The airta对 FA330 type of"Bachstelze"rotorcraft in world war II,dragged by the U-Boat submarine,where pilots can carry out reconnaissance and surveillance in the air,but submarine intense fight often forgotten rotary-wing pilots and consequently suddenly dive.The Japanese developed Kayaba K1 type rotor machine used for reconnaissance, artillery detection and anti-submarine warfare. After the outbreak of the Second World War,the competition between the United States and Germany become more intense.In 1938,the German flew and showed the transverse double rotor Focke-Achgelis F.61 helicopters,stirring all over the world. This stimulated the authority in the United States.The government soon transferred the whole energy and development fund to the helicopter development.Although at that time the rotorcraft can fly across the English Channel,and used commercially,the helicopters got military aid constantly,and achieved further rapid development. Rotorcraft almost be abandoned. In 1953,Igor Bensen founded Bensen aircraft manufacturing company in South Carolina,and developed a batch production craft for ordinary people.The company's B-8M type Gyrocopter rotorcraft created the success of her first flight in 1955 and created the history of light rotorcraft.It created the light rotorcraft movement,the renaissance of rotorcraft,and make it become one of the most popular of all the homemade aircraft. 1.4 The domestic and foreign situation Rotor machine is the first practical rotor aircraft which can operate the flight stability.Its principle was born with security,and has the ability of vertical take-off and super short landing.Military demand and funding,once is the motive force of auto gyro aircraft improvement and innovation,and also a goal of development of the current rotorcraft.The committee NACA made a lot of institutions such as targeted wind tunnel test and demonstration,Pitcairn XOP-1 rotorcraft shipboard tests have been carried out in September 1931.As the competition became more intense,many companies continuously innovated rotorcraft design,Kellett's rotorcraft KD-1 firstly used the rotor which can be directly manipulated rotated.E.Burke Wilford's W.R.K. rotorcraft began to use cycle variable pitch rotor system,and tried not to install the wings.For military requirements at low speed,vertical take-off and landing,various companies and research institutions carried out their research on ricochet technology study. Although rotorcraft can't compete with helicopters once due to its uncovers,and then got in silence for many years,but the technology advantage has attracted attention in the field ofaviation technology.And then the emergence ofrotor blade tip drive technology,as well as the compound helicopters,is an extension of the rotor rotation technique.Especially in recent years,considering the economy and safety of gyroplane,the small rotorcraft widely developed in aviation enthusiasts,and 6
The air taxi 6 FA330 type of “Bachstelze" rotorcraft in world war II , dragged by the U - Boat submarine, where pilots can carry out reconnaissance and surveillance in the air , but submarine intense fight often forgotten rotary-wing pilots and consequently suddenly dive. The Japanese developed Kayaba K1 type rotor machine used for reconnaissance, artillery detection and anti-submarine warfare. After the outbreak of the Second World War, the competition between the United States and Germany become more intense. In 1938, the German flew and showed the transverse double rotor Focke - Achgelis F. 61 helicopters, stirring all over the world. This stimulated the authority in the United States. The government soon transferred the whole energy and development fund to the helicopter development. Although at that time the rotorcraft can fly across the English Channel, and used commercially, the helicopters got military aid constantly, and achieved further rapid development. Rotorcraft almost be abandoned. In 1953, Igor Bensen founded Bensen aircraft manufacturing company in South Carolina, and developed a batch production craft for ordinary people. The company’s B – 8M type Gyrocopter rotorcraft created the success of her first flight in 1955 and created the history of light rotorcraft. It created the light rotorcraft movement, the renaissance of rotorcraft, and make it become one of the most popular of all the homemade aircraft. 1.4 The domestic and foreign situation. Rotor machine is the first practical rotor aircraft which can operate the flight stability. Its principle was born with security, and has the ability of vertical take-off and super short landing. Military demand and funding, once is the motive force of auto gyro aircraft improvement and innovation, and also a goal of development of the current rotorcraft. The committee NACA made a lot of institutions such as targeted wind tunnel test and demonstration, Pitcairn XOP - 1 rotorcraft shipboard tests have been carried out in September 1931. As the competition became more intense, many companies continuously innovated rotorcraft design, Kellett’s rotorcraft KD - 1 firstly used the rotor which can be directly manipulated rotated. E.Burke Wilford’s W.R.K. rotorcraft began to use cycle variable pitch rotor system, and tried not to install the wings. For military requirements at low speed, vertical take-off and landing, various companies and research institutions carried out their research on ricochet technology study. Although rotorcraft can't compete with helicopters once due to its uncovers, and then got in silence for many years, but the technology advantage has attracted attention in the field of aviation technology. And then the emergence of rotor blade tip drive technology, as well as the compound helicopters, is an extension of the rotor rotation technique. Especially in recent years, considering the economy and safety of gyroplane, the small rotorcraft widely developed in aviation enthusiasts, and
The airta对 government institutions in some countries have focused on the development of the rotorcraft. NASA is funding the development of the rotorcraft Carter Copter,allegedly the maximum level flight speed of which is 804.5 km/h or higher.GBA company recently got the government funding in developing large jet engine type rotor machine.Carter Copter is an aircraft and rotorcraft composite aircraft.Rotor can be simple gearing peroration,with about 27 kg weight on the blade tip,so the rotor in the peroration can reserve more energy for harrier jump after take-off,and allow the rotor still have a good stability in cruise state when at low speed.Cruise flight rotor total distance is reduced,so that the resistance is reduced to be as little as possible,most ofthe lift of which are from fixed wings on the sides. In October 2005,MV-22 osprey project was approved to enter full-rate production, and initial effective in 2007,ending this trial for a period of 18 years.The U.S. defense department official announced that the first five V-22 OSPREY tilt rotorcrafts will be used in the United States Marine Corps.Then the advanced model will be equipped with U.S.Army all around. ●N121CC Figure 1 Carter Copter aircraft 1
The air taxi 7 government institutions in some countries have focused on the development of the rotorcraft. NASA is funding the development of the rotorcraft Carter Copter, allegedly the maximum level flight speed of which is 804.5 km/h or higher. GBA company recently got the government funding, in developing large jet engine type rotor machine. Carter Copter is an aircraft and rotorcraft composite aircraft. Rotor can be simple gearing peroration, with about 27 kg weight on the blade tip, so the rotor in the peroration can reserve more energy for harrier jump after take-off, and allow the rotor still have a good stability in cruise state when at low speed. Cruise flight rotor total distance is reduced, so that the resistance is reduced to be as little as possible, most of the lift of which are from fixed wings on the sides. In October 2005, MV - 22 osprey project was approved to enter full-rate production, and initial effective in 2007, ending this trial for a period of 18 years. The U.S. defense department official announced that the first five V - 22 OSPREY tilt rotorcrafts will be used in the United States Marine Corps. Then the advanced model will be equipped with U.S. Army all around. Figure 1 Carter Copter aircraft
The airtaxi Figure 2 V-22 OSPREY tilt rotorcrafts Rotorcraft is still a rare aircraft in China,especially large and medium-sized rotorcraft,of which markets,using fields and development model is almost a blank Rotor aerodynamic characteristics study is rare,the only research is led by professor Gao Zhen's team on the aerodynamic characteristics of helicopter rotor rotation on exploring the research,and introduced abroad in cooperation with the military and civilian battalion company small rotorcraft,accumulated a certain amount of rotor machine design and the use ofengineering experience. 1.5 Fundamental principle Gyroplane is a kind of rotor aircraft using rotor as the propeller lifting surface, push/pull or other means ofenergy as power. 一 力 高合器 顾转传动绳件 粥编发动机 层传动输 飞轮组件（商合器）主传动铺 发动机 Figure 3 a)typical helicopter b)typical medium to large-scale gyroplane From the appearance,gyroplane and helicopters are very similar,they are equipped with a pair of big rotor above the fuselage;there are also some small fixed wing and fuselage,tail,landing gear,and power plant.Gyroplane remains the state of rotation relying on the flow moving ahead,so once the engine parking in the air,it can directly landing rely on the rotor rotation,while the helicopter rotor need a shift into the process of rotation manipulation,so gyroplane doesn't have avoiding area at low
The air taxi 8 Figure 2 V - 22 OSPREY tilt rotorcrafts Rotorcraft is still a rare aircraft in China, especially large and medium-sized rotorcraft, of which markets, using fields and development model is almost a blank. Rotor aerodynamic characteristics study is rare, the only research is led by professor Gao Zhen’s team on the aerodynamic characteristics of helicopter rotor rotation on exploring the research, and introduced abroad in cooperation with the military and civilian battalion company small rotorcraft, accumulated a certain amount of rotor machine design and the use of engineering experience. 1.5 Fundamental principle. Gyroplane is a kind of rotor aircraft using rotor as the propeller lifting surface, push/pull or other means of energy as power. Figure 3 a) typical helicopter b）typical medium to large-scale gyroplane From the appearance, gyroplane and helicopters are very similar, they are equipped with a pair of big rotor above the fuselage; there are also some small fixed wing and fuselage, tail, landing gear, and power plant. Gyroplane remains the state of rotation relying on the flow moving ahead, so once the engine parking in the air, it can directly landing rely on the rotor rotation, while the helicopter rotor need a shift into the process of rotation manipulation, so gyroplane doesn't have avoiding area at low
The airta对 speed like helicopter,which is more secure. Rotorcraft rotor rotation doesn't motive to the deceleration of the rotor and driving device;Also due to the rotor rotation,it doesn't need to balance the rotor torque of the tail rotor,so its structure is greatly simplified.The structure complexity,and flight control mode is more close to the propeller aircraft.So the manufacture,using maintenance cost is far less than a helicopter.Rotorcraft rotors provide lift and pitch and roll attitude control torque.Using rotor peroration technology,that is,through the transmission device transferring rotor pioneer in advance before taking off,and then through cutting off the transmission link of the clutch after taking off make rotorcraft be able to harrier jump or ultra short take-off;And the maneuvering rotor cone can realize point landing,thus it doesn't need a dedicated airport.Gyroplane has both the characteristics of helicopters and aircraft,which has low level,low speed performance and security.It has lower maintenance cost and more simple manipulation than a helicopter manufacturing.With further improved landing and flight performance,the aircraft once again become the focus in the aeronautics field in the last decade. 2.Market Analysis In the 10 years from 2006 to 2015,there is in total of 12195 of the world's civil rotorcrafts produced,annual production capacity decreased from 1417 in 2006 to 1089 in 2015.The market outlook is not optimistic.But the good news is that the annual property ofcivil rotorcraft is still maintained steady growth,up to gross output value of $25 billion,2015 among which annual production remain at around $2.5 billion.Differing from future civilian rotorcraft sales slumping in slow decline, military rotorcraft get rapid growth in market in the next 10 years.Sales volume increased from 334 in 2006 to a peak in 2013,598,after showing modest decline 2.1 Global Market In the 10 years from 2006 to 2015,including the new production of military and civilian using rotorcraft and improved retrofit,the rotorcraft market sales volume will reach 18593,annual sales of 1859,and total output value will reach $126.5 billion,an average of$12.6 billion. The average unit price of military gyroplane is 8 times more than the average unit price of civilian gyroplane,and civil rotorcraft production accounted for 65.59%of the total market,while the output value is only 19.83 %0 of the total output value and is similar to military rotorcraft improvement modification.Military gyroplane production accounted for only 27.24%of the total output,while output value accounted for 66.10%of total output in the 10 years from 2006 to 2015,including improved retrofit
The air taxi 9 speed like helicopter, which is more secure. Rotorcraft rotor rotation doesn’t motive to the deceleration of the rotor and driving device; Also due to the rotor rotation, it doesn’t need to balance the rotor torque of the tail rotor, so its structure is greatly simplified. The structure complexity, and flight control mode is more close to the propeller aircraft. So the manufacture, using, maintenance cost is far less than a helicopter. Rotorcraft rotors provide lift and pitch and roll attitude control torque. Using rotor peroration technology, that is, through the transmission device transferring rotor pioneer in advance before taking off, and then through cutting off the transmission link of the clutch after taking off, make rotorcraft be able to harrier jump or ultra short take-off; And the maneuvering rotor cone can realize point landing, thus it doesn’t need a dedicated airport. Gyroplane has both the characteristics of helicopters and aircraft, which has low level, low speed performance and security. It has lower maintenance cost and more simple manipulation than a helicopter manufacturing. With further improved landing and flight performance, the aircraft once again become the focus in the aeronautics field in the last decade. 2. Market Analysis In the 10 years from 2006 to 2015, there is in total of 12195 of the world's civil rotorcrafts produced, annual production capacity decreased from 1417 in 2006 to 1089 in 2015. The market outlook is not optimistic. But the good news is that the annual property of civil rotorcraft is still maintained steady growth, up to gross output value of $25 billion, 2015 among which annual production remain at around $2.5 billion. Differing from future civilian rotorcraft sales slumping in slow decline, military rotorcraft get rapid growth in market in the next 10 years. Sales volume increased from 334 in 2006 to a peak in 2013, 598, after showing modest decline. 2.1 Global Market In the 10 years from 2006 to 2015, including the new production of military and civilian using rotorcraft and improved retrofit, the rotorcraft market sales volume will reach 18593, annual sales of 1859, and total output value will reach $126.5 billion, an average of $12.6 billion. The average unit price of military gyroplane is 8 times more than the average unit price of civilian gyroplane, and civil rotorcraft production accounted for 65.59% of the total market, while the output value is only 19.83 ‰ of the total output value and is similar to military rotorcraft improvement modification. Military gyroplane production accounted for only 27.24% of the total output, while output value accounted for 66.10% of total output in the 10 years from 2006 to 2015, including improved retrofit
The airta对 3000 1200 2500 1000 2000 800 1500 1000 500 200 0 总计 2006一2015世界民用旋翼机产量（架，改型项目除外） 2006一2015世界军用旋机产量（架，改型项目除外） Figure 4 World wide civil and military gyroplane production in 2006-2015 直% 胶清2济 你/接.6%尔/古% 2005一2010年世界翼机市场份额分布（架，包括主要改型） 2006一2010年世界镜翼机市场份额分布（产值，包括主要改型） Figure 5 Worldwide gyroplane market distributions From the figure,We can find that,the output value of the three former columns mainly are Boeing company engaged in military rotor machine development and production of Sikorsky engaged in large and medium-sized military and civil rotor machine development,and the European helicopter company engaged in military and civil rotor machine development and production.From the point of national and regional distribution,the United States accounts for more than 53% of the total output value of the rotorcraft,while Europe accounts for 31%and 5% in Russia. From the above analysis,no matter from the historical data of yield and output value of rotorcraft or forecast for the next 10 years,the world rotorcraft market basically is still in the giants monopoly of United States and the European,where competition is mainly between them.Including Russia and China,rotorcraft industry development space will be strong compressed from the United States and Europe.The outlook is not optimistic,how to find rotorcraft industry development in our country is what we need to seriously study in the United States and Europe rotorcraft industry giants. 2.2 Navigation aircraft and airport development. The development of navigation aircraft is remarkable in European countries,while is just sprout in China.As the development of air taxi,there will be more civil airport for gyroplane to take off and land and consequently increase the production rate of navigation and then improve the operate environment of air taxi reversely. Currently there is about 340000 navigation aircrafts around the world,and the 10
The air taxi 10 Figure 4 Worldwide civil and military gyroplane production in 2006-2015 Figure 5 Worldwide gyroplane market distributions From the figure, We can find that, the output value of the three former columns mainly are Boeing company engaged in military rotor machine development and production of, Sikorsky engaged in large and medium-sized military and civil rotor machine development, and the European helicopter company engaged in military and civil rotor machine development and production. From the point of national and regional distribution, the United States accounts for more than 53% of the total output value of the rotorcraft, while Europe accounts for 31% and 5% in Russia. From the above analysis, no matter from the historical data of yield and output value of rotorcraft or forecast for the next 10 years, the world rotorcraft market basically is still in the giants monopoly of United States and the European, where competition is mainly between them. Including Russia and China, rotorcraft industry development space will be strong compressed from the United States and Europe. The outlook is not optimistic, how to find rotorcraft industry development in our country is what we need to seriously study in the United States and Europe rotorcraft industry giants. 2.2 Navigation aircraft and airport development. The development of navigation aircraft is remarkable in European countries, while is just sprout in China. As the development of air taxi, there will be more civil airport for gyroplane to take off and land and consequently increase the production rate of navigation and then improve the operate environment of air taxi reversely. Currently there is about 340000 navigation aircrafts around the world, and the