2.Why winged aphides are produced 1)Climate Conditions(气候条件) 2)Host Nutrition(寄主营养) 3)Aphid Population Density(种群密度)
2. Why winged aphides are produced 1) Climate Conditions (气候条件） 2) Host Nutrition (寄主营养 ) 3) Aphid Population Density (种群密度 )
3.Types of Life Cycles(生活周期型 l)Anholocyclic Life Cycle(不全周期 Reproduction by parthenogenesis(孤雌 生殖)year round;no sex aphides. 2)Holocyclic life cycle(全周期) Reproduction by both parthenogenesis and gamogenesis(两性生殖)in a year cycle
3. Types of Life Cycles (生活周期型 ) 1) Anholocyclic Life Cycle (不全周期 ) Reproduction by parthenogenesis (孤雌 生殖) year round; no sex aphides. 2) Holocyclic life cycle (全周期 ) Reproduction by both parthenogenesis and gamogenesis (两性生殖) in a year cycle
*Categories in Holocyclic life cycle Autoecious holocyclic life cycle(同寄主全 周期with the same hosts during winter and other seasons;Heteroecious holocyclic life cycle(异寄主全周期with different hosts during winter and other seasons
*Categories in Holocyclic life cycle Autoecious holocyclic life cycle (同寄主全 周期) with the same hosts during winter and other seasons; Heteroecious holocyclic life cycle (异寄主全周期) with different hosts during winter and other seasons
4.Damage 1)Plant Sap Sucking Aphids which do this are the most common and destructive of pest insects.A wide variety of economically important plants are attacked. Aphids feed by sucking sap from their hosts.Heavy infestations on some hosts may result in wilting.Young plants may have reduced or stunted growth
4. Damage 1) Plant Sap Sucking Aphids which do this are the most common and destructive of pest insects. A wide variety of economically important plants are attacked. Aphids feed by sucking sap from their hosts. Heavy infestations on some hosts may result in wilting. Young plants may have reduced or stunted growth
