2)Sanitation -Crop residue destruction and utilization -Disposing of dropped fruit to reduce of apple maggot,plum curculio,codling moth Crop residue destruction in cotton,corn,and wheat -Elimination of animal wastes. -Filth flies -Efficient storage and processing Stored product pests
2) Sanitation Crop residue destruction and utilization Disposing of dropped fruit to reduce # of apple maggot, plum curculio, codling moth Crop residue destruction in cotton, corn, and wheat Elimination of animal wastes. Filth flies Efficient storage and processing Stored product pests
Destruction or modification of alternate hosts and habitats. Burning grass at edge of field to kill stalk borer eggs. Destroying volunteer plants corn rootworms, grasshoppers,Hessian fly,wheat curl mite. Beet leafhopper Eliminating Russian thistle not only reduces s weeds, but also removes important alternate host. Beet Russian leafhopper thistle
Destruction or modification of alternate hosts and habitats. • Burning grass at edge of field to kill stalk borer eggs. • Destroying volunteer plants - corn rootworms, grasshoppers, Hessian fly, wheat curl mite. Beet leafhopper - Eliminating Russian thistle not only reduces weeds, but also removes important alternate host. Russian thistle Beet leafhopper
3)Tillage May bring overwintering stage up to be exposed to colder temperatures. Some crushing due to plowing, cultivating. 。 Debris (where insects may find cover) covered up. Cutworms Fall tillage will lower pest populations for following season
3) Tillage • May bring overwintering stage up to be exposed to colder temperatures. • Some crushing due to plowing, cultivating. • Debris (where insects may find cover) covered up. Cutworms - Fall tillage will lower pest populations for following season
Crop spacing affects microclimate under the canopy Spruce weevil,needs open spaces for eggs to hatch,so young trees are planted as close as possible. Im soybeans,closed canopy reduces corn earworm problems
4) Crop spacing - affects microclimate under the canopy Spruce weevil, needs open spaces for eggs to hatch, so young trees are planted as close as possible. In soybeans, closed canopy reduces corn earworm problems
5)Crop rotation/location 酬 Works best when pest has narre host range,eggs laid before new crop planted,and feeding stage cannot move very far. Worked well for rootworms until NCRWs in South Dakota,lowa,and Minnesota laid eggs with two Wifserop rotation will prevent egg-laying on preferred host plants
Wireworms - Crop rotation will prevent egg-laying on preferred host plants 5) Crop rotation/location Works best when pest has narrow host range, eggs laid before new crop planted, and feeding stage cannot move very far. Worked well for rootworms until NCRWs in South Dakota, Iowa, and Minnesota laid eggs with two year diapause