General considerations Definition In placenta previa, the placenta is implanted in the lower uterine segment and located over the internal os. It constitutes an obstruction of descent of the presenting part. Main cause of obstetrical hemorrhage Incidence 0.24%-1.57% (our country)

General Consideration Definition The separation of the placenta from its site of implantation after 20 weeks of gestation or during the course of delivery Frequency 0.51%0-2.33%(our country) 1%o(other countries) Incidence of fetal death

Definition of AFE AFE is rare obstetric emergenc in which amniotic fluid, fetal cells, hair, or other debris enter the maternal circulation, causing cardiorespiratory collapse

General Consideration Antenatal cardiovascular changes Blood volume increase by 40%-60%0 Peaking at 32-34 weeks the expansion in plasma volume is greater than that expansion of red cell mass Cardiac output Increase by 40%6-50% Peaking at 20-24 weeks

胎盘早剥 Obstetrics is\bloody business Even though the maternal mortality rate has been reduced dramatically by hospitalization for delivery and the availability of blood for transfusion, death from hemorrhage remains prominent in the majority reports From willams obstetrics

Definition Abruptio Placentae( placental abruption): premature separation of the normally implanted placenta from the uterine wall

过敏性鼻炎 具有特应性体质的病人,吸入空气中的过敏原 之后,诱发了IgE介导的Ⅰ型超敏反应,产生鼻 粘膜的炎症,从而表现出鼻部症状的疾病

复旦大学：《儿科学》课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿）血尿（hematuria）

复旦大学：《儿科学》课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿）消化系统疾病典型病例

复旦大学：《儿科学》课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿）泌尿系统疾病典型病例