Table 6.2 Table 6.2 Voter preferences that lead to cycling Voter Choice Cosmo Elaine eorge First Second Third ABC CAB BCA
Table 6.2
Direct Democracy Majority Voting rule example In Table 6.2, imagine a series of paired elections to determine the most preferred level Elaine,s preferences are the only ones that have changed The quantity a would win in an election of A vS B(by a vote of 2-1, with Cosmo and Elaine voting for A) The quantity B would win in an election of B vS C(by a vote of 2-1, with Cosmo and George voting for B) The quantity c would win in an election of A vs C (by a vote of 2-1, with Elaine and George voting for B) 17
17 Direct Democracy: Majority Voting rule example • In Table 6.2, imagine a series of paired elections to determine the most preferred level. Elaine’s preferences are the only ones that have changed. – The quantity A would win in an election of A vs. B (by a vote of 2-1, with Cosmo and Elaine voting for A). – The quantity B would win in an election of B vs. C (by a vote of 2-1, with Cosmo and George voting for B). – The quantity C would win in an election of A vs. C (by a vote of 2-1, with Elaine and George voting for B)
Direct Democracy Majority Voting rule example Thus, the ultimate outcome depends crucially on the order in which the votes are taken It is clear in this example that whichever quantity was not considered in the first round would ultimately win Agenda manipulation is the process of organizing the order of votes to assure a favorable outcome 18
18 Direct Democracy: Majority Voting rule example • Thus, the ultimate outcome depends crucially on the order in which the votes are taken. • It is clear in this example that whichever quantity was not considered in the first round would ultimately win. • Agenda manipulation is the process of organizing the order of votes to assure a favorable outcome
Direct Democracy Majority Voting rule example Another problem is cycling: paired voting can go on forever without reaching a decision 19
19 Direct Democracy: Majority Voting rule example • Another problem is cycling: paired voting can go on forever without reaching a decision