矿质土粒( soil particle) (四)土粒的基本性状 2.表面特性不同:表面积极表面能 表面积 吸附力 影胀 可塑性和粘结作用 湿润热 砂粒粉砂粒粘粒胶体粘粒
一.矿质土粒 (soil particle) (四)土粒的基本性状 2.表面特性不同:表面积极表面能
矿质土粒( soil particle) (四)土粒的基本性状 3.物理性状不同 衰70砂粒和物理性粘粒特性中最量要的差别 性 质 粒 孔隞度 高达70%,属细孔和毛管孔隙 低至50%,主要是非毛管孔隙和大毛管孔隙 粘滞性 在干燥状态时是高的,在湿润时减低 在干燥状态时是低的,在湿润时增加 可塑性 的 无 干燥时的收缩 高强很 很 弱 透水性 水分上升能力 缓慢而高度大 很快,高度极微 持水性 高 的 不高的 siO含量,% 40-50 7595 RO3含量 30-40 5-10—20 吸收性能 明显 物 主要是次生矿物 主要是原生矿物 营养物质的含量 腐殖质含量 多(不总是多) 微量元素含量 多 热状况 冷 的 极不不热轻 机械加工 少多多的的的 自然肥力水平 低的,但潜在的高
一.矿质土粒 (soil particle) (四)土粒的基本性状 3.物理性状不同
矿质土粒( soil particle) (四)土粒的基本性状 4.化学组成不同 粒径 化学成分 mm SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 Cao Mgo K2o Na2OP2O5 1~0283929341.121.790.381.78121008 02~0.04738713474213051.051.731.530.12 0.04~0.01701514045862.151.05148389021 0.01~0.00 672118917.851.451.632.511.270.29 <00024408276721810581.611.100.96036 颗粒愈小,氧化物多,营养程度高:颗粒愈粗,SiO2多,土壤愈贫瘠
一.矿质土粒 (soil particle) (四)土粒的基本性状 4.化学组成不同 粒径 mm 化学成分 SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO K2O Na2O P2O5 1~0.2 83.92 9.34 1.12 1.79 0.38 1.78 1.21 0.08 0.2~0.04 73.87 13.47 4.21 3.05 1.05 1.73 1.53 0.12 0.04~0.01 70.15 14.04 5.86 2.15 1.05 1.48 3.89 0.21 0.01~0.00 2 67.21 18.91 7.85 1.45 1.63 2.51 1.27 0.29 <0.002 44.08 27.67 21.81 0.58 1.61 1.10 0.96 0.36 颗粒愈小,氧化物多,营养程度高;颗粒愈粗,SiO2多,土壤愈贫瘠
矿质土粒( soil particle) (四)土粒的基本性状 4.生物性状不同 不同粒级颗粒上微生物类型和数量、酶等的差异是当今 研究的热点 大颗粒是土壤的骨骼,细小的粘粒是肌肉,要特别重视小颗 粒尤其是胶体颗粒(纳米土壤或土壤中纳米材料研究)
一.矿质土粒 (soil particle) (四)土粒的基本性状 4.生物性状不同 不同粒级颗粒上微生物类型和数量、酶等的差异是当今 研究的热点 大颗粒是土壤的骨骼,细小的粘粒是肌肉,要特别重视小颗 粒尤其是胶体颗粒 (纳米土壤或土壤中纳米材料研究)
重视土壤中粘粒(clay) Mineral properties change radically with decreasing size below about 1 to 5 um(0.005). Clay minerals are the most abundant of the clay-sized minerals Clay has three meaning in soil science, and they are easy to confuse, as the specific meaning depends on the context. Clay is (1) a fraction of the soil,(2 )a texture class name, and, 3) a class of minerals Particles smaller than 1 um(0.001) are colloidal particles. The mineral colloids are the most important mineral fraction of the soil because of their physical and chemical reactivity Clay describes a group of minerals having special properties that make them important to soils chemical and physical properties, even when they are present only in small amounts
重视土壤中粘粒(clay) Mineral properties change radically with decreasing size below about 1 to 5 m(0.005). Clay minerals are the most abundant of the clay-sized minerals. Clay has three meaning in soil science, and they are easy to confuse, as the specific meaning depends on the context. Clay is (1)a fraction of the soil, (2) a texture class name, and ,(3) a class of minerals. Particles smaller than 1 m(0.001) are colloidal particles. The mineral colloids are the most important mineral fraction of the soil because of their physical and chemical reactivity. Clay describes a group of minerals having special properties that make them important to soils’ chemical and physical properties, even when they are present only in small amounts