斗 长 Kemel-Mode Components: Drivers ￥斗 ★★ o Windowingand Graphics System graphical user interface(GUn) functions (Win32 USER and GDD dealing with windows, user interface controls, and drawing [Containedin file Win32k. sys o Hardware Abstraction Layer( HAL isolates kemel, device drivers, and executive from hardware Hides platfom-speaifichardware differences(motherboards Contained in file haldi
11 Kernel-Mode Components: Drivers Windowing and Graphics System – graphical user interface (GUI) functions (Win32 USER and GDI), – dealing with windows, user interface controls, and drawing – [Contained in file Win32k.sys Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) – isolates kernel, device drivers, and executive from hardware – Hides platform-specific hardware differences (motherboards) – Contained in file Hal.dll
★ Background System Processes ￥斗 ★★ o Core systemprocesses logon process, the session manager, etc. not started by the service control manager o Service processes host win32 services i.e. Task Sahedulerand Spodlerservices Many Windows serverapps, such as SQL Server and Exchange Server, also indude components that run as services
12 Background System Processes Core system processes, – logon process, the session manager, etc. – not started by the service control manager Service processes – host Win32 services – i.e.; Task Scheduler and Spooler services – Many Windows server apps, such as SQL Server and Exchange Server, also include components that run as services
★ “长 Portability ￥斗 ★★ o When nT wasdesigned, there wasno dominant processor architecture Therefore it was designed to be portable o How achieved?
13 Portability When NT was designed, there was no dominant processor architecture – Therefore it was designed to be portable How achieved?
★ “长 Portability ￥斗 ★★ o Most nt oSaodeand devicedriversiswrittenin C HAL and kemel oontain some assembly language Some componentsare writtenin C++: Win32 windowing/graphicssubsystemdriver Win2K volume manager o Hardware-speaficcode is isolated in low level layersof the OS(such as Kemel and the hal Provides portable interface
14 Portability Most NT OS code and device drivers is written in C – HAL and kernel contain some assembly language Some components are written in C++: – Win32 windowing/graphics subsystem driver – Win2K volume manager Hardware-specific code is isolated in low level layers of the OS (such as Kernel and the HAL) – Provides portable interface
斗 长 Portability ￥斗 ★★ o NT 4.0 had supportfor. X86, MIPS, PowerPC, Digital Alpha AXP o PowerPC and MIPS dropped soonafter NT 4 release o Alpha AXP drappedin 1999(supported through SP6)
15 Portability NT 4.0 had support for: – x86, MIPS, PowerPC, Digital Alpha AXP PowerPC and MIPS dropped soon after NT 4 release Alpha AXP dropped in 1999 (supported through SP6)