褐藻 褐藻是固着生活的底栖藻类。绝大多教分布于海水中,是构成海底森林 的主要类群。 褐藤有一种特殊的叶黄素,即岩藻黄素 fucoxanthin,有利用短波光的能 力(吸收蓝光和绿光),可以在海底生活,光合作用能力极强。 储藏的营养物:褐藻淀粉和甘露醇 褐藤属冷水藻类,寒帶分布最多,但马尾藻属暖型藻类。 igure 26.17 Brown algae. (a)These giant seaweeds, called kelps, form large underwater"forests common off the U.S. Pacfic coast Kelp beds support a comple community of marine organisms. (b) Ths close-up shows the holdfasts stemi ke stipe and leaflike blades of a Hewes
褐 藻 褐藻是固着生活的底栖藻类。绝大多数分布于海水中,是构成海底森林 的主要类群。 褐藻有一种特殊的叶黄素,即岩藻黄素fucoxanthin, 有利用短波光的能 力(吸收蓝光和绿光),可以在海底生活,光合作用能力极强。 储藏的营养物:褐藻淀粉和甘露醇 褐藻属冷水藻类,寒带分布最多,但马尾藻属暖型藻类
海带生活史中 Mature 的世代交替 孢子在海水中游泳,在海 底萌发而成丝状的配子体 精子囊 Gametophyte 卵囊 FERTILIZATION ● Diploid Haplo Figure 26.18 Alternation of generations in the life cycle of Lamk- naria. In this case, the sporophyte and gametophyte are heteromorphic, or morphologically different from each other, The large, plantlike sporophyte produces two kinds of spores, one developing into a female gametophyte and the other into a male. Gametophytes are
海带生活史中 的世代交替 孢子在海水中游泳,在海 底萌发而成丝状的配子体。 精子囊 卵囊
二、苔藓植物门Bry。 phyta 过渡性的小型陆生植物,多生于潮湿的地方。 特点 没有维笞组织,植株总是矮小的; 2、精子有鞭毛,须在水中游泳才能到达卵子,还不能完全脱离水, 在陆地环境中必须抢雨水季节进行繁殖; 3、受精卵在颈卵器内发育为胚,植物界从此开始有胚的构造; 4、生话史中有明显的世代交替,配子体占优势,孢子体一生都寄生 在配子体上,生活期很短 分类 1、苔纲 Hepaticae地钱 Marchantia,雌雄异体 2、藓纲 Musci葫芦藓 Funaria
第六节 植物界 二、苔藓植物门Bryophyta 过渡性的小型陆生植物,多生于潮湿的地方。 特点: 1、没有维管组织,植株总是矮小的; 2、精子有鞭毛,须在水中游泳才能到达卵子,还不能完全脱离水, 在陆地环境中必须抢雨水季节进行繁殖; 3、受精卵在颈卵器内发育为胚,植物界从此开始有胚的构造; 4、生活史中有明显的世代交替,配子体占优势,孢子体一生都寄生 在配子体上,生活期很短。 分类: 1、苔纲 Hepaticae 地钱 Marchantia,雌雄异体 2、藓纲 Musci 葫芦藓 Funaria
Non-vascular plants Liverwort Moss with sporophyte Liverwort with splashcup The non-vascular plants are members of three phyla, the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. The three phyla are traditionally called bryophytes. In these plants the gametophyte is the dominant portion of the life cycle. The plants appear leafy but lack true stems, roots or most are no larger than 20 cm tall. the lack of vascular tissue also e leaves. Because they lack vascular tissue they are all limited in si means that they are generally found in moist habitats. Moist habitats
藓的配子体 藓的孢子体 Figure 33.9 地钱雌配子体 (a) Mosses have green, leafy gametophytes. Their thin, ascending sporophytes (b) produce spores in the capsules at their tips (c) Liverworts have rather heavy, fleshy gametophytes, and their distinctively shaped structures that bear gametangia separate them from mosses. The umbrellalike structures visible here bear archegonia 藓纲—葫芦藓
藓纲——葫芦藓 苔纲——地钱 藓的配子体 地钱雌配子体 藓的孢子体