Let's start from the subatomic level
Let’s start from the subatomic level……
Metallic Bonding e e e -Metal "kernel"e -Electron cloud *Strong Coulomb Force:high melting point,strength,hardness *Electrons can move freely:electrical and thermal conduction, ductility Showing no difference in different direction:isotropy (anisotropy)
Metallic Bonding e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e - Metal "kernel" - Electron cloud e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e Strong Coulomb Force: high melting point, strength, hardness Electrons can move freely: electrical and thermal conduction, ductility Showing no difference in different direction: isotropy (anisotropy)
Ionic bonding 库仑键力 *Electrons are transferred *Large difference in electronegetivities *strong and non-directional:high melting point,hard but brittle,insulator
Ionic bonding Electrons are transferred Large difference in electronegetivities strong and non-directional: high melting point, hard but brittle, insulator
Covalent bonding (蓝色小球代表电子) *Electrons are not transferred but shared *small electronegativity differences *Strong and directional:high melting point,hard,brittle, insulator
Covalent bonding Electrons are not transferred but shared small electronegativity differences Strong and directional: high melting point, hard, brittle, insulator
Thermal properties determined by bonding 100 50 0 -50 Empirical Lennard-Jones e时转时it -100 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 R (A)
Thermal properties determined by bonding