Return Percentages1IndustryPercent50%MagazinePublishing20-30%BookPublishers10-20%BookDistributors20-30%Greeting CardsCatalogRetailers18-35%10-12%ElectronicDistributors10-20%ComputerManufacturersCD-ROMs18-25%4-8%Printers2-5%MailOrderComputerManufacturers4-15%MassMerchandisers4-6%AutoIndustry(Parts)4-5%ConsumerElectronics2-3%Household ChemicalsSource:RogersandTibben-Lembke.GoingBackwards:ReverseLogisticsTrendsandPractices.1998
Return Percentages Source: Rogers and Tibben-Lembke, Going Backwards: Reverse Logistics Trends and Practices, 1998
PublishinggIndustryDiabelesYCHIATRTHELANCETCirculationHighestrateofunsoldcopies(28%onCNSDrLsaverage)Growthof large chainstores:MoresquarefootagerequiresmorebooksTosecureaprominent displayinsuperstores,publishersmustsupplylargequantitiesofbooksSuperstoressell lessthan70%ofbooksthey orderShorter shelf life
Publishing Industry ✓ Highest rate of unsold copies (28% on average) ✓ Growth of large chain stores: More square footage requires more books ✓ To secure a prominent display in superstores, publishers must supply large quantities of books ✓ Superstores sell less than 70% of books they order ✓ Shorter shelf life
1Computer/Electronic IndustryShorterlifecyclesApproximately325millionPC'sbecameobsoleteintheUSbetween1985and2005OpportunitiestoreuseandcreatevalueoutofanearlyomnipresentassetHowtorecoverandreusematerialscontainedwithinE-waste?VLead,copper,aluminumgold,plasticsandglassvE-wasteincludescomputers,televisions,cellphonesaudioequipmentandbatteriesRemanufacturing oftonercartridges:12000remanufacturers,employing 42,000workers,sellnearly$1billionannually
Computer / Electronic Industry ✓ Shorter life cycles ✓ Approximately 325 million PC’s became obsolete in the US between 1985 and 2005 ✓ Opportunities to reuse and create value out of a nearly omnipresent asset ✓ How to recover and reuse materials contained within E-waste? ✓ Lead, copper, aluminum gold, plastics and glass ✓ E-waste includes computers, televisions, cell phones, audio equipment and batteries ✓ Remanufacturing of toner cartridges: 12,000 remanufacturers, employing 42,000 workers, sell nearly $1 billion annually
AutomotiveIndustry一Primary areas:Components,suchasengines,?alternators,starters,andtransmissionsarerefurbishedbeforetheycanbesoldMaterialsarereclaimedthrough?crushing or shreddingAutomotive recyclers handlemorethan 37% of the nation's ferrousscrapRemanufactured auto parts marketis estimated at $34 billion, annually
Automotive Industry ✓ Primary areas: Components, such as engines, alternators, starters, and transmissions are refurbished before they can be sold Materials are reclaimed through crushing or shredding ✓ Automotive recyclers handle more than 37% of the nation’s ferrous scrap ✓ Remanufactured auto parts market is estimated at $34 billion, annually