Section A Exploring the World Text AA Brief Introduction to the USA Note Ratified in 1788,the Constitution serves as the supreme American law in organizing the government;the Supreme Courtl7 is responsible for upholding Constitutional law.Many forms of social progress started in the nineteenth century;those advancements have been widely reflected in the Constitution.Slavery was abolished in 1865 by the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution8];the following Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments respectively guaranteed citizenship for all the persons naturalized within U.S.territory and voting for people of all races.In later years,civil rights were extended to women and black Americans, following effective lobbying from social activists.The Nineteenth Amendment prohibited gender discrimination in voting rights;later,the Civil Rights Actl9 of 1964 outlawed racial gregationse in public places. The Progressive Eraliol marked a time of economic growth for the United States,advancing to the Roaring Twenties.However,the Wall Street Crash of 1929 led to the Great Depressionll,a time of economic downturn and mass unemployment.Consequently,the U.S.government established the New Deal,a series of reform programs that intended to assist those affected by the Depression.The New Deal had varied success. However,once the U.S.entered World War II in December 1941,the economy quickly recovered,so much that the U.S.became a world superpower by the dawn of the Cold War.During the Cold War,the U.S.and the Former Soviet Union were the world's two superpowers,but with the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Former Soviet Union,the United States became the world's only superpower. 大连理工大学出版社
大连理工大学出版社 Section A Exploring the World Text A A Brief Introduction to the USA Ratified in 1788, the Constitution serves as the supreme American law in organizing the government; the Supreme Court[7] is responsible for upholding Constitutional law. Many forms of social progress started in the nineteenth century; those advancements have been widely reflected in the Constitution. Slavery was abolished in 1865 by the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution[8] ; the following Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments respectively guaranteed citizenship for all the persons naturalized within U.S. territory and voting for people of all races. In later years, civil rights were extended to women and black Americans, following effective lobbying from social activists. The Nineteenth Amendment prohibited gender discrimination in voting rights; later, the Civil Rights Act[9] of 1964 outlawed racial gregationse in public places. The Progressive Era[10] marked a time of economic growth for the United States, advancing to the Roaring Twenties. However, the Wall Street Crash of 1929 led to the Great Depression[11] , a time of economic downturn and mass unemployment. Consequently, the U.S. government established the New Deal, a series of reform programs that intended to assist those affected by the Depression. The New Deal had varied success. However, once the U.S. entered World War II in December 1941, the economy quickly recovered, so much that the U.S. became a world superpower by the dawn of the Cold War. During the Cold War, the U.S. and the Former Soviet Union were the world’s two superpowers, but with the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Former Soviet Union, the United States became the world’s only superpower. Note
Section A Exploring the World Text AA Brief Introduction to the USA Note What type of government rules the United States? The United States is a federal constitutional republic.It is the world's oldest surviving federation.A constitutional republic is a state where the head of state and other officials are elected as representatives of the people,and must govern according to existing constitutional law that limits the government's power over citizens.The government is regulated by a system of checks and balances defined by the U.S.Constitution, which serves as the country's supreme legal document.In the American federalist systeml21,citizens are usually subject to three levels of government,federal,state,and local;the local government's duties are commonly split between county and municipal governments.In almost all cases,executive and legislative officials are elected by a plurality vote of citizens by district.There is no proportional representation at the federal level,and it is very rare at lower levels.Federal and state judicial and cabinet officials are typically nominated by the executive branch and approved by the legislature,although some state judges and officials are elected by popular vote.The House of Representativesl31 has 435 members,each representing a congressional district for a two-year term.House seats are apportioned among the states by population every tenth year. 大连理工大学出版社
大连理工大学出版社 Section A Exploring the World Text A A Brief Introduction to the USA What type of government rulesthe United States? The United States is a federal constitutional republic. It is the world’s oldest surviving federation. A constitutional republic is a state where the head of state and other officials are elected as representatives of the people, and must govern according to existing constitutional law that limits the government’s power over citizens. The government is regulated by a system of checks and balances defined by the U.S. Constitution, which serves as the country’s supreme legal document. In the American federalist system[12] , citizens are usually subject to three levels of government, federal, state, and local; the local government’s duties are commonly split between county and municipal governments. In almost all cases, executive and legislative officials are elected by a plurality vote of citizens by district. There is no proportional representation at the federal level, and it is very rare at lower levels. Federal and state judicial and cabinet officials are typically nominated by the executive branch and approved by the legislature, although some state judges and officials are elected by popular vote. The House of Representatives[13] has 435 members, each representing a congressional district for a two-year term. House seats are apportioned among the states by population every tenth year. Note
Section A Exploring the World Text AA Brief Introduction to the USA Note The United States has a capitalist-mixed economy,which is fueled by abundant natural resources,a well-developed infrastructure,and high productivity.The United States is the largest importer of goods and third largest exporter,Canada,China,Mexico,Japan,and Germany are its top trading partners.The leading export commodity is electrical machinery,while vehicles constitute the leading import.The United States tops the overall ranking in the Global Competitiveness Reportl4.After an expansion that lasted just over six years, the U.S.economy has been in recession since December 2007. The leading business field by gross business receipts is wholesale and retail trade;by net income it is finance and insurance.The United States remains an industrial power,with chemical products the leading manufacturing field.The United States is the third largest producer of oil in the world,as well as its largest importer.It is the world's number one producer of electrical and nuclear energy,as well as liquid natural gas, sulfur,phosphates,and salt.The United States is the world's top producer of com and soybeans.The New York Stock Exchange is the world's largest by dollar volume.Coca-Cola and MeDonald's are the two most recognized brands in the world.Wall Street is home to the New York Stock Exchange 大连理工大学出版社
大连理工大学出版社 Section A Exploring the World Text A A Brief Introduction to the USA The United States has a capitalist- mixed economy, which is fueled by abundant natural resources, a well- developed infrastructure, and high productivity. The United States is the largest importer of goods and third largest exporter, Canada, China, Mexico, Japan, and Germany are its top trading partners. The leading export commodity is electrical machinery, while vehicles constitute the leading import. The United States tops the overall ranking in the Global Competitiveness Report[14] . After an expansion that lasted just over six years, the U.S. economy has been in recession since December 2007. The leading business field by gross business receipts is wholesale and retail trade; by net income it is finance and insurance. The United States remains an industrial power, with chemical products the leading manufacturing field. The United States is the third largest producer of oil in the world, as well as its largest importer. It is the world’s number one producer of electrical and nuclear energy, as well as liquid natural gas, sulfur, phosphates, and salt. The United States is the world’s top producer of corn and soybeans. The New York Stock Exchange is the world’s largest by dollar volume. Coca-Cola and McDonald’s are the two most recognized brandsin the world.Wall Street is home to the New York Stock Exchange. Note
Section A Exploring the World Vocabulary Power contiguous a. 邻近的 archipelago n. 群岛，列岛 insular a. 岛的；岛民的；与世隔绝的 Caribbean n. 加勒比海 deciduous a. 脱落性的；落叶性的 prairie n. (尤指北美的)大草原 ratify vt. 批准，许可 municipal a. 市的，市政的 plurality n. 多数；复数 apportion vt. 分摊；分配 recession n. 后退；经济衰退 sulfur n. 硫磺 phosphate n. 磷酸酯 大连理工大学出版社 圈团①四
大连理工大学出版社 Section A Exploring the World Vocabulary Power contiguous a. 邻近的 archipelago n. 群岛,列岛 insular a. 岛的；岛民的；与世隔绝的 Caribbean n. 加勒比海 deciduous a. 脱落性的；落叶性的 prairie n. (尤指北美的)大草原 ratify vt. 批准,许可 municipal a. 市的,市政的 plurality n. 多数；复数 apportion vt. 分摊；分配 recession n. 后退；经济衰退 sulfur n. 硫磺 phosphate n. 磷酸酯
Section A Exploring the World Lesson Review Task 1 Fill in the blanks according to the text. 1. In the American federalist system,citizens are usually subject to three levels of govern-ment, and 2. The state of is in the northwest of the continent,with Canada to its east andRussia to the west across the 3. The local government's duties are commonly split between_ and governments. 4. The Mountains divide the eastern seaboard from the Great Lakes and the grasslands of the Midwest. 5. Juan Ponce de Leon,who arrived in Florida in 1513,is credited as being the Euro-pean to land in what is now the continental United States,although some evidence suggests that John Cabot might have reached what is presently in1498 大连理工大学出版社
大连理工大学出版社 Section A Exploring the World Lesson Review Task 1 Fill in the blanks according to the text. 1. In the American federalist system, citizens are usually subject to three levels of govern-ment, ______, ______ and _______. 2. The state of _________ is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to its east andRussia to the west across the _____________________. 3. The local government’s duties are commonly split between __________ and __________governments. 4. The __________ Mountains divide the eastern seaboard from the Great Lakes and the grasslands of the Midwest. 5. Juan Ponce de León, who arrived in Florida in 1513, is credited as being the ______ Euro-pean to land in what is now the continental United States, although some evidence suggests that John Cabot might have reached what is presently ______________________________ in 1498