对单个资本的研究，说明资本必须完成正常流通过程，即能够买到所需的生产资料和生 活资料，能够卖出所生产的全部商品，实现商品的价值，才能使资本价值增殖。但是，每个 资本从哪里买到所需的生产要素，所生产的产品又卖给谁的问题尚未加以说明

1. Please express the model of natural rate of unemployment according to Blanchard’s book and then give your comments. 2. How can you explain the aggregate demand and aggregate supply curves. How they are different from the usual definition on demand and supply curves

1. Given the government expenditure, whether the government budget is in surplus or deficit depends on the tax revenue, which itself depends on rate of tax. Please derive the tax rate at which the government budget is in balance. Draw the graph that reflects the relation between tax rate and deficit (or surplus)

(Continued with question 1 in exercise for chapter 3). Suppose instead of given 2000 there is an investment function which takes the form

Normative Definition: Economics is the science that studies how to efficiently allocate economic resources Positive Definition: Economics is the science that studies how an economy operates or how economic variables are determined under the given economic system. The System of an Economy:

Question 1: Suppose in an open economy the consumption function take the form C 8Yd =100 + 0. Tax is the proportion of income with the tax rate to be given by 0.2. Meanwhile import depends on the domestic income with the function given by

Defintion: GDP is the total market value of all final goods and services produced by a country. Final versus Intermediate: By \final\, we mean the goods and service that are purchased for final use by purchaser and not for resale or further processing. The meaning intermediate is opposite to final. Value Added: GDP not only reflects the market value of final goods and service, but also reflect the income generated from producing these final goods and service

Macroeconomics is the most disputed, confused, yet excited field in economics. This course introduces you how economists think about those macroeconomic problems such as inflation, unemployment and recession, and how macroeconomic policies could be used to resolve these problems. We will find that economists may give you many different answers

Chapter 1: The Science of Macroeconomics Chapter 2: The Macroeconomic Variables Part II: Keynesian Macroeconomic Analysis Chapter 3: The Product Market Analysis Chapter 4: The Money Market Analysis Chapter 5: The IS-LM Model

The Multiplier Process as Market Exchange Process A Contribution to the Micro Foundation of Keynesian Macroeconomics Abstract Traditional equilibrium analysis has been incorrectly founded once an \ordering issue\ is concerned. To circumvent this problem, the autonomous demand, which has been missed in traditional microeconomic analysis, has to be introduced into the system as a starting point of a sequence of market exchanges. Following this direction, Keynes's multiplier analysis can also be viewed as a description of the process through which market exchanges are generated. Further