●直链烷烃( Straight Chain Alkane) CHa CHoCHoCH 3
z直链烷烃（Straight Chain Alkane） CH3CH2CH2CH3
●支链烷烃( Branched chain alkane) CH3 Ch2 ch Ch2chch CH3 CH2CH-CCH2CH3 CH
z支链烷烃(Branched Chain Alkane) CH3CH2CH CH3 CCH2CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3CHCH3 CH3
烷烃碳架异构体数目 Molecular Formula Number of constitutional isomers CH4 C2H6 C3H8 C4H10 C5H12 C6H14 C7H16 C8H18 C9H20 35 C10H22 75 C15H32 4,347 C21H42 366319 C40H82 62,491,178805831
烷烃碳架异构体数目 CH4 1 C2H6 1 C3H8 1 C4H10 2 C5H12 3 C6H14 5 C7H16 9 C8H18 1 8 C9H20 3 5 C10H22 75 C15H32 4,347 C21H42 366,319 C40H82 62,491,178,805.831 Molecular Formula Number of Constitutional Isomers
23烷烃的狗 烷烃的结构特征 ●烷烃碳原子均为sp3杂化轨道 ●键角~1095° ●C—C平均键长154pm ●C—H平均键长110pm
2.3 烷烃的结构 烷烃的结构特征 z烷烃碳原子均为sp3杂化轨道 z键角 ～109.5° z C— C 平均键长 154 pm z C— H 平均键长 110 pm
2++—2+++ 2+++丰 2s
2p 2p 2sp 3 2s 2s