } magnitude of a measured variable. { anəla¨g amplitude-modulated indicator [ENG] A gen- vo¯ ltij } eral class of radar indicators, in which the sweep analytical aerotriangulation [ENG] Analytical of the electron beam is deflected vertically or phototriangulation, performed with aerial horizontally from a base line to indicate the exis- photographs. { anəlidəkəl ¦ero¯ trı¯aŋgyə tence of an echo from a target. Also known as la¯shən } deflection-modulated indicator; intensity-mod- analytical balance [ENG] A balance with a senulated indicator. { amplətu¨ d ¦ma¨jəla¯dəd sitivity of 0.1–0.01 milligram. { anəlidəkəl ¦indəka¯dər } baləns } amplitude modulation [ELECTR] Abbreviated analytical centrifugation [ENG] Centrifugation AM. 1. Modulation in which the aplitude of a following precipitation to separate solids from wave is the characteristic varied in accordance solid-liquid suspensions; faster than filtration. with the intelligence to be transmitted. 2. In { anəlidəkəl sentrifəga¯shən } 21
analytical nadir-point triangulation analytical nadir-point triangulation ENGI Rad- in place. ENGI A device, such as a metal rod. tin centers. I an- alid-a-kal ina, dir point CateC E s e st tae ilowing, as te icle means of a for rectification.{anl" id..kal,or·e·an'ta pe movement occurring as a result of thermal photogrammetry in whi anchorage CIV ENG 1. An area where a vessel fod-a'gram-a-tre does not occur. L an l'id-3-kol stag analytical phototriangulation ENGI A phototni. ancho ing of tendons by computational routines. the anchorage n-ky-ri de, for'm由n) town as an- ased on radar prediction lENGI Prediction anchorage slip See anchorage deformation, (ar 1 ty together with the aspect angle and range to shan arget. I, an-al'id-a-kal 'ra, dar pra'dik. as a result of the dis ginning. the region in which analytical radial triangulation ENGI Radial tri- transfer bond stresses are developed. I' ar-k eal tri, ar-gyo'la. anchor and collar DI gat hinge whose socket is attached to han ' rad-e-al tri, an. gyo'la-shan threaded part pr machinery in place. Also known as anchor rod. IGI One of a series of buoys upper charges are held down by anchors. 'an analyzer ENGI A multifunction test meter, The com cured to anchor phere the mi, the gene hold in water entering the enerator and loses some of its vapor content. anchor nut DES ENG A nut in the form of a 'ana NG A device metal plate or to the ground to hold the anchor pile IClv ENG A pil re the land side of a bulkhead or pier and anchors it 22
analytical nadir-point triangulation analytical nadir-point triangulation [ENG] Rad- in place. [ENG] A device, such as a metal rod, ial triangulation performed by computational wire,or strap, for fixing one object to another, routines in which nadir points are utilized as such as specially formed metal connectors used radial centers. { anəlidəkəl ¦nədir ¦po˙ int to fasten together timbers, masonry, or trusses. trı¯aŋgyəla¯shən } [MECH ENG] 1. In steam plowing, a vehicle loanalytical orientation [ENG] The computational cated on the side of the field opposite that of steps required to determine tilt, direction of prin- the engine and maintaining the tension on the cipal line, flight height, angular elements, and endless wire by means of a pulley. 2. A device linear elements in preparing aerial photographs for a piping system that maintains the correct for rectification. { anəlidəkəl o˙re¯ənta¯ position and direction of the pipes and controls shən } pipe movement occurring as a result of thermal analytical photogrammetry [ENG] A method of expansion. { aŋkər } photogrammetry in which solutions are obtained anchorage [CIV ENG] 1. An area where a vessel by mathematical methods. { anəlidəkəl anchors or may anchor because of either suitabil- fo¯ dəgramətre¯ } ity or designation. Also known as anchor staanalytical photography [ENG] Photography, ei- tion. 2. A device which anchors tendons to the ther motion picture or still, accomplished to de- posttensioned concrete member. 3. In pretentermine (by qualitative, quantitative, or any sioning, a device used to anchor tendons tempoother means) whether a particular phenomenon rarily during the hardening of the concrete. does or does not occur. { anəlidəkəl fəta¨g 4. See deadman. { aŋkərij } rəfe¯ } anchorage deformation [CIV ENG] The shortenanalytical phototriangulation [ENG] A phototri- ing of tendons due to their modification or slipangulation procedure in which the spatial solu- page when the prestressing force is transferred tion is obtained by computational routines. to the anchorage device. Also known as an- { anəlidəkəl fo¯ do¯ trı¯aŋgyəla¯shən } chorage slip. { aŋkərij de¯fo˙rma¯shən } analytical radar prediction [ENG] Prediction anchorage slip See anchorage deformation. { aŋ based on proven formulas, power tables, or kərij slip } graphs; considers surface height, structural and anchorage zone [CIV ENG] 1. In posttensioning, terrain information, and criteria for radar reflecti- the region adjacent to the anchorage for the vity together with the aspect angle and range to tendon which is subjected to secondary stresses the target. { anəlidəkəl ra¯da¨r prədik as a result of the distribution of the prestressing shən } force. 2. In pretensioning, the region in which analytical radial triangulation [ENG] Radial tri- transfer bond stresses are developed. { aŋkə angulation performed by computational rou- rij zo¯ n } tines. { anəlidəkəl ra¯de¯əl triaŋgyəla¯ anchor and collar [DES ENG] A door or gate shən } hinge whose socket is attached to an anchor analytical three-point resection radial triangula- embedded in the masonry. { aŋkər ən ka¨lər } tion [ENG] A method of computing the coor- anchor block [BUILD] A block of wood, replacdinates of the ground principal points of over- ing a brick in a wall to provide a nailing or fastenlapping aerial photographs by resecting on three ing surface. [CIV ENG] See deadman. { aŋ horizontal control points appearing in the over- kər bla¨ k } lap area. { anəlidəkəl ¦thre¯ ¦po˙ int re¯sek anchor bolt [CIV ENG] A bolt used with its head shən ra¯de¯əl triaŋgyəla¯shən } embedded in masonry or concrete and its analytical ultracentrifuge [ENG] An ultracentri- threaded part protruding to hold a structure or fuge that uses one of three optical systems machinery in place. Also known as anchor rod. (schlieren, Rayleigh, or absorption) for the accu- { aŋkər bo¯ lt } rate determination of sedimentation velocity anchor buoy [ENG] One of a series of buoys or equilibrium. { anəlidəkəl ¦əltrə¦sentrə marking the limits of an anchorage. { aŋkər fyu¨ j } bo˙ i } analytic mechanics [MECH] The application of anchor charge [ENG] A procedure that allows differential and integral calculus to classical several charges to be preloaded in a seismic shot (nonquantum) mechanics. { anəlidik mi hole; the bottom charges are fired first, and the kaniks } upper charges are held down by anchors. { aŋ analyzer [ENG] A multifunction test meter, kər cha¨rj } measuring volts, ohms, and amperes. Also anchored bulkhead [CIV ENG] A bulkhead seknown as set analyzer. [MECH ENG] The com- cured to anchor piles. { aŋkərd bəlkhed } ponent of an absorption refrigeration system anchor log [CIV ENG] A log, beam, or concrete where the mixture of water vapor and ammonia block buried in the earth and used to hold a guy vapor leaving the generator meets the relatively rope firmly. Also known as deadman; ground cool solution of ammonia in water entering the anchor. { aŋkər la¨g } generator and loses some of its vapor content. anchor nut [DES ENG] A nut in the form of a { anəlı¯zər } tapped insert forced under steady pressure into anchor [CIV ENG] A device connecting a struc- a hole in sheet metal. { aŋkər nət } ture to a heavy masonry or concrete object to a anchor pile [CIV ENG] A pile that is located on metal plate or to the ground to hold the structure the land side of a bulkhead or pier and anchors it 22
angel echo rough such devices as rods, cables, and chains. such as which measures the inclination of the wind to to hold a supporting cable od-ar I achor rod See anchor bolt. 'an -kor rad IENG A record made by anchor station See anchorage. ('ar-korsta. anchor tower ICIV ENGI 1. A tower which is cords wind velocities. 2. A recording anemom- s an ancho s里 r that supports anemometer ENG A device which measures and anchors an overhead transmissio tauor 1. Containing no liquid or usi Also known as anD liquid. 2. See aneroid barometer. I'an.3 ANd gates with outputs feeding into a nOR gate. er that actuates the dicator. 'an-2, roid al'tim-ad aneroid barograph ENG An aneroid barone- AND NOT gate ELECTR A coincidence circuit ter arranged so that the deflec under which a result is true only if statement a a rotating drum. Also known as aneroidograph is true and statement B is not. Also known barograph; barometrograph. I'an.a, roid bar- OT B AND-OR circuit da aneroid barometer ENGI A barometer which sule. Also known as an- several possible combined input sig an-3,roid b]'ram-adar plied: exhibits the characteristics of the AND aneroid calorimeter ENGI A calorimeter that AND-OR-INVERT gate ELECTRI A logic circuit capsule ENGI d hand or invert . ga by cpands and contracts with changes in atmos- gas pressure. Also known as bellows. d then a steady state in which strain is propor- aneroid diaphragm ENG A thin plate, usually Andrews's iurvesmErmo e series of iso- anet moving anall f the f nber ENG 1. A test room counterbalanced by a cali- ich er or signal transmitter, ('an., roid ! lik-wod owave frequencies, sud radar beam cross sections. I A valve actuated or ity IMECHI Deviation fro IENG A radar echo from a region oh ENG A recorder in which the ects. birds, or refractive index variations float manometer is linear through th atmosphere. (anjpl ek-oJ
angel echo through such devices as rods, cables, and chains. springs; an example is the Dines anemometer. { aŋkər pı¯l } { ¦anəməbı¯əgraf } anchor plate [CIV ENG] A metal or wooden plate anemoclinometer [ENG] A type of instrument fastened to or embedded in a support, such as which measures the inclination of the wind to a floor, and used to hold a supporting cable the horizontal plane. { ¦anəmo¯klə¦na¨m firmly. { aŋkər pla¯t } ədər } anchor rod See anchor bolt. { aŋkər ra¨d } anemogram [ENG] A record made by an anchor station See anchorage. { aŋkər sta¯ anemograph. { əne¯məgram } shən } anemograph [ENG] 1. An instrument which reanchor tower [CIV ENG] 1. A tower which is a cords wind velocities. 2. A recording anemompart of a crane staging or stiffleg derrick and eter. { əne¯məgraf } serves as an anchor. 2. A tower that supports anemometer [ENG] A device which measures and anchors an overhead transmission line. air speed. { anəma¨mədər } { aŋkər tau˙ər } anemoscope [ENG] An instrument for indicatanchor wall See deadman. { aŋkər wo˙ l } ing the direction of the wind. { əne¯məsko¯ p } AND circuit See AND gate. { and sərkət } anemovane [ENG] A combined contact aneAND gate [ELECTR] A circuit which has two or mometer and wind vane used in the Canadian more input-signal ports and which delivers an Meteorological Service. { ¦anəmo¯ ¦va¯n } output only if and when every input signal port is aneroid [ENG] 1. Containing no liquid or using simultaneously energized. Also known as AND no liquid. 2. See aneroid barometer. { anə circuit; passive AND gate. { and ga¯t } ro˙ id } AND/NOR gate [ELECTR] A single logic element aneroid altimeter [ENG] An altimeter conwhose operation is equivalent to that of two taining an aneroid barometer that actuates the AND gates with outputs feeding into a NOR gate. indicator. { anəro˙ id altimədər } { ¦and ¦no˙r ga¯t } aneroid barograph [ENG] An aneroid baromeAND NOT gate [ELECTR] A coincidence circuit ter arranged so that the deflection of the aneroid that performs the logic operation AND NOT, capsule actuates a pen which graphs a record on under which a result is true only if statement A a rotating drum. Also known as aneroidograph; is true and statement B is not. Also known as barograph; barometrograph. { anəro˙ id bar A AND NOT B gate. { ¦and ¦na¨t ga¯t } əgraf } AND-OR circuit [ELECTR] Gating circuit that aneroid barometer [ENG] A barometer which produces a prescribed output condition when utilizes an aneroid capsule. Also known as anseveral possible combined input signals are ap- eroid. { anəro˙ id bəra¨mədər } plied; exhibits the characteristics of the AND aneroid calorimeter [ENG] A calorimeter that gate and the OR gate. { ¦and ¦o˙r sərkət } uses a metal of high thermal conductivity as a AND-OR-INVERT gate [ELECTR] A logic circuit heat reservoir. { anəro˙ id kalərimədər } with four inputs, a1, a2, b1, and b2, whose output aneroid capsule [ENG] A thin, disk-shaped box is 0 only if either a1 and a2 or b1 and b2 are 1. or capsule, usually metallic, partially evacuated Abbreviated A-O-I gate. { ¦and ¦o˙r invərt ga¯t } and sealed, held extended by a spring, which Andrade’s creep law [MECH] A law which states expands and contracts with changes in atmosthat creep exhibits a transient state in which pheric or gas pressure. Also known as bellows. strain is proportional to the cube root of time { anəro˙ id kapsəl } and then a steady state in which strain is propor- aneroid diaphragm [ENG] A thin plate, usually tional to time. { andra¯dz kre¯p lo˙ } metal, covering the end of an aneroid capsule Andrews’s curves [THERMO] A series of iso- and moving axially as the ambient gas pressure therms for carbon dioxide, showing the depen- increases or decreases. { anəro˙ id diəfram } dence of pressure on volume at various tempera- aneroid flowmeter [ENG] A mechanism to tures. { andru¨z kərvz } measure fluid flow rate by pressure of the fluid anechoic chamber [ENG] 1. A test room in against a bellows counterbalanced by a caliwhich all surfaces are lined with a sound-ab- brated spring. { anəro˙ id flo¯ me¯dər } sorbing material to reduce reflections of sound aneroid liquid-level meter [ENG] A mechanism to a minimum. Also known as dead room; free- to measure fluid depth by pressure of the fluid field room. 2. A room completely lined with a against a bellows which in turn acts on a manommaterial that absorbs radio waves at a particular eter or signal transmitter. { anəro˙ id ¦likwəd frequency or over a range of frequencies; used ¦levəl medər } principally at microwave frequencies, such as for aneroidograph See aneroid barograph. { an measuring radar beam cross sections. { ¦an əro˙ idəgraf } ə¦ko¯ik cha¯mbər } aneroid valve [MECH ENG] A valve actuated or anelasticity [MECH] Deviation from a propor- controlled by an aneroid capsule. { anəro˙ id tional relationship between stress and strain. valv } { ¦anəlas¦tisəde¯ } angel echo [ENG] A radar echo from a region anemobiagraph [ENG] A recording pressure- where there are no visible targets; may be caused tube anemometer in which the wind scale of the by insects, birds, or refractive index variations float manometer is linear through the use of in the atmosphere. { a¯njəl eko¯ } 23
angle back-pressure valve angle back-pressure valve MECH ENGI Aback to its inlet opening. I'an gal bak angle fishplates CIV ENG Plates which join the own as angle: angle bar. I'an. gpl angle bead A strip, usually of metal or angle float ENGI A trowel having two edge sur- de to float the plaster poured concrete and in plastering. I'an gal angle gauge IcV ENGI A template used to set ted for the inspection of a metallic surface at an or check angles in building construction. I'an normal to the test surface, iar gal bem I angle of less that90° itted at bends in pipework. I lar"gal igld glued into the corner of a woo iffen it. Also known as glue block angle hip tile See arris hip tile. ''hip til j angle iron . ao CIV ENGI 1. An L-shaped deat is cut at a desired angle: serves as a guide for s at g er which results in a change in direction. angal join sonry work at wall comers. I'an hich angle irons are used in place of ba an chape to fit an oblique, salient corner. I'an. corrections to observed angles. I'ar-g rick ENG) Any brick having an oblique agle clip IcV engl A short strip of angle iron angle of action IMECH ENGI The angle of revo- used to secure structural elements at right ticular tooth remains in contact used to close the bond at the a wall. angle of advance See angular advance. I'an gol ay ad'yans angle collar DES ENGl A cast-iron pipe fitting angle of approach CIv ENGI The maximum the spigot ends of two pipes that are not in 'argol kal he angie that is turned throug angle-control section See crossover. I'an gal gle divider DES ENGI A square for setting points of these teeth fall together. '- gal ngle of bite See angle of nip. I'an gal ov'bit angle of an incline fro p ch as from rear bumpers. EL clearing land, or leveling runways. Also known angling dozer. 'angol, doz-or I own as depression angle; de- m of the measured angles ending vertical angle; minus angle. [ g ns being the corrections to the observe on ENGI The angle in a vertic erections or angles, depending on which known as triangle elevation section, which is used to cover the internal angle. I'an gal v, el-a'va-shan 24
angle back-pressure valve angle back-pressure valve [MECH ENG] A back- joint between two surfaces meeting at an angle pressure valve with its outlet opening at right of less than 180. { aŋgəl filət } angles to its inlet opening. { aŋgəl bak angle fishplates [CIV ENG] Plates which join the preshər valv } rails and prevent the rail joint from sagging angle bar [BUILD] An upright bar at the meeting where heavy cars and locomotives are used. of two faces of a polygonal window, bay window, Also known as angle; angle bar. { aŋgəl or bow window. { aŋgəl ba¨r } fishpla¯ts } angle bead [BUILD] A strip, usually of metal or angle float [ENG] A trowel having two edge surwood, set at the corner of a plaster wall to protect faces bent at 90; used to finish corners in freshly the corner or serve as a guide to float the plaster poured concrete and in plastering. { aŋgəl flush with it. { aŋgəl be¯d } flo¯t } angle beam [ENG] Ultrasonic waves transmit- angle gauge [CIV ENG] A template used to set ted for the inspection of a metallic surface at an or check angles in building construction. { aŋ angle measured from the beam center line to a gəl ga¯j } normal to the test surface. { aŋgəl be¯m } angle gear See angular gear. { aŋgəl ge¯r } angle blasting [ENG] Sandblasting, or the like, angle globe valve [ENG] A globe valve having at an angle of less that 90. { aŋgəl blastiŋ } an angular configuration that permits it to be angle block [ENG] A small block of wood used fitted at bends in pipework. { ¦aŋgəl ¦glo¯ b to fasten adjacent pieces, usually at right angles, ¦valv } or glued into the corner of a wooden frame to angle hip tile See arris hip tile. { aŋgəl hip tı¯l } stiffen it. Also known as glue block. { aŋ angle iron [CIV ENG] 1. An L-shaped cleat or gəl bla¨ k } brace. 2. A length of steel having a cross sec- angle board [DES ENG] A board whose surface tion resembling the letter L. { aŋgəl ı¯ərn } is cut at a desired angle; serves as a guide for angle joint [ENG] A joint between two pieces of cutting or planing other boards at the same lumber which results in a change in direction. angle. { aŋgəl bo˙rd } { aŋgəl jo˙ int } angle bond [CIV ENG] A tie used to bond ma- angle lacing [CIV ENG] A system of lacing in sonry work at wall corners. { aŋgəl ba¨nd } which angle irons are used in place of bars. angle brace [ENG] A brace across the interior { aŋgəl la¯siŋ } angle of two members that meet at an angle. angle method of adjustment [ENG] A method Also known as angle tie. { aŋgəl bra¯s } of adjustment of observations which determines angle brick [ENG] Any brick having an oblique corrections to observed angles. { aŋgəl shape to fit an oblique, salient corner. { aŋ methəd əv əjəsmənt } gəl brik } angle of action [MECH ENG] The angle of revo- angle clip [CIV ENG] A short strip of angle iron lution of either of two wheels in gear during used to secure structural elements at right which any particular tooth remains in contact. angles. { aŋgəl klip } { aŋgəl əv akshən } angle closer [ENG] A specially shaped brick angle of advance See angular advance. { aŋgəl used to close the bond at the corner of a wall. əv ədvans } { aŋgəl klo¯zər } angle collar [DES ENG] A cast-iron pipe fitting angle of approach [CIV ENG] The maximum which has a socket at each end for joining with angle of an incline onto which a vehicle can move from a horizontal plane without interference. the spigot ends of two pipes that are not in [MECH ENG] The angle that is turned through alignment. { aŋgəl ka¨lər } by either of paired wheels in gear from the first angle-control section See crossover. { aŋgəl kən¦tro contact between a pair of teeth until the pitch ¯ l sekshən } angle divider points of these teeth fall together. { aŋgəl [DES ENG] A square for setting or bisecting angles; one side is an adjustable əv əpro¯ ch } hinged blade. { angle of bite See angle of nip. { aŋgəl əv bı¯t } aŋgəl dəvı¯dər } angle dozer [MECH ENG] A power-operated ma- angle of departure [CIV ENG] The maximum chine fitted with a blade, adjustable in height angle of an incline from which a vehicle can move and angle, for pushing, sidecasting, and spread- onto a horizontal plane without interference, such as from rear bumpers. [ELECTR] See ing loose excavated material as for opencast pits, clearing land, or leveling runways. Also known angle of radiation. { aŋgəl əvdipa¨rchər } as angling dozer. { aŋgəldo angle of depression [ENG] The angle in a verti- ¯zər } angle equation [ENG] A condition equation cal plane between the horizontal and a descendwhich expresses the relationship between the ing line. Also known as depression angle; desum of the measured angles of a closed figure scending vertical angle; minus angle. { aŋgəl and the theoretical value of that sum, the un- əvdipreshən } knowns being the corrections to the observed angle of elevation [ENG] The angle in a vertical directions or angles, depending on which are plane between the local horizontal and an asused in the adjustment. Also known as triangle cending line, as from an observer to an object; equation. { aŋgəl ikwa¯zhən } used in astronomy, surveying, and so on. Also angle fillet [ENG] A wooden strip, triangular in known as ascending vertical angle; elevation cross section, which is used to cover the internal angle. { aŋgəl əv eləva¯shən } 24