传多样性评价 Generally use molecular techniques Phylogenetic analysis PCR/DGGE Polymerase chain reaction/denaturing gradient gel electroph oresIS REP fingerprints Molecular tools are providing more rapid and rel iable means for measuring diversity and how it r esponds to changing conditions
遗传多样性评价 ▪ Generally use molecular techniques – Phylogenetic analysis – PCR/DGGE ▪ Polymerase chain reaction/denaturing gradient gel electroph oresis – REP fingerprints ▪ Molecular tools are providing more rapid and rel iable means for measuring diversity and how it r esponds to changing conditions
系统发生分析 The limited fossil record and structural simplicit y of prokaryotes created great difficulties in de veloping a classification of prokaryotes a breakthrough came when Carl Woese and his colleagues began to cluster prokaryotes into ta conomic groups based on comparisons of nucl eic acid sequences Especially useful was the small-subunit ribosomal R NA(SSU-rRNA) because all organisms have ribose mes Comparing sequences of these genes allows development of a phylogenetic tree
系统发生分析 ▪ The limited fossil record and structural simplicit y of prokaryotes created great difficulties in de veloping a classification of prokaryotes ▪ A breakthrough came when Carl Woese and his colleagues began to cluster prokaryotes into ta xonomic groups based on comparisons of nucl eic acid sequences – Especially useful was the small-subunit ribosomal R NA (SSU-rRNA) because all organisms have riboso mes ▪ Comparing sequences of these genes allows development of a phylogenetic tree
Use conserved sequences to capture variable signat ure sequences to establish a phylogeny of prokaryot es and Eukaryotes, the"Tree of Life Domain Bacteria Domain Domain Eukarya Proteobacteria 8 Universal ancestor Fig.27.13
Fig. 27.13 Use conserved sequences to capture variable signat ure sequences to establish a phylogeny of prokaryot es and Eukaryotes; the “Tree of Life
All three domains seem to have genomes that are ch meric mixes of dna transferred across the boundaries of the domains This has lead some researchers to suggest replacing t he classical tree with a web-like phylogeny Bacteria Archaea Eukaryotes Bacteria Archaea Eukaryotes Itochu CLUCA Last universal common ancestor Common ancestral community of primitive cells Copyright e Pearson Education, Inc publishing as Benjamin Cummings
▪ All three domains seem to have genomes that are chi meric mixes of DNA transferred across the boundaries of the domains. ▪ This has lead some researchers to suggest replacing t he classical tree with a web-like phylogeny
遗传多样性分析—PCR=DGGE
遗传多样性分析——PCR-DGGE