Tones in mandarin The syllable ma can have four different meanings depending on the pitch level/movement high level high rising low falling rising high falling ma a a mother hemp norse
Tones in Mandarin ◼ The syllable ma can have four different meanings, depending on the pitch level/movement ma m a m a m a high level high rising low falling rising high falling ‘mother’ ‘hemp’ ‘horse’ ‘scold’
L. Stressed-Timed rhythm syllable-timed languages: stress-timed languages An ideal realization from which performance factors are absent The rhythm is both regular and irregular; the regularity is provided by the unequal distribution of time within the foot and the irregularity by the strong ' beat'at the beginning of each foot IL. Rhythm and vowel reduction English rhythm a pattern in which long syllables alternate with short ones IIL. The Distribution of English Stresses 1. Form words are typically unstressed 2. Content words are normally stressed 3. Form words are stressed where contrast is expressed 4. Any word being repeated is usually not stressed 5. Many stressing are idiomatic
I. Stressed-Timed Rhythm syllable-timed languages : stress-timed languages An ideal realization from which ‘performance' factors are absent. The rhythm is both regular and irregular; the regularity is provided by the strong 'beat' at the beginning of each foot, and the irregularity by the unequal distribution of time within the foot. II. Rhythm and Vowel Reduction English rhythm: A pattern in which long syllables alternate with short ones. III. The Distribution of English Stresses 1. Form words are typically unstressed. 2. Content words are normally stressed. 3. Form words are stressed where contrast is expressed. 4. Any word being repeated is usually not stressed. 5. Many stressings are idiomatic. …
Beats Try saying or listening to the sentences below M: stress. mp3 2 3 4 1 and 2 and 3 and 4 and 1 and a 2 and a 3 and a 4 and a 1 and then a 2 and then a 3 and then a 4 and then a
Beats: ◼ Try saying or listening to the sentences below: M:\stress.mp3 1 2 3 4 1 and 2 and 3 and 4 and 1 and a 2 and a 3 and a 4 and a 1 and then a 2 and then a 3 and then a 4 and then a
Rhythmic patterns: Chinese vs English Englsh rhythm g shall have to try and get some cash from our bank at lunchtime. Then we can let them have the money that they want as soon as they like. what are they asking us to pay them Stressed VS unstressed Strong forms vs Weak forms More advanced learners will find that attempts to use them properly are more likely to improve the naturalness of their speech than efforts in practically any other area of pronunciation Alternation preference The strategy for learning to use weak forms properly 1. The essential weak form words must be identified 2. Establish when they must have their strong forms, when they must have their weak forms
Rhythmic patterns: Chinese vs English English Rhythm Eg: I shall have to try and get some cash from our bank at lunchtime. Then we can let them have the money that they want as soon as they like. What are they asking us to pay them? Stressed vs unstressed Strong forms vs Weak forms More advanced learners will find that attempts to use them properly are more likely to improve the naturalness of their speech than efforts in practically any other area of pronunciation. Alternation preference The strategy for learning to use weak forms properly: 1. The essential weak form words must be identified. 2. Establish when they must have their strong forms, when they must have their weak forms