i Specific Lab Tests Measurement of individual nutrient in body fluids(e. g serum retinol, serum iron, urinary iodine, vitamin D e Detection of abnormal amount of metabolites in the urine (e.g. urinary creatinine/hydroxyproline ratio) Analysis of hair, nails skin for micro-nutrients 26
26 Specific Lab Tests Measurement of individual nutrient in body fluids (e.g. serum retinol, serum iron, urinary iodine, vitamin D) Detection of abnormal amount of metabolites in the urine (e.g. urinary creatinine/hydroxyproline ratio) Analysis of hair, nails & skin for micro-nutrients
D Advantages of Biochemical 7 Method It is useful in detecting early changes in body metabolism &e nutrition before the appearance of overt clinical signs It is precise, accurate and reproducible Useful to validate data obtained from dietary methods e. g comparing salt intake with 24-hour urinary excretion 27
27 Advantages of Biochemical Method It is useful in detecting early changes in body metabolism & nutrition before the appearance of overt clinical signs. It is precise, accurate and reproducible. Useful to validate data obtained from dietary methods e.g. comparing salt intake with 24-hour urinary excretion
D Limitations of Biochemical Method ◆ Time consuming ◆ Expensive They cannot be applied on large scale o Needs trained personnel facilities 28
28 Limitations of Biochemical Method Time consuming Expensive They cannot be applied on large scale Needs trained personnel & facilities
Direct methods of nutritional Assessment e These are summarized as abcd Anthropometric methods Biochemical, laboratory methods Clinical methods Dietary evaluation methods 29
29 Direct Methods of Nutritional Assessment These are summarized as ABCD – Anthropometric methods – Biochemical, laboratory methods – Clinical methods – Dietary evaluation methods
Clinical Assessment o It is an essential features of all nutritional surveys o It is the simplest most practical method of ascertaining the nutritional status of a group of individuals o It utilizes a number of physical signs, (specific non specific), that are known to be associated with malnutrition and deficiency of vitamins micronutrients 30
30 Clinical Assessment It is an essential features of all nutritional surveys It is the simplest & most practical method of ascertaining the nutritional status of a group of individuals It utilizes a number of physical signs, (specific & non specific), that are known to be associated with malnutrition and deficiency of vitamins & micronutrients