2、季风(monsoonwind)1月冬季：大陆温度低、气压高；相邻海洋温度比高气压大陆高、气压低Winter: Lower temperature and higherpressure in continent. higher temperatureand lower pressure in the adjacent ocean西北季风风从大陆吹向海洋1气用Wind blows from continent to ocean◆夏季：大陆温度高、气压低；相邻海洋温度7月比大陆低、气压高Summer: Higher temperature and lower低气压pressure in continent. lower temperatureandhigher pressure in the adjacent ocean风从海洋吹向大陆UWind blows from ocean to continent高气压
2、季风(monsoon wind) 冬季:大陆温度低、气压高；相邻海洋温度比 大陆高、气压低 Winter: Lower temperature and higher pressure in continent. higher temperature and lower pressure in the adjacent ocean 风从大陆吹向海洋 Wind blows from continent to ocean 夏季:大陆温度高、气压低；相邻海洋温度 比大陆低 、气压高 Summer: Higher temperature and lower pressure in continent. lower temperature and higher pressure in the adjacent ocean 风从海洋吹向大陆 Wind blows from ocean to continent
陆龙我3、龙卷风(tornado)★形成条件复杂complexformationconditions水龙卷所有风暴中最强的风，但发生概率低The strongest storm, but with alowprobabilityofoccurrence龙卷风范围小而时间短的强烈旋风，切向速度达100m/s。Tornado-smallrange and short durationintensecyclones witha猛烈旋转的圆形空气程tangential speed of upto100m/s1直径平均在200~300m之间寿命大多在几分钟到几十分钟，不超过几个小时规范中未考虑■移动速度平均15m/s，最快可以到70m/sNo consideredinthe codes■移动长度大多在10km左右破坏宽度一般1~2km■一般风速50~150m/s，极端情况可以达到300m/s以上
3、龙卷风(tornado) 形成条件复杂 complex formation conditions 所有风暴中最强的风，但发生概率低 The strongest storm, but with a low probability of occurrence 龙卷风——范围小而时间短的 强烈旋风，切向速度达 100m/s。 Tornado - small range and short duration intense cyclones with a tangential speed of up to 100m / s 规范中未考虑 No considered in the codes
Introduction三、结构的风灾Winddisasterofstructure国内外统计资料表明，在所有自然灾害中，风灾造成的损失为各种灾害之首。例如1999年，全球严重自然灾害共造成800亿美元的经济损失，其中，在被保险的损失中，飓风造成的损失占70%。According to the foreign statistical data , the damagecaused by wind disaster is the severest among all kindsof disaster.For example, in 1999, natural disastersresulted in over 8o billion dollars of economic loss,inwhich70% insured losses are caused by hurricane
Introduction 三、结构的风灾 Wind disaster of structure 国内外统计资料表明，在所有自然灾害中，风灾造成的 损失为各种灾害之首。例如1999年，全球严重自然灾害共 造成800亿美元的经济损失，其中，在被保险的损失中， 飓风造成的损失占70％。 According to the foreign statistical data，the damage caused by wind disaster is the severest among all kinds of disaster. For example, in 1999, natural disasters resulted in over 80 billion dollars of economic loss, in which 70% insured losses are caused by hurricane
起“风灾+水灾”1.台风引起Winddisasters andfloods caused byhurricane低楼房星玻坏台风“海棠”登陆我国东南沿海TyphoonHaitanglandingsoutheastcoastofChina？缺乏对台风特性的直接观测资料，无法建立我国台风的数学模型，并进行台风的危险性分析。?Becauseofthelackofthedirectobservationdataonthecharacteristicoftyphoon,the mathematical model of thetyphoonsinourcountrycannotbe establishedandtherisk analysisofthemcannotbecarriedout
1. 台风引起“风灾＋水灾” Wind disasters and floods caused by hurricane 台风“海棠”登陆我国东南沿海 Typhoon Haitang landing southeast coast of China ？缺乏对台风特性的直接观测资料，无法建立我国台风的数学模型，幵 进行台风的危险性分析。 ？Because of the lack of the direct observation data on the characteristic of typhoon, the mathematical model of the typhoons in our country can not be established and the risk analysis of them can not be carried out
1.台风引起“风灾+水灾”Winddisasters and floods caused by hurricane？对台风对低矮建筑群体的作用缺乏系统的研究，无法对其进行有效的抗风设计?thelack of systematicresearch on the effect oftyphoon on low-risingbuilding groups makes the2009年8月9日台风“莫拉克表由台湾effectivewind-resistantdesign of the buildings2009年8月9日台风“莫拉克“袭击台湾difficultTyphoonlandingTaiwan
？对台风对低矮建筑群体的 作用缺乏系统的研究，无法 对其进行有效的抗风设计 ？the lack of systematic research on the effect of typhoon on low-rising building groups makes the effective wind-resistant design of the buildings difficult 1. 台风引起“风灾＋水灾” Wind disasters and floods caused by hurricane 2009年8月9日台风“莫拉克“袭击台湾 Typhoon landing Taiwan