差(续) AB C Rar b1c1 a1 b2c2 a2b2c1 R-SA B C al b1c1 AB C sa1 b2c2 al b3 c2 a2b2c1 An Introduction to Database System
An Introduction to Database System 差(续) A B C a1 b1 c1 a1 b2 c2 a2 b2 c1 A B C a1 b1 c1 A B C a1 b2 c2 a1 b3 c2 a2 b2 c1 R S R-S
3.交( Intersection) R和S 具有相同的目门 ■相应的属性取自同一个域 Rms n仍为n目关系,由既属于R又属于5的元组组 成 RnS={4t∈RAt∈S} RnS=R-R-S An Introduction to Database System
An Introduction to Database System 3. 交(Intersection) ◼ R和S ◼ 具有相同的目n ◼ 相应的属性取自同一个域 ◼ R∩S ◼ 仍为n目关系,由既属于R又属于S的元组组 成 R∩S = { t|t R∧t S } R∩S = R –(R-S)
交(续) AB C Rar b1c1 a1 b2c2 ABC a2b2c1 a1 b2c2 R∩S a2 ci AB C sa1 b2c2 al b3 c2 a2b2c1 An Introduction to Database System
An Introduction to Database System 交 (续) A B C a1 b1 c1 a1 b2 c2 a2 b2 c1 A B C a1 b2 c2 a2 b2 c1 A B C a1 b2 c2 a1 b3 c2 a2 b2 c1 R S R ∩ S
4.广义笛卡尔积( Extended cartesian Product) R nm日关系,k个元组 m日关系,k个元组 R×S 列:(m+m)列的元组的集合 元组的前列是关系R的一个元组 后m列是关系5的一个元组 行:k1×k个元组 R×S={4t|t∈RAt∈S} An Introduction to Database System
An Introduction to Database System 4. 广义笛卡尔积(Extended Cartesian Product) ◼ R ◼ n目关系,k1个元组 ◼ S ◼ m目关系,k2个元组 ◼ R×S ◼ 列:(n+m)列的元组的集合 ◼ 元组的前n列是关系R的一个元组 ◼ 后m列是关系S的一个元组 ◼ 行:k1×k2个元组 ◼ R×S = {t r t s |t r R ∧ t sS }
广义笛卡尔积(续 A BCABC ABC al bilal b2 c2 ralb1cl a1 a1b3 a1 b2 c2 al c1a2 b2 c1 a2 bcl rosal b2c2a1b2 al b2c2a1 b3 c2 ABC a1 b2c2a2 b2c1 sa1 c2 a2 c2 a1 63 c2 a2 b2cla1b3 a2 b2 c1 a2 c1
An Introduction to Database System 广义笛卡尔积 (续) A B C a1 b1 c1 a1 b2 c2 a2 b2 c1 A B C a1 b1 c1 a1 b1 c1 a1 b1 c1 a1 b2 c2 a1 b2 c2 a1 b2 c2 a2 b2 c1 a2 b2 c1 a2 b2 c1 A B C a1 b2 c2 a1 b3 c2 a2 b2 c1 R S R × S A B C a1 b2 c2 a1 b3 c2 a2 b2 c1 a1 b2 c2 a1 b3 c2 a2 b2 c1 a1 b2 c2 a1 b3 c2 a2 b2 c1