1. General description (1) components: ---cell: muscle fiber-myofiber elongated thread-liked Sarcolemma Sarcoplasm sarcoplasmic reticulum: SER

---skin is the largest organ of the body, it constitutes about 16% of body weight ---its total surface area is about 1.2-2.2 m2 ---function: protection, sensory reception, excretion and thermoregulation

---Closed tubular system ---Blood circulatory or cardiovascular S ---Lymph vascular S

1.General feature: (1) contain more cells and less extracellular ground substance (2) Polarisaton: ---free outer surface: face air or other things ---basal surface: face underlying CT, havebasement membrane (3) Avascularity,but innervation: ---no blood vessels ---rich in nerve terminals

1. Cartilage: organ=Cartilage tissue+perichondrium

《组织学与胚胎学 Histology and Embryology》课程PPT教学课件讲稿（英文版）Chapter 05 Blood and Hemopoiesis

1. General features: （1) small number of cells and large amount of extracellular ground substance （2) extracellular is composed of fibers and amorphous ground substance-matrix （3) all of them originate from mesenchyme￾embryonal CT （4) have functions of connection, supporting, protecting, nutrition, defence and repairing

I. What’s histology? II. Why we study it ? III. How to study it ?-Histologicalmethods

乳腺纤维腺瘤(fibroadenoma of breast)女性乳腺最常见的良性肿瘤发生机制 雌激素增高起一定作用组织发生： 乳腺间质+导管上皮病理特点： 肉眼： 单发结节状肿物，包膜完整，切面灰白，质韧 镜下：疏松黏液样间质+形状各异的腺体

子宫内膜增生症 ( endometrial hyperplasia ) 子宫内膜的周期性变化与卵巢性激素的关系: 雌激素使之增生,孕激素使之分泌病因发病机制：体内雌激素水平持续增高,促使子宫内膜过度增生