超切分特征通过重音有规则的分配使 得本族语者把宾语前置的修饰语与其 他修饰语区分开来,试比较: a bull-fight involves bulls a bull- calf is a young bull
超切分特征通过重音有规则的分配使 得本族语者把宾语前置的修饰语与其 他修饰语区分开来，试比较： A ˋbull-/ fight involves bulls. A /bull-ˋcalf is a young bull
a toy factory produces toys A toy factory is a model of a factory used as a toy
Aˋtoy / factory produces toys. A / toy ˋfactory is a model of a factory used as a toy
my old, friend (old: long known or long familiar)不可以转换成 My friend is old my new, friend不可以转换成 My friend is new. a pure, scientist不可以转换成 The scientist is pure the wrong; applicant不可以转换成 *The applicant is wrong
my ˊold ,friend (old: long known or long familiar) 不可以转换成 : *My friend is old. my ˊ new ,friend 不可以转换成 : *My friend is new. a ˊ pure ,scientist 不可以转换成 : * The scientist is pure. theˊ wrong ,applicant 不可以转换成: *The applicant is wrong
超切分特征传达了说话人的态度, 即使是一个词,当被赋予不同的语 调时,也会折射出说话人不同的态 No( a matter-of-fact statement) No(questioning No(doubtful but encouraging No(indignant; emphatic prohibition and scolding)
超切分特征传达了说话人的态度， 即使是一个词，当被赋予不同的语 调时，也会折射出说话人不同的态 度： ˋNo ( a matter-of-fact statement) ˊNo (questioning) ˇNo(doubtful but encouraging ) ˆNo (indignant; emphatic prohibition and scolding)
With grammar Vocabulary and grammar are organically related to one another In learning a language, attention to grammar Is as important as attention to vocabulary Grammar for example, tells us how to form words into sentences
With grammar: Vocabulary and grammar are organically related to one another. In learning a language, attention to grammar is as important as attention to vocabulary. Grammar , for example, tells us how to form w o r d s i n t o s e n t e n c e s