Cultural and Sociological Perspectives Contributions (i)supporting particular kinds of institutions (ii)high cultural distance is sometimes argued to crowd out or impair the implementation of some types of formal organization (iii)a functional substitute in filling "institutional voids"characterized by "the absence of specialist intermediaries,regulatory systems,and contract-enforcing mechanisms" (iv)an important variable in studying the diffusion of governance practices across countries GROUP 10
GROUP 10 vContributions (i) supporting particular kinds of institutions (ii) high cultural distance is sometimes argued to crowd out or impair the implementation of some types of formal organization (iii) a functional substitute in filling “institutional voids” characterized by “the absence of specialist intermediaries, regulatory systems, and contract-enforcing mechanisms” (iv) an important variable in studying the diffusion of governance practices across countries Cultural and Sociological Perspectives
Cultural and Sociological Perspectives Limitations (i)one could hardly interpret the dimensions of culture (ii)culture might exert a causal influence on institutions (iii)invoking culturally ingrained values does not lessen the need for political perspectives on institutions GROUP 10
GROUP 10 vLimitations (i) one could hardly interpret the dimensions of culture (ii) culture might exert a causal influence on institutions (iii) invoking culturally ingrained values does not lessen the need for political perspectives on institutions Cultural and Sociological Perspectives
Cultural and Sociological Perspectives *Solutions take up the theme of cognition and ideas grounding in a more specific framework of organizational ideologies: (i)emphasis on social norms and the importance of organizational legitimacy (ii)consider more deeply the social construction of meanings and diffusion of ideas GROUP 10
GROUP 10 vSolutions take up the theme of cognition and ideas grounding in a more specific framework of organizational ideologies: (i) emphasis on social norms and the importance of organizational legitimacy (ii) consider more deeply the social construction of meanings and diffusion of ideas Cultural and Sociological Perspectives
Hofstede's Cultural Dimension Indices Long-term Power Orientation Distance Hofstede's cultural dimensions Masculinit Individualism Indices Uncertainty Avoidance GROUP 10
Hofstede’s Cultural Dimension Indices GROUP 10 Hofstede’s cultural dimensions Indices
Shareholder and Stakeholder --How do Directors Decide? Zeng Zhe曾哲 GROUP 10
Shareholder and Stakeholder --How do Directors Decide? Zeng Zhe 曾哲 GROUP 10