Mechanism of bacterial variation o Hene mutation Genetransfer and recombination ● Transformation ° Conjugation ● Transduction ° Lysogenic conversion o Protoplast fusion
Mechanism of bacterial variation • Gene mutation • Gene transfer and recombination • Transformation • Conjugation • Transduction • Lysogenic conversion • Protoplast fusion
Types of mutation o Base substitution o Frame shefit ° Insertion sequences
Types of mutation • Base substitution • Frame shefit • Insertion sequences
What can cause mutation? Chemicals nitrous acid; alkylating agents 5-bromouracil benzpyrene o Radiation: X-rays and Ultraviolet light o Viruses
What can cause mutation? • Chemicals: nitrous acid; alkylating agents 5-bromouracil benzpyrene • Radiation: X-rays and Ultraviolet light • Viruses
Bacterial mutation Mutationrate Mutation and selectivity Backwardmutation
Bacterial mutation • Mutation rate • Mutation and selectivity • Backwardmutation