KI for Design of Complex Systems KORER ADVANCED INSTITUTE CF SCIEHCE AHD TECHHCLOOY Example Design Axioms:AD The 1st Axiom (Independence Axiom) Always maintain the independence of FRs o Choose independent and minimal FRs to satisfy CNs Ensure each FR is independently satisfied by a DP Uncoupled;Decoupled;Coupled design FR11 (DP11 FR11 DP11 FR12=0 FR12 DP12 DP13 FR13 DP13 FR13 DP13 The 2nd Axiom (Information Axiom) For those designs satisfy the 1st axiom,the best one has the minimal information content Information content is defined in terms of its probability of satisfying a specific FRs Fall 2007 Stephen Lu KAIST Study Design Thinking to Make Design of Complex Systems Simple 21
Example Design Axioms: AD Example Design Axioms: AD The 1st Axiom (Independence Axiom) ine Always maintain the independence of FRs Choose independent and minimal FRs to satisfy CNs e Ensure each FR is independently satisfied by a DP cture 6 Outl Ensure each FR is independently satisfied by a DP Uncoupled; Decoupled; Coupled design ⎧ FR11 ⎪ ⎫ ⎪ ⎡ XOO⎤ ⎧ DP11 ⎪ ⎫ ⎪ ⎧ FR11 ⎪ ⎫ ⎪ ⎡ XOO⎤ ⎧ DP11 ⎪ ⎫ ⎪ ⎧ FR11 ⎪ ⎫ ⎪ ⎡ XOX⎤ ⎧ DP11 ⎪ ⎫ ⎪ Le The 2nd Axiom (Information Axiom) FR12 FR13 ⎧ ⎨ ⎪ ⎩ ⎪ ⎫ ⎬ ⎪ ⎭ ⎪ = OXO OOX ⎡ ⎣ ⎢ ⎢ ⎤ ⎦ ⎥ ⎥ • DP12 DP13 ⎧ ⎨ ⎪ ⎩ ⎪ ⎫ ⎬ ⎪ ⎭⎪ FR12 FR13 ⎧ ⎨ ⎪ ⎩ ⎪ ⎫ ⎬ ⎪ ⎭ ⎪ = XXO XXX ⎡ ⎣ ⎢ ⎢ ⎤ ⎦ ⎥ ⎥ • DP12 DP13 ⎧ ⎨ ⎪ ⎩ ⎪ ⎫ ⎬ ⎪ ⎭⎪ FR12 FR13 ⎧ ⎨ ⎪ ⎩ ⎪ ⎫ ⎬ ⎪ ⎭ ⎪ = OXX XXX ⎡ ⎣ ⎢ ⎢ ⎤ ⎦ ⎥ ⎥ • DP12 DP13 ⎧ ⎨ ⎪ ⎩ ⎪ ⎫ ⎬ ⎪ ⎭⎪ The 2 Axiom (Information Axiom) For those designs satisfy the 1st axiom, the best one has the minimal information content Fall 2007 © Stephen Lu @ KAIST [ Study Design Thinking to Make Design of Complex Systems Simple ] 21 Information content is defined in terms of its probability of satisfying a specific FRs
KI for Design of Complex Systems TRIZ Problem-Solving Axioms ◆Basic definitions: Technical system (TS):anything that performs some functions is TS Design resource (DR):A TS is the "fee"(DR)that must be paid to obtain the desired functions Design maxim (DM):designers should try to avoid paying this "fee"by minimize the required DR Some TRIZ axioms to realize the above maxim: An ideal TS is the one that requires no DR at all Such an ideal TS is impossible (has contradictions) Resolving these contradictions lead to new design ideas Fall 2007 Stephen Lu KAIST Study Design Thinking to Make Design of Complex Systems Simple 22
TRIZ Problem TRIZ Problem-Solving Axioms Solving Axioms Basic definitions: ine Basic definitions: Technical system (TS): anything that performs some functions is TS ecture 6 Outl Design resource (DR): A TS is the “fee” (DR) that must be paid to obtain the desired functions D i i (DM) d i h ld t t id L e Design maxim (DM): designers should try to avoid paying this “fee” by minimize the required DR Some TRIZ axioms to realize the above maxim: Some TRIZ axioms to realize the above maxim: An ideal TS is the one that requires no DR at all Such an ideal TS is impossible (has contradictions) Fall 2007 © Stephen Lu @ KAIST [ Study Design Thinking to Make Design of Complex Systems Simple ] 22 p( ) Resolving these contradictions lead to new design ideas
KI for Design of Complex Systems KORER ADVANCED INSTITUTE CF SCIEHCE AHD TECHHCLOOY Example Usages of Design Thinking Practicing Design Thinking is essential The best way to learn Design Thinking is to systematically practice the above mind-sets and principles with real-world design cases Exercising simple designs is better Simple design cases that require minimal specialized domain knowledge are the best exercises for practicing Design Thinking Seeing design results is believing Designers must be able to clearly see the difference (i.e.,resulting complexity of engineered systems)with Design Thinking Innovative design is the ultimate goal Good Design Thinking should yield not only better designs for existing requirements but,more importantly,innovative designs for emerging requirements(to stimulate new market demands) Fall 2007 C Stephen Lu KAIST Study Design Thinking to Make Design of Complex Systems Simple 23
Example Usages of Design Thinking of Design Thinking ine Practicing Design Thinking is essential Practicing Design Thinking is essential The best way to learn Design Thinking is to systematically practice the above mind-sets and principles with real-world design cases Exercising simple designs is better ecture 7 Outl Exercising simple designs is better Simple design cases that require minimal specialized domain knowledge are the best exercises for practicing Design Thinking L e Seeing design results is believing Designers must be able to clearly see the difference (i.e., resulting compy g y ) g g lexity of engineered systems) with Design Thinking Innovative design is the ultimate goal Good Design Thinking should yield not only better designs for existing requirements but more importantly innovative designs Fall 2007 © Stephen Lu @ KAIST [ Study Design Thinking to Make Design of Complex Systems Simple ] 23 existing requirements but, more importantly, innovative designs for emerging requirements (to stimulate new market demands)
KI for Design of Complex Systems KORER ADVANCED INSTITUTE CF SCIEHCE AHD TECHHCLOOY Functional Design:Market Principles The Contrarian innovation principle Target at innovative new functional requirements by thinking along the "reverse directions"(i.e.,contra- thinking)to the current increasing social trends and technological offers The Paradoxical innovation principle ■ Create innovative new products or services to resolve the emerging social trends which cause contradictions and "paradoxes"in customer's lifestyles The Morphological innovation principle Increase the degree of morphing among existing products or services to synergize innovative new functions that can satisfy customer's emerging needs Fall 2007 C Stephen Lu KAIST Study Design Thinking to Make Design of Complex Systems Simple 24
Functional Design: Market Principles Functional Design: Market Principles ine The Contrarian innovation p p rinci ple Target at innovative new functional requirements by thinking along the "reverse directions" (i.e., contraethinking) to the current increasing social trends and cture 7 Outl thinking) to the current increasing social trends and technological offers The Paradoxical innovation principle Le Create innovative new products or services to resolve the emerging social trends which cause contradictions and " p y aradoxes" in customer's lifest yles The Morphological innovation principle Increase the degree of morphing among existing d t i t i i ti Fall 2007 © Stephen Lu @ KAIST [ Study Design Thinking to Make Design of Complex Systems Simple ] 24 pro duc ts or services to synergize innovative new functions that can satisfy customer's emerging needs
KI for Design of Complex Systems KORER ADVANCED INSTITUTE CF SCIEHCE AHD TECHHCLOOY Functional Design:TRIZ Patterns Based on patterns of technical systems evolution, TRIZ suggests that over time,all technical systems (i.e.,artifacts)will evolve according to the following six objective laws: Increasing overall system ideality Non-uniform evolution of subsystems Transition to higher-level systems ■ Increasing system flexibility Shortening energy paths Transition from macro to micro level Designer can use these patterns from the past to choose new design targets(CN/FR)for the future Fall 2007 C Stephen Lu KAIST Study Design Thinking to Make Design of Complex Systems Simple 25
Functional Design: TRIZ Patterns Functional Design: TRIZ Patterns Based on patterns of technical systems evolution, ine TRIZ suggests that over time, all technical systems (i.e., artifacts) will evolve according to the following six objective laws: ecture 7 Outl following six objective laws: Increasing overall system ideality N onuniform e v olution of subsyste m s Le o u o e o ut o o subsyste s Transition to higher-level systems Increasing system flexibility Shortenin g ener gy paths Transition from macro to micro level D i th tt f th t t Fall 2007 © Stephen Lu @ KAIST [ Study Design Thinking to Make Design of Complex Systems Simple ] 25 Designer can use these patterns from the pas t to choose new design targets (CN/FR) for the future