Sexual dysfunctionsReduced libido in women,and erectile andejaculatoryproblemsinmen,are among the mostcommon reasons thatcouplespresentforadviceThe terms“frigidity"and“impotence”areimpreciseandjudgemental,and should be avoided.编号：45152云海[上传】图片联盟www.tcbm23.ca
Reduced libido in women, and erectile and ejaculatory problems in men, are among the most common reasons that couples present for advice. The terms ‘frigidity’ and ‘impotence’ are imprecise and judgemental, and should be avoided. Sexual dysfunctions
CausesBackgroundfactors:anxiety orignorance about sex,pastexperience ofsexualabuse,general disharmonybetweenthecouple concerned,aconstitutional discrepancyin sexdrivebetweenthetwopartners,oralackofphysicalattractionbetweenthem
Causes Background factors: anxiety or ignorance about sex, past experience of sexual abuse, general disharmony between the couple concerned, a constitutional discrepancy in sex drive between the two partners, or a lack of physical attraction between them
CausesAgeing:sexual drive and performance inbothsexes decreasewithage,althoughthedeclineismoremarkedinmalesForexample,theprevalenceoferectiledysfunctioninmenis about2percentatage40,and25-30percentatage65
Causes Ageing: sexual drive and performance in both sexes decrease with age, although the decline is more marked in males. For example, the prevalence of erectile dysfunction in men is about 2 percent at age 40, and 25–30 percent at age 65
CausesPsychiatric illness:mostpsychiatric illnesses,especiallydepressiveillness andanxiety states,reduce sexualdrive,performance,andpleasure.Theexception ismania,in which sexual interest and activity increase..Organic brain disease:thedementias,and lesions ofthe frontal lobe may produce sexual disinhibition..Genital and pelvic pathology:for example,congenitalabnormality, infection,and injury to the genitalia or spinalcord
Causes Psychiatric illness: most psychiatric illnesses, especially depressive illness and anxiety states, reduce sexual drive, performance, and pleasure. The exception is mania, in which sexual interest and activity increase. • Organic brain disease: the dementias, and lesions of the frontal lobe may produce sexual disinhibition. • Genital and pelvic pathology: for example, congenital abnormality, infection, and injury to the genitalia or spinal cord
CausesThe production of testosteroneEndocrineandmetabolicbythetestisis.controlled bythepituitary glanddisorders:hypothalamusforexample,diabetes,sexpituitaryhormone deficiency,hyperprolactinaemia,Testosterone causes beard andhypertension,arteriosclerosis,spermbodyhairgrowth.promotes-thegrowth of theprostate gland.FSHLHand renal failurecontributes to male sexualityand causes bone and musclegrowth.Alcohol:impairedsexualfunctionmay result from intoxication.peripheral neuropathy,disturbedsexhormonemetabolismduetotestisTestosterorspermtubuleLeydig cellcirrhosisoftheliver,maritalconflict,or treatment withTestosterone stimulates celis inthetestis to produce sperm.disulfiram
Causes Endocrine and metabolic disorders: for example, diabetes, sex hormone deficiency, hyperprolactinaemia, hypertension, arteriosclerosis, and renal failure. Alcohol: impaired sexual function may result from intoxication, peripheral neuropathy, disturbed sex hormone metabolism due to cirrhosis of the liver, marital conflict, or treatment with disulfiram