Gram stain:Shigella 2025/3/26 Shigellosis 11
2025/3/26 Shigellosis 11 Gram stain: Shigella
Several media have Shigella on EMB been designed to selectively grow enteric bacteria and allow differentiation of Salmonella and Shigella from E.coli. The primary plating media shown here are eosin methylene blue Shigslla on Ss agar (EMB)agar, MacConkey agar, ENDO agar,Hektoen enteric (HE)agar and Salmonella-Shigella (SS)agar. 2025/3/26 Shigellosis 12
2025/3/26 Shigellosis 12 Several media have been designed to selectively grow enteric bacteria and allow differentiation of Salmonella and Shigella from E. coli. The primary plating media shown here are eosin methylene blue (EMB) agar, MacConkey agar, ENDO agar, Hektoen enteric (HE) agar and Salmonella -Shigella (SS) agar
3.Epidemiology ■ Worldwide,major cause of diarrhea 165 million cases/year (99%in developing c.) ■ Is about 5-15%of all cases of diarrhea, mostly kids <4 yrs 0 600,000 to 1.1 million deaths/year ■ China:32.36 cases/100,000 people ■ Nepal:? India:?? (There is no accurate data) 2025/3/26 Shigellosis 13
2025/3/26 Shigellosis 13 3. Epidemiology ◼ Worldwide, major cause of diarrhea ◼ 165 million cases/year (99% in developing c.) ◼ Is about 5-15% of all cases of diarrhea, mostly kids <4 yrs ◼ 600,000 to 1.1 million deaths/year ◼ China: 32.36 cases/100,000 people ◼ Nepal: ?? India:?? (There is no accurate data)
Epidemiology In indian subcontinent,Shigella flexneri is the most common serogroup isolated, antibiotic resistance to nalidixic acid is high,and ciprofloxacin resistance is emerging. Changing Epidemiology of Shigellosis and Emergence of Ciprofloxacin Resistant Shigellae in India. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY,Feb.2007,p.678-679 2025/3/26 Shigellosis 14
2025/3/26 Shigellosis 14 Epidemiology ◼ In indian subcontinent, Shigella flexneri is the most common serogroup isolated, antibiotic resistance to nalidixic acid is high, and ciprofloxacin resistance is emerging. Changing Epidemiology of Shigellosis and Emergence of Ciprofloxacin Resistant Shigellae in India. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, Feb. 2007, p. 678–679
TABLE 1.Overall resistance to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin from 2000 to 2006 in India Organism No.(%)of isolates resistant to: (total no.of isolates) Nalidixic acid Ciprofloxacin S.dysenteriae (44) 36(81.8%) 24(54.5%) S.flexneri (116) 8674.1396 5345.696 S.boydi (14) 8(57.1% 0(09%0 S.sonnei (14) 14(100%) 0(0%) Results are not shown for 11 isolates that were nonagglutinable shigellae. Changing Epidemiology of Shigellosis and Emergence of Ciprofloxacin Resistant Shigellae in India. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY,Feb.2007,p.678-679 Shigella isolates of Nepal:Changes in the incidence of shigella subgroups and trends of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2007),Vol.5,No.1,Issue 17,32-37 2025/3/26 Shigellosis 15
2025/3/26 Shigellosis 15 Changing Epidemiology of Shigellosis and Emergence of Ciprofloxacin Resistant Shigellae in India. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, Feb. 2007, p. 678–679 Shigella isolates of Nepal: Changes in the incidence of shigella subgroups and trends of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2007), Vol. 5, No. 1, Issue 17, 32-37