Laboratory A. Direct examination: Gram Stain B Primary media; BAP C. Differential Tests 1. Mannitol Salts 2. Coagulase 3. dNase D Phage typing E. Antibiotic Sensitivity(plasmid B lactamase): penicillin /methicillin/vancomycin API STAPH Kit ig egeron veeco.co U FRU MNE MAL LAC TRE MAN
Laboratory • A. Direct examination; Gram Stain • B. Primary media; BAP • C. Differential Tests. 1. Mannitol Salts 2. Coagulase 3. DNase • D. Phage typing • E. Antibiotic Sensitivity (plasmid, B lactamase) : penicillin /methicillin/vancomycin Lysostaphin test Staphylococcus Micrococcus API STAPH Kit
Summary Figure(Identification Scheme) Note: Strep viridans GRAM POSITIVE COCCI are alpha hemolytic and ne gat ie for al the tests be low Catalase Staphylococcus(Clusters) Streptococcus (pairs chains Coagulase Hemolysis ⑨ BETA: Bacitracin - Spyogenes(group A s aureus S epidermidis Hemolytic non hem lytic(usua lly CAMP/Hippurate-+S agalactiae(group B) mannitol mannitol 2) ALPHA: Optochin/Bile Solubility④→S. pneumoniae ellow white GAMMA: Bile es culin④65%NaC⑨→ Group D Enterococcus Bile Esc ulin⑨6.5%Nac|⊙+ Group D Non-Enterococcus Ccan also be beta or alpha hemolytic
GRAM POSITIVE COCCI S. aureus & hemolytic mannitol yellow + - Staphylococcus (Clusters) Streptococcus (pairs & chains) Catalase • BETA: Bacitracin S .pyogenes (group A) CAMP/Hippurate S. agalactiae (group B) Coagulase Hemolysis S. epidermidis nonhemolytic (usually) mannitol white (2) ALPHA: Optochin/Bile Solubility S. pneumoniae • GAMMA: Bile Esculin 6.5% NaCl Group D* Enterococcus Bile Esculin 6.5% NaCl Group D* Non-Enterococcus (*can also be beta or alpha hemolytic) Note: Strep. viridans are alpha hemolytic and negative for all the tests below + + + + + + + - - Summary Figure (Identification Scheme)
Staphylococcus epidermidis major component skin flora opportunistic infections less common than s aureus nosocomialinfections heart valves · Identification Non-hemolytic(sheep blood agar) Does not ferment mannitol Non-pigmented Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus saprophyticus urinary tract infections coagulase-negative not differentiated from S. epidermidis
Staphylococcus epidermidis • major component skin flora • opportunistic infections – less common than S.aureus • nosocomial infections – heart valves • Identification – Non-hemolytic (sheep blood agar) – Does not ferment mannitol – Non-pigmented – Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus saprophyticus • urinary tract infections • coagulase-negative – not differentiated from S. epidermidis
The Streptococcus prokaryote(dividing); a pathogen
The Streptococcus
Streptococcus in chains