With a home full of foster children she was always busy vt. bring up; nurture收养:照料 To foster a child is to take another person's child into your own family and look after them for a period of several weeks, months, or years, but without becoming their legal parent e.g. We fostered the young girl while her mother was in hospital When they are fostered, boys have more behavior problems than girls To adopt a child is to leagally and permanently take another persons child into your family and treat them as if they were one of your own children e.g. Teenagers who discover they were adopted often search for their biolog ical parents (Efy 父母) when they are old enough 4. she had straight A's and scholarship offers from some of.:she got all A's and was offered scholarship by some of….她取得了全优的成绩以及(这个国家最享盛名的几所大学)提供 的奖学金 straight: a continuous unbroken e.g. We lost six straight games Our team has had five straight wins this summer cholarship n. 1)a grant of financial aid awarded to a student, as for the purpose of attending a 奖学金 2) knowledge resulting from study and research in a particular field学识;学术 成就 e.g. He had won a scholarship to this school I've applied for a scholarship to study computer science at Columbia University Scholarship is also serious academic study, and the knowledge that is obtained as a result a teacher of great scholarship Her latest publication is a fine piece of scholarship This book has been written with admirable scholarship Translation No 8: As time was running out, we drove even faster in hopes that we could make it to the airport 1.owe:t.(to)1) have sth.( usually sth. good) because of把.归功于 2) have to pay, for sth already done or given e.g. I owe my knowledge of music to my mother I owe it to my colleagues that I have been able to finish this work We owe our success to our parents and teachers When I asked him to pay me what he owed, he went purple with rage(气得脸色发紫) He owed the store a hundred and eighty nine pounds Para. 4 1. Kim-Chi is part of a wave of bright, highly-motivated Asian-Americans who are suddenl
１６ With a home full of foster children she was always busy. vt. bring up; nurture 收养；照料 To foster a child is to take another person's child into your own family and look after them for a period of several weeks, months, or years, but without becoming their legal parent. e.g. We fostered the young girl while her mother was in hospital. When they are fostered, boys have more behavior problems than girls. Compare adopt To adopt a child is to leagally and permanently take another person's child into your family and treat them as if they were one of your own children. e.g. Teenagers who discover they were adopted often search for their biological parents （生身 父母）when they are old enough. Many childless couples adopt homeless orphans. 4. she had straight A's and scholarship offers from some of ...: she got all A's and was offered scholarship by some of ... 她取得了全优的成绩以及 (这个国家最享盛名的几所大学) 提供 的奖学金 straight: a. continuous, unbroken e.g. We lost six straight games Our team has had five straight wins this summer. scholarship: n. 1) a grant of financial aid awarded to a student, as for the purpose of attending a college. 奖学金 2) knowledge resulting from study and research in a particular field 学识；学术 成就 e.g. He had won a scholarship to this school. I've applied for a scholarship to study computer science at Columbia University. Scholarship is also serious academic study, and the knowledge that is obtained as a result of it. a teacher of great scholarship Her latest publication is a fine piece of scholarship. This book has been written with admirable scholarship. Translation: No.8: As time was running out, we drove even faster in hopes that we could make it to the airport in time. Para.3 1. owe: vt. (to) 1) have sth. (usually sth. good) because of 把…归功于 2) have to pay, for sth. already done or given 欠 e.g. I owe my knowledge of music to my mother I owe it to my colleagues that I have been able to finish this work. We owe our success to our parents and teachers. When I asked him to pay me what he owed, he went purple with rage （气得脸色发紫）. He owed the store a hundred and eighty nine pounds. Para.4 1. Kim-Chi is part of a wave of bright, highly-motivated Asian-Americans who are suddenly
surging into our best colleges. Kim-Chi is one of a large number of brilliant, ambitious Asian immigrants who are rushing into our best colleges.金枝是一群聪明伶俐、积极进取的美籍亚 裔中的一员,他们正突然潮水般地涌入我们最好的大学 wave:n.an unusually large number (of things, of a similar or bad type, happening within the same period) e.g. a wave of new arrival The country was swept by a wave of terrorism The statement has started a wave of protests motivate:vt(often pass. )1) provide(sb )with a(strong)need, purpose or reason for doing sth [常被动]激发.的积极性 2)使有动机 e.g. We are looking for someone who will be able to motivate the staff to work hard My decision to make this trip was motivated by a simple desire to leave the country He was motivated only by his wish to help me, and expected nothing in return surge:vi.move,esp. forward, in or like powerful waves(如浪潮般)汹涌;奔腾 eg. The crowd surged out of the stadium.人群从体育场涌出。 n. a sudden and powerful increase in an emotion or feeling(感情等的)洋溢或奔放 e.g. She felt a surge of affection for hir A surge of anger rushed over him. constitute:vt.1) form or make up形成;构成 2) formally establish or appoint组建;选派 e.g. What constitutes a balanced diet? Twelve months constitute a year.十二个月构成一年。 We constitute you our spokesman Translation: No 6: As one of the many Asian students who have surged into the best American universities recent years, Zhang Hua says that many of his ideas are based on the traditional Chinese Para.5 1. grind:n.(AmE, often derog) a student who is al ways working(美)[常贬义]用功的学生 书呆子 2. as some stereotypes suggest: like the general impression created by some typical Asian Americans像一些陈旧的看法所暗示的那样 stereotype: n a fixed pattern which is believed to represent a type of person or event iTEE 式,老套 e.g. She does not fit the stereotype of a woman who spends all her time with her children break through the stereotypes破除陈规,打破旧框框 3. Or can we learn a lesson from them about values we have long treasured but may have misplaced -like hard work, the family and education?-Or can we learn some useful practical wisdom from Asian-Americans about moral principles like hard work, the family and education, which we have long considered to be of great worth but which we may have temporarily forgotten?或者在我们一向珍视,但也许已经丢失的价值观-如敬业、家庭和 教育等方面,我们是否可以向他们学到一些有用的东西呢
１７ surging into our best colleges.: Kim-Chi is one of a large number of brilliant, ambitious Asian immigrants who are rushing into our best colleges. 金枝是一群聪明伶俐、积极进取的美籍亚 裔中的一员，他们正突然潮水般地涌入我们最好的大学 wave: n. an unusually large number (of things, of a similar or bad type, happening within the same period) e.g. a wave of new arrival The country was swept by a wave of terrorism. The statement has started a wave of protests. motivate: vt. (often pass.) 1) provide (sb.) with a (strong) need, purpose or reason for doing sth. ［常被动］激发…的积极性 2) 使有动机 e.g. We are looking for someone who will be able to motivate the staff to work hard. My decision to make this trip was motivated by a simple desire to leave the country. He was motivated only by his wish to help me, and expected nothing in return. surge: vi. move, esp. forward, in or like powerful waves（如浪潮般）汹涌；奔腾 e.g. The crowd surged out of the stadium. 人群从体育场涌出。 n. a sudden and powerful increase in an emotion or feeling（感情等的）洋溢或奔放 e.g. She felt a surge of affection for him. A surge of anger rushed over him. constitute: vt. 1) form or make up 形成；构成 2) formally establish or appoint 组建；选派 e.g. What constitutes a balanced diet? Twelve months constitute a year. 十二个月构成一年。 We constitute you our spokesman. Translation: No.6: As one of the many Asian students who have surged into the best American universities in recent years, Zhang Hua says that many of his ideas are based on the traditional Chinese philosophy. Para.5 1. grind: n. (AmE, often derog.) a student who is always working（美）[常贬义] 用功的学生， 书呆子 2. as some stereotypes suggest: like the general impression created by some typical Asian Americans 像一些陈旧的看法所暗示的那样 stereotype: n. a fixed pattern which is believed to represent a type of person or event 固定形 式，老套 e.g. She does not fit the stereotype of a woman who spends all her time with her children. break through the stereotypes 破除陈规, 打破旧框框 3. Or can we learn a lesson from them about values we have long treasured but may have misplaced – like hard work, the family and education? — Or can we learn some useful, practical wisdom from Asian-Americans about moral principles like hard work, the family and education, which we have long considered to be of great worth but which we may have temporarily forgotten? 或者在我们一向珍视，但也许已经丢失的价值观----如敬业、家庭和 教育等方面，我们是否可以向他们学到一些有用的东西呢
values: n (pl )the established ideas of life, objects, customs, ways of acting, and the like, that members of a given society regarded as desirable生活的理想,道德标准,社会准则 e.g. One way to judge a society is to consider its values Val ues are continually shaping reactions of individuals to their own and other's behavior treasure: vt. regard as valuable, keep as precious e.g. She treasures that doll more than other toys This pen that my grandfather gave me is one of my most treasured possessions misplace:vt.1)lose(sth.),usu. for only a limited time(暂时)丢弃 2) put in an unsuitable or wrong place把.放错地方 e.g. He has misplaced his glass again Mr. Smith used to misplace his keys so often that his secretary had to carry spare ones for Your trust in that man is misplaced; he'll deceive you if he gets the chance Para. 6 1. And many Asian-Americans resent being labeled a"model minority, "feeling that this is a reverse discrimination by white Americans - a contrast to the laws that excluded Asian immigrants from the US until 1965, but prejudice nevertheless: And Asian-Americans are indignant about being described as a good example for minorities, which they feel is racial discrimination by white Americans in another fom, and which, though different from the discriminatory laws that kept most Asian immigrants out of the US until 196 when the laws were cancelled, was still prejudice against minorities许多美籍亚裔人不喜欢 被称为“模范的少数民族”,他们感到这是美国白人的逆向歧视-虽与1965年以前排斥大 多数亚洲移民进入美国的法律截然不同,但仍是一种偏见 resent:vt. feel anger and dislike about sth.对..表示愤恨 e.g. Cathy said she felt we resented her. The little boy resents being called a fool by his friends He resented being kept waiting label: vt:1) describe as belonging to a particular kind or class把,称为;把.列为 2) attach a label to贴标签于:用标签标明 n标签 e. g. His enemies labeled him a thief He was labeled (as)a conservative The bottle is labeled poison Remember to put some address labels on the suitcases reverse discrimination: the making of distinctions in favour of groups considered disadvantaged or underprivileged逆向歧视,反其道而行之的歧视 Reverse discrimination means acting in a way which will give special benefit to those who frequently fail to get jobs or other positions in society because they are black, female, etc. It is discrimination against white. males. etc exclude:vt. keep out from a place or an activity阻止…进入;把排斥在外 e.g. Tom has been excluded from school for bad behavior Mary was on a special diet that excluded dairy products These are jobs from which the majority of workers are excluded
１８ values: n. (pl.) the established ideas of life, objects, customs, ways of acting, and the like, that members of a given society regarded as desirable 生活的理想, 道德标准, 社会准则 e.g. One way to judge a society is to consider its values. Values are continually shaping reactions of individuals to their own and other's behavior. treasure: vt. regard as valuable; keep as precious e.g. She treasures that doll more than other toys. This pen that my grandfather gave me is one of my most treasured possessions. misplace: vt.1) lose (sth.), usu. for only a limited time (暂时)丢弃 2) put in an unsuitable or wrong place 把…放错地方 e.g. He has misplaced his glass again. Mr. Smith used to misplace his keys so often that his secretary had to carry spare ones for him. Your trust in that man is misplaced; he'll deceive you if he gets the chance. Para.6 1. And many Asian-Americans resent being labeled a “model minority,” feeling that this is a reverse discrimination by white Americans -- a contrast to the laws that excluded most Asian immigrants from the US until 1965, but prejudice nevertheless: And many Asian-Americans are indignant about being described as a good example for minorities, which they feel is racial discrimination by white Americans in another form, and which, though different from the discriminatory laws that kept most Asian immigrants out of the US until 1965 when the laws were cancelled, was still prejudice against minorities. 许多美籍亚裔人不喜欢 被称为“模范的少数民族”，他们感到这是美国白人的逆向歧视----虽与 1965 年以前排斥大 多数亚洲移民进入美国的法律截然不同，但仍是一种偏见 resent: vt. feel anger and dislike about sth. 对…表示愤恨 e.g. Cathy said she felt we resented her. The little boy resents being called a fool by his friends. He resented being kept waiting. label: vt.1) describe as belonging to a particular kind or class 把…称为；把…列为 2) attach a label to 贴标签于；用标签标明 n.标签 e.g. His enemies labeled him a thief. He was labeled (as) a conservative. The bottle is labeled poison. Remember to put some address labels on the suitcases. reverse discrimination: the making of distinctions in favour of groups considered disadvantaged or underprivileged 逆向歧视，反其道而行之的歧视 Reverse discrimination means acting in a way which will give special benefit to those who frequently fail to get jobs or other positions in society because they are black, female, etc. It is discrimination against white, males, etc. exclude: vt. keep out from a place or an activity 阻止…进入；把…排斥在外 e.g. Tom has been excluded from school for bad behavior. Mary was on a special diet that excluded dairy products. These are jobs from which the majority of workers are excluded
nevertheless: ad. in spite of that; nonetheless; however e.g. He succeeded nevertheless过他还是成功了 Translation No 4: He resented being excluded from discussions that directly concerned his future 1. series: n. 1)(of) a set or group of things of the same kind or(pl series)related in some way, coming one after another or in order系列;连接 2) a succession of continuously numbered volumes of a publication or a set of television or radio programs in which each one tells the next part of a story or deals with the same kind of subject.丛书;广播(或电视)系列节目 e. g. There has been a series of accidents on this stretch(一段路程) of road recently She gave a series of lectures at the university last year on American culture A new comedy series will be shown on TV next month I missed the second episode of the series so I dont know what's going on now. 2. counterparts in Beijing: students at the same grade I counterpart:n a person or thing that has the same purpose or does the same job as another in a different system对应的人(或物);对手(方) e.g. The Prime Minister met his European counterparts last week. the English Merchant Bank and its American counterpart, the Wall Street Investment Bank 3. a battery of math tests: a series of math tests battery: n. 1)(of) a set or number of things of the same kind occurring in rapid succession 组:一系列 A battery of things, people or events is a large number of them that are together in one place, or a large number of similar events happening within a short period of time e.g. Batteries of cameras were set to record every phase of the eclipse(日、月食) a battery of experts failed to discover the cause of the accident The car won't start because the battery is dead Translation No. 2: American children can usually watch TV three hours a day, whereas their Chinese counterparts have to work on their homework most of the time after school No. 3: His development of a series of new research methods led to his huge success. He said he owed all this to his parents'encouragement Para. 8 1. But if the differences in performance are showing up in kindergarten, it suggests something is happening in the family, .. But if students in kindergarten are beginning to show differences in how they do in math tests, it makes people think that Asian parents must be doing something to help their children in the family.,但是如果成绩上的差异在幼儿园 就开始显现,那就表明事情出在家庭中 show up: (cause sth to)be easily seen e.g. The detective put a chemical on the paper, and the fingertips showed up White shows up well against blue
１９ nevertheless: ad. in spite of that; nonetheless; however e.g. He succeeded nevertheless.不过他还是成功了。 Translation: No.4: He resented being excluded from discussions that directly concerned his future. Para.7 1. series: n. 1) (of) a set or group of things of the same kind or (pl. series) related in some way, coming one after another or in order 系列；连接 2) a succession of continuously numbered volumes of a publication or a set of television or radio programs in which each one tells the next part of a story or deals with the same kind of subject.丛书；广播（或电视）系列节目 e.g. There has been a series of accidents on this stretch （一段路程）of road recently. She gave a series of lectures at the university last year on American culture. A new comedy series will be shown on TV next month. I missed the second episode of the series so I don't know what's going on now. 2. counterparts in Beijing: students at the same grade levels in Beijing counterpart: n. a person or thing that has the same purpose or does the same job as another in a different system 对应的人（或物）；对手(方) e.g. The Prime Minister met his European counterparts last week. the English Merchant Bank and its American counterpart, the Wall Street Investment Bank 3. a battery of math tests: a series of math tests battery : n. 1) (of) a set or number of things of the same kind occurring in rapid succession 一 组；一系列 2) 电池(组) A battery of things, people or events is a large number of them that are together in one place, or a large number of similar events happening within a short period of time. e.g. Batteries of cameras were set to record every phase of the eclipse（日、月食）. A battery of experts failed to discover the cause of the accident. The car won’t start because the battery is dead. Translation: No.2: American children can usually watch TV three hours a day, whereas their Chinese counterparts have to work on their homework most of the time after school. No.3: His development of a series of new research methods led to his huge success. He said he owed all this to his parents’ encouragement. Para.8 1. But if the differences in performance are showing up in kindergarten, it suggests something is happening in the family, …: But if students in kindergarten are beginning to show differences in how they do in math tests, it makes people think that Asian parents must be doing something to help their children in the family, …但是如果成绩上的差异在幼儿园 就开始显现，那就表明事情出在家庭中 show up: (cause sth. to) be easily seen e.g. The detective put a chemical on the paper, and the fingertips showed up. White shows up well against blue
This test shows up your weakness in arithmetic No 5: The fact that these problems are continually showing up suggests that this new device has to 1. It is here that various researchers'different studies converge: It is on this point that various researchers' different studies become identical正是在这一点上,各研究者的不同研究趋于了 致 converge:vi.( of two or more things) come together towards the same point(在一点上)会合 集中 e.g. All the paths across the park converge at the main gate Their ideas seem to be converging Our previously opposed views are beginning to converge The emphatic form It be. that/who. can be used to place emphasis on the subject, object or adverbial, but not on the verb predicate of a sentence. If the subject is a person, either"that"oI e.g. Mary got a very beautiful birthday present from her aunt. -lt was Mary that/who got a very beautiful birthday present from her aunt.(Emphasis on It was a very beautiful birthday present that Mary got from her aunt(Emphasis on the object) -It was from her aunt that Mary got a very beautiful birthday present.(Emphasis on the 2 the bottom line: the basic point基本要点 e.g. The bottom line is that we need another ten thousand dollars to complete the project Skip the details and give the bottom line imbue their offspring with this kind of motivation: inspire in their children the willingness to make such efforts将这种学习动力灌输给他们的后代 mbue:v(wih)(usu.pas) to fill with(sth, often a strong feeling or opinion)[常被动]灌输 (某种强烈的情感或意见) e.g. She imbued him with a sense of self-worth be imbued with patriotism, ambition, love, etc Yue Fei's mother imbued him with a sense of patriotism le was able to imbue even the friendliest words with a tone of biting criticism 2. by contrast: very differently( from sth. previously mentioned); on the other hand对比之下 By contrast is used to indicate how different one thing or person is from another thing or person e.g. He had almost failed the exam, but his sister, by contrast, had done very well Their economy has expanded enormously in the last five years whereas ours, by/in contrast, has declined Translation
２０ This test shows up your weakness in arithmetic. Translation: No.5: The fact that these problems are continually showing up suggests that this new device has to be readjusted. Para.9 1. It is here that various researchers' different studies converge: It is on this point that various researchers' different studies become identical 正是在这一点上，各研究者的不同研究趋于了 一致 converge: vi. (of two or more things) come together towards the same point （在一点上）会合； 集中 e.g. All the paths across the park converge at the main gate. Their ideas seem to be converging. Our previously opposed views are beginning to converge. The emphatic form It be …that/who…can be used to place emphasis on the subject, object or adverbial, but not on the verb predicate of a sentence. If the subject is a person, either “that” or “who” can be used, for example: e.g. Mary got a very beautiful birthday present from her aunt. →It was Mary that/who got a very beautiful birthday present from her aunt. (Emphasis on the subject) →It was a very beautiful birthday present that Mary got from her aunt. (Emphasis on the object) →It was from her aunt that Mary got a very beautiful birthday present. (Emphasis on the adverbvial) 2. the bottom line: the basic point 基本要点 e.g. The bottom line is that we need another ten thousand dollars to complete the project. Skip the details and give the bottom line. Para.10 1. imbue their offspring with this kind of motivation: inspire in their children the willingness to make such efforts 将这种学习动力灌输给他们的后代 imbue: v. (with)(usu. pass.) to fill with (sth., often a strong feeling or opinion) ［常被动］灌输 （某种强烈的情感或意见） e.g. She imbued him with a sense of self-worth. be imbued with patriotism, ambition, love, etc. Yue Fei's mother imbued him with a sense of patriotism. He was able to imbue even the friendliest words with a tone of biting criticism. 2. by contrast: very differently (from sth. previously mentioned); on the other hand 对比之下 By contrast is used to indicate how different one thing or person is from another thing or person mentioned earlier. e.g. He had almost failed the exam, but his sister, by contrast, had done very well. Their economy has expanded enormously in the last five years whereas ours, by/in contrast, has declined. Translation: