Heat Capacity, Specific HeatHeat Capacity-the energy required to raise the temperature of a substanceby one degree.Q(J/K)CdTSpecific HeatqkJ/(kg ·K)c=一perUnitmassdTSqMM ·c kJ/(kmol · K)-per Unit Mole=CmdTCmkJ/(m3 .K)-per Unit Volume22.46
6 Heat Capacity, Specific Heat Heat Capacity －the energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree. (J/K) d δ T Q C = Specific Heat －per Unit mass kJ/(kg K) d δ = T q c kJ/(kmol K) d δ = = M c T q －per Unit Mole c m M －per Unit Volume kJ/(m K) 22.4 ' 3 = m c c
&c国C，一定容比热容1stlawq = du + pdy内能是 和T的函数，是状态参数d1alsqdTa1
7 v p c &c v c －定容比热容 1 st law δq u p v = + d d d ( ) d ( ) d v T u u u T v T v = + 内能是 和 的函数，是状态参数 δ ( ) d v v q u c T T = = v T
&c-一定压比热容p1stlawSq = dh - vd恰是 P和T 的函数，是状态参数ahdTdhdpaTopoqahDdTaT8
8 v p c &c 1 st law δq h v p = − d d d ( ) d ( ) d p T h h h T p T p = + 焓是 和 的函数，是状态参数 δ ( ) d p p q h c T T = = p T p c －定压比热容
Internal Energy & EnthalpyInternal Energydu=c,dTEnthalpyandh=c,dTdapplicable for all substances9
9 Internal Energy & Enthalpy v v u du cv dT ( ) T d = + Internal Energy p p h dh c p dT ( ) T d = + Enthalpy applicable for all substances
Property of Ideal-Gasideal-gas:no·Internal Energymolecularforcef(v,T)u=p25du = c,dT·Entralpy内能和烩都是温度的单值函数h=u+pv=u+RTdh =c.dT110
10 Property of Ideal-Gas •Internal Energy ( ) 0 ( , ) = = T v u p25 u f v T v v u du cv dT ( ) T d = + ideal-gas: no molecular force •Entralpy h = u + pv = u + RT p p h dh c p dT ( ) T d = + 内能和焓都是温度 的单值函数