No-Psycholinguistics Period An introduction to behaviorism Behaviorism is a theoretical approach in psychology that emphasizes the study of behavior -that is, the outwardly observable reactions to a stimulus of an organism, whether animal or human rather than the content of the mind or the physiological correlates of behavior
No-Psycholinguistics Period ◼ An Introduction to Behaviorism ◆ Behaviorism is a theoretical approach in psychology that emphasizes the study of behavior—that is, the outwardly observable reactions to a stimulus of an organism, whether animal or human— rather than the content of the mind or the physiological correlates of behavior
■ Psychology o Be opposed to the focus on mental life as a goal for psychology Psychology is the science of behavior. Psychology is not the science of mind Favor the study of objective behavior (instead of mental processes) Behavior can be described and explained without making reference to mental events or to internal psychological processes. The sources of behavior are external (in the environment), not internal (in the mind Place strong emphasis on the role of experience in shaping behavior o Psychologists expressed relatively little interest in language o Speaking was"verbal behavior"(Skinner, 1957)
◼ Psychology ◆ Be opposed to the focus on mental life as a goal for psychology. ⧫ Psychology is the science of behavior. Psychology is not the science of mind. ◆ Favor the study of objective behavior (instead of mental processes). ⧫ Behavior can be described and explained without making reference to mental events or to internal psychological processes. The sources of behavior are external (in the environment), not internal (in the mind). ◆ Place strong emphasis on the role of experience in shaping behavior. ◆ Psychologists expressed relatively little interest in language. ⧫ Speaking was “verbal behavior” (Skinner,1957)
Verbal behavior could be conditioned by reinforcement---by being raised in an environment in which correct language models were present and in which children's speech errors were corrected (cf p 11 ■ LinguistIcs Linguists emphasized behavioristic treatments of language. in which reference to mental states or processes was meticulously avoided
• Verbal behavior could be conditioned by reinforcement---by being raised in an environment in which correct language models were present and in which children’s speech errors were corrected. (cf. p.11) ◼ Linguistics ◆ Linguists emphasized behavioristic treatments of language, in which reference to mental states or processes was meticulously avoided
■ Psycholinguistics Little interdisciplinary interest or activity took place divorced period: psychology and linguistics divorced for a period of several decades Behaviorism dominated both psychology and linguistics, each of which practiced a form of benign neglect toward another ----actually no psycholinguistics during this period see Behaviorism He ome
◼ Psycholinguistics: ◆ Little interdisciplinary interest or activity took place – divorced period: psychology and linguistics divorced for a period of several decades ◆ Behaviorism dominated both psychology and linguistics, each of which practiced a form of benign neglect toward another ---- actually no psycholinguistics during this period! see Behaviorism Home
Linguistics-dominant Period Linguistics Chomskys attack at behaviorism The behaviorists'account of language were inadequate( syntactic Structures(1957). Review of verbal behavior( (cf.p.3) Associative chain theory argument (1957) each word in a sentence serves as a stimulus for the next word, and the entire sentence is produced left to right Poverty of stimulus argument (1980) There is not enough information in the language samples given to children to fully account for the richness and complexity of children's language A Review of B. F. Skinner's Verbal Behavior . Chomsky's TG: phrase structure rules, transformational rules, Dual structure theory Chomsky's view on the relationship between linguistics and psychology
Linguistics-dominant Period ◼ Linguistics ◆ Chomsky’s attack at behaviorism ⧫ The behaviorists’ account of language were inadequate (Syntactic Structures(1957), Review of Verbal behavior (1959) ) (cf. p.13) • Associative chain theory argument (1957) – each word in a sentence serves as a stimulus for the next word, and the entire sentence is produced left to right. • Poverty of stimulus argument (1980) – There is not enough information in the language samples given to children to fully account for the richness and complexity of children’s language. – A Review of B. F. Skinner's Verbal Behavior ◆ Chomsky’s TG: phrase structure rules, transformational rules, Dual structure theory ◆ Chomsky’s view on the relationship between linguistics and psychology