四川建筑职业技术学院 授课教案 Text A Why Nations Trade I. Introductory Remarks Why do nations trade? They trade for many reasons. First, they trade because there are differences in natural resources in different parts of the world. The second reason is that pays to specialize, for specialization enables one country to produce some goods more cheaply than another country and brings benefits as one country shares their cheap goods with another country. However, one point has to be carefully considered in international trade, that is to have more products to trade or the country will not be able to expect a stable economy. Ⅱ. Outline 1. The general form of international trade: (Para. 1) buying and selling goods and services e reasons or nations to trade: Para 2-4) differences in natural resources It pays to specialize 3. Advantages of specialization:(Para. 5-8 It can make some goods that are of better quality It also enables one country to produce some goods more cheaply It may also help towns, countries, and people better of f 4. Selling primary products:(Para. 9-10) Primary products are of great importance to many countries ll. Detailed study of the text A: Key words and Phrases 1. exchange 电话总机之交换台 ②.交换,互换 give A in exchange for B e.g. He gay a piece v to give or receive something/someone of the same type or of equal value in return for another.交易,交换 e.g. He exchanged the blue sweater for a red one. All exchanged seats with Ben. ge A for B.把A换成B e.g. Where can I exchange my dollars for pounds? ct. reTurn a for B,退A换取B trade a for b,用A来交换B exchangeable a 交换的
四 川 建 筑 职 业 技 术 学 院 授 课 教 案 Text A Why Nations Trade Ⅰ. Introductory Remarks Why do nations trade? They trade for many reasons. First, they trade because there are differences in natural resources in different parts of the world. The second reason is that pays to specialize, for specialization enables one country to produce some goods more cheaply than another country and brings benefits as one country shares their cheap goods with another country. However, one point has to be carefully considered in international trade, that is to have more products to trade or the country will not be able to expect a stable economy. Ⅱ. Outline 1. The general form of international trade: (Para.1) buying and selling goods and services 2. The reasons for nations to trade: (Para.2-4) differences in natural resources It pays to specialize. 3. Advantages of specialization: (Para. 5-8) It can make some goods that are of better quality. It also enables one country to produce some goods more cheaply. It may also help towns, countries, and people better of f. 4. Selling primary products: (Para. 9-10) Primary products are of great importance to many countries. Ⅲ. Detailed Study of the text A: Key Words and Phrases: 1. exchange: n. ①. 电话总机之交换台. ②. 交换, 互换 give A in exchange for B e.g. He gave me an apple in exchange for a piece of cake. v. to give or receive something/someone of the same type or of equal value in return for another. 交易, 交换 e.g. He exchanged the blue sweater for a red one. All exchanged seats with Ben. exchange A for B, 把 A 换成 B e.g. Where can I exchange my dollars for pounds? cf. return A for B, 退 A 换取 B trade A for B, 用 A 来交换 B exchangeable a. 可交换的
四川建筑职业技术学院 授课教案 ①.产品 g. Important products of South africa are fruit and gold ②.结果 e.g. Criminals are sometimes are products of bad homes production n.生产,产生,制作,影片,艺术作品 productivity r.生产力 productive c.多产的,产生的,生产性的 produce v.生产,制造 v.输入,进口 e.g. His company sells imported silk. n.输入(品),进口(品) e.g. In order to take its revenges on Japan, this country stopped the import of its agricultural product expor↑v./n.输出,出口 2. efficient a working or operating quickly and effectively in an organized way 效率高的,能胜任的(所表"效率"着重于有技巧和节省精力方面,通常 用于人) e.g. The citys transport system is one of the most efficient in Europe We need someone really efficient who can organize the office and make cf effective: 1) producing the result that was wanted or intended 2)start officially 有效的,生效的(强调"“实际上产生的效果“或“具有产生效果的能 力") e.g. It's a very effective cure for a headache The new law will become effective next month efficiently ad.效率高地 efficiency n.功效,效率,效能 sufficient a.足够的,充分的 deficient a.缺乏的,不足的 inefficient a.效率低的 3. advant n.①.便利,优点,优势 e.g. He had the advantage over other boys of being born into a rich family ②.利益 e.g. It will be to his advantage if he studies 对,有利,有助于
四 川 建 筑 职 业 技 术 学 院 授 课 教 案 2. product n. ①. 产品 e.g. Important products of South Africa are fruit and gold. ②. 结果 e.g. Criminals are sometimes are products of bad homes. production n. 生产, 产生, 制作, 影片, 艺术作品 productivity n. 生产力 productive a. 多产的, 产生…的, 生产性的 produce v. 生产, 制造. 1. import v. 输入, 进口 e.g. His company sells imported silk. n. 输入(品), 进口(品) e.g. In order to take its revenges on Japan, this country stopped the import of its agricultural product. export v./ n. 输出, 出口 2. efficient a. working or operating quickly and effectively in an organized way 效率高的, 能胜任的 (所表”效率”着重于有技巧和节省精力方面, 通常 用于人) e.g. The city’s transport system is one of the most efficient in Europe. We need someone really efficient who can organize the office and make it run smoothly. cf. effective: 1) producing the result that was wanted or intended 2)start officially 有效的, 生效的 (强调”实际上产生的效果”或”具有产生效果的能 力”) e.g. It’s a very effective cure for a headache. The new law will become effective next month. efficiently ad. 效率高地 efficiency n. 功效, 效率, 效能 sufficient a. 足够的, 充分的 deficient a. 缺乏的, 不足的 inefficient a. 效率低的 3. advantage n. ①. 便利, 优点, 优势 e.g. He had the advantage over other boys of being born into a rich family. ②. 利益 e.g. It will be to his advantage if he studies hard. v. 对…有利, 有助于
四川建筑职业技术学院 授课教案 e.g. Such foolish behaviour will not advantage your case advanTageous a advantageously ad disadvantage n.不利,弊端,短处 take advantage of利用(某人/某物) have the advantage of sb.胜过,占优势 gain/ have an advantage over sb.优于,胜过 sess V.①拥有,有 e.g. He never possessed much money, but he always possessed good health ②对…影响很深,足以控制或支配行为 e.g. Fear possessed him and prevented him from moving ossessed a.着了魔的,拥有的 possession r.拥有,所有权,财产(复) possessive c.有占有欲的,所有格的 possessor n.拥有者 7. in most cases: in most situations cf in that case e.g. I'mafraid I can't come after all. ""Well, in that case I'm not going either. In any case e.g. We have to pass your house in any case, so we'll take you home 8.(or)rather: used to give more specific information or correct something you have said e.g. you have to be sixteen for cheap tickets---or rat her under sixteen. He explained what the Crux is, or rather, what it was 9. that is (to say ) in other words, used to indicate that the writer or speaker is about to express the same idea more clearly or precisely e.g. Education Ministers ought to have placed the interests of consumers that is to say pupils---first I'll meet you in the city, that is, I will if the trains are running 10. specialize: to limit all or most of your study, business, etc. to a particular e.g. After qualifying, he decided to specialize in contract law We went to a restaurant that specializes in Italian food 11. go hand in hand: If something goes hand in hand with something else, it is closely related to it and happens at the same time as it does or a res utof计t e.g. Prosperity goes hand in hand with investment. Prosperity and investment go hand in hand cf. I saw Pat and Chris walking hand in hand holding each other's hand through town the other day
四 川 建 筑 职 业 技 术 学 院 授 课 教 案 e.g. Such foolish behoviour will not advantage your case. advantageous a. advantageously ad. disadvantage n. 不利, 弊端, 短处 take advantage of 利用(某人 / 某物) have the advantage of sb. 胜过, 占优势 gain /have an advantage over sb. 优于, 胜过 4. possess v. ① 拥有, 有 e.g. He never possessed much money, but he always possessed good health. ② 对…影响很深, 足以控制或支配行为 e.g. Fear possessed him and prevented him from moving. possessed a. 着了魔的, 拥有的 possession n. 拥有, 所有权, 财产(复) possessive a. 有占有欲的, 所有格的 possessor n. 拥有者 7. in most cases: in most situations cf. in that case e.g. “I’m afraid I can’t come after all.” “Well, in that case I’m not going either.” in any case e.g. We have to pass your house in any case, so we’ll take you home. 8. (or) rather: used to give more specific information or correct something you have said. e.g. You have to be sixteen for cheap tickets--- or rather under sixteen. He explained what the Crux is, or rather, what it was. 9. that is (to say ): in other words, used to indicate that the writer or speaker is about to express the same idea more clearly or precisely. e.g. Education Ministers ought to have placed the interests of consumers --- that is to say pupils--- first. I’ll meet you in the city, that is, I will if the trains are running. 10. specialize: to limit all or most of your study, business, etc. to a particular subject or activity. e.g. After qualifying, he decided to specialize in contract law. We went to a restaurant that specializes in Italian food. 11. go hand in hand: If something goes hand in hand with something else, it is closely related to it and happens at the same time as it does or as a result of it. e.g. Prosperity goes hand in hand with investment. Prosperity and investment go hand in hand. cf. I saw Pat and Chris walking hand in hand (= holding each other’s hand) through town the other day
四川建筑职业技术学院 授课教案 12. enable: to give someone the ability or opportunity to do something e.g. Money from her aunt enabled jan to buy the house. 13. resource: often used in plural form to mean something such as land, minerals, or natural enera e.g. a country rich in natural resources Canada' s vast mineral resources cf. We must make the best possible use of our limited financial resources Martin has inner resources that will see him through this crisis resources for learning resource room /center 14. it pays to do something: doing something will bring a good result or advantage to do somethi ng else e.g. It usually pays to tell the truth. It never pays to take risks where human safety is concerned cf. Hard training now will pay (you richly when it comes to the actual competition. If the pub doesn't start to pay (=make a profit, we'll have to sell it 15. make good use of: get as much advantage as possible from something e.g. We must make the best possible use of the resources we have f. make use of: to use something that is available in order to achieve something else or get an advantage for yourself e.g. Not enough people are making use of the children's play scheme We might as well make use of use) the hotel's facilities 16. manufacture: to make or produce large quantities of goods to be sold e.g. the company that manufactures the drug manufactured goods manufacturing industries cf produce: to grow something or make it naturally: make things to be sold Canada produces high-quality wheat The factory produces an incredible 100 cars per he Gas can be produced from co 17. be skilled at/in doing something: to have the knowledge and ability to do ng g ng Few doctors are actually trained, and not al are skilled, in helping their patients make 18. devote. to: to give (one,'s time or effort or love)wholly to(something he believes in or a person), or to use(a particular amount of time or energy) doing(something) e.g. The Cabinet minister left government to devote more time to his young
四 川 建 筑 职 业 技 术 学 院 授 课 教 案 12. enable: to give someone the ability or opportunity to do something. e.g. Money from her aunt enabled Jan to buy the house. 13. resource: often used in plural form to mean something such as land, minerals, or natural energy. e.g. a country rich in natural resources Canada’s vast mineral resources cf. We must make the best possible use of our limited financial resources. Martin has inner resources that will see him through this crisis. resources for learning resource room / center 14. it pays to do something: doing something will bring a good result or advantage to do something else. e.g. It usually pays to tell the truth. It never pays to take risks where human safety is concerned. cf. Hard training now will pay (you richly when it comes to the actual competition. If the pub doesn’t start to pay (=make a profit , we’ll have to sell it. 15. make good use of: get as much advantage as possible from something e.g. We must make the best possible use of the resources we have. cf. make use of: to use something that is available in order to achieve something else or get an advantage for yourself e.g. Not enough people are making use of the children’s play scheme. We might as well make use of (= use) the hotel’s facilities. 16. manufacture: to make or produce large quantities of goods to be sold. e.g. the company that manufactures the drug manufactured goods manufacturing industries cf. produce: to grow something or make it naturally; make things to be sold e.g. Canada produces high-quality wheat. The factory produces an incredible 100 cars per hour. Gas can be produced from coal. 17. be skilled at/in doing something: to have the knowledge and ability to do something well e.g. She’s skilled at dealing with members of the public. Few doctors are actually trained, and not al are skilled, in helping their patients make choices. 18. devote…to: to give (one’s time or effort or love) wholly to (something he believes in or a person), or to use (a particular amount of time or energy) doing (something) e.g. The Cabinet minister left government to devote more time to his young
四川建筑职业技术学院 授课教案 She has devoted all her energies/life to taking care of homeless people Over half of his speech was devoted to the issue of unemployment 19. talent: (someone who has) a natural ability to be t something e.g. Her talent for music showed at an early She is a young dancer of great talent We are looking for new/fresh/young local talent (E new/fresh/young local people with talent) 20. suffer from: to experience something unpleasant, such as illness, pain, loss, or hardship e.g. She suffers from headaches The village suffered from floods 21. benefit: something that gives you advantages or improves your life in some way e.g. an aid program that has brought lasting benefits to the region. cf. profit: money that you gain by selling things or doing business e.g. She makes a big profit from selling waste material to textile companies you don't expect to make much profit within the first couple of years of setting up a comp 22. compared to/with: in comparison with e.g. Compared to many others you are very lucky indeed London is large, compared to/ with Paris cf. The poet compares his lovers tongue to a razor blade 23. be better off: to have more money, to be in a better condition e.g. We are better off this year than we were last year you could pay it back afterwards when you are better off 24. be made from to be made out of cf. the table is made of wood Bread is made from corn. We use from"when the result no longer looks like the original material 25. depend on: to need the support of; be supported by: rely on e.g. Children depend on their parents The country depends heavily on foreign aid Pollution of the sea has killed thousands of the fish on which many fishermen depend for their livelihood 26. count on something: to expect something to happen and include it in your plans e.g. you can't count on the weather being fine We are counting on selling at least 5000 copies of the book B. Important and Difficult Sentences 1. International trade is the exchange of goods and services produced in one country for
四 川 建 筑 职 业 技 术 学 院 授 课 教 案 family. She has devoted all her energies/life to taking care of homeless people. Over half of his speech was devoted to the issue of unemployment. 19. talent: (someone who has) a natural ability to be good at something e.g. Her talent for music showed at an early age. She is a young dancer of great talent. We are looking for new/fresh/young local talent (= new/fresh/young local people with talent). 20. suffer from: to experience something unpleasant, such as illness, pain, loss, or hardship e.g. She suffers from headaches. The village suffered from floods. 21. benefit: something that gives you advantages or improves your life in some way e.g. an aid program that has brought lasting benefits to the region. cf. profit: money that you gain by selling things or doing business e.g. She makes a big profit from selling waste material to textile companies. You don’t expect to make much profit within the first couple of years of setting up a company. 22. compared to/ with: in comparison with e.g. Compared to many others you are very lucky indeed. London is large, compared to/ with Paris. cf. The poet compares his lover’s tongue to a razor blade. 23. be better off: to have more money, to be in a better condition e.g. We are better off this year than we were last year. You could pay it back afterwards when you are better off. 24. be made from: to be made out of cf. The table is made of wood. Bread is made from corn. We use “from” when the result no longer looks like the original material. 25. depend on: to need the support of; be supported by; rely on e.g. Children depend on their parents. The country depends heavily on foreign aid. Pollution of the sea has killed thousands of the fish on which many fishermen depend for their livelihood. 26. count on something: to expect something to happen and include it in your plans e.g. You can’t count on the weather being fine. We are counting on selling at least 5000 copies of the book. B. Important and Difficult Sentences: 1. International trade is the exchange of goods and services produced in one country for