4相分析( facies 1000Ma analysIs 综 Mudcracks+ Raindrops 地层的岩石特 征和生物特征, 推断其成因(沉 积环境和沉积作 相分析三要素 ○ Material O Principles ● Methodology Subaerial. most likely semi-humid environment
相分析三要素 4 相分析(facies analysis)——综 合地层的岩石特 征和生物特征， 推断其成因（沉 积环境和沉积作 用） ● Material ● Principles ● Methodology Subaerial, most likely semi-humid environment 1000Ma Mudcracks+Raindrops
Methodology- a detective's approach nduction(归纳); Deduction(演绎) Your interpretation: hHaeoeseeite They are dinosaur footprints and they can tell us about: Group behavior; Seasona lity temperature Food web competition inte nsity; Their living environment
A palaeo-scene (the evidence) They are dinosaur footprints and they can tell us about: • Group behavior; • Seasonality & temperature; • Food web & competition intensity; • Their living environment Your interpretation: Methodology– a detective’s approach Induction（归纳）; Deduction（演绎）
2 Concepts and law 1 Sed environments 2 Sedimentary facies 3 Facies changes and analysis of sed facies 4 Walther's law 5 Uniformitarianism
2.1 Concepts and law 1 Sed. environments 2 Sedimentary facies 3 Facies changes and analysis of sedfacies 4 Walther’s law 5 Uniformitarianism
How about regression? m瓦尔特相(定)律亦 称相对比原理(J Walther,1894):只有 灰岩 水并 那些目前可以观察到 半咸水页岩 是相互毗邻的相和相 泥岩 淡水灰岩 区,才能原生地重叠 页岩 transgression在一起;即在垂向上 砂岩 侵蚀面 o Stratigraphical conformities 整合叠置的相是在侧 Sketch showing Walthers law7中形成的沉积环境 e Gradual transgression 向上相邻 Walther's law(rule) or law of facies correlation Only those facies and facies-areas can be superimposed primarily which can be observed beside each other at the present time(translated by Middleton, 1973); in other words, facies occurring in a conformable vertical sequence of strata were formed in laterally adjacent environments
●Stratigraphical conformities ● Gradual transgression How about regression? transgression 瓦尔特相（定）律亦 称相对比原理(J Walther，1894) :只有 那些目前可以观察到 是相互毗邻的相和相 区，才能原生地重叠 在一起; 即在垂向上 整合叠置的相是在侧 向上相邻的沉积环境 中形成的。 Walther’s law (rule) or law of facies correlation : Only those facies and facies-areas can be superimposed primarily which can be observed beside each other at the present time (translated by Middleton, 1973); in other words, facies occurring in a conformable vertical sequence of strata were formed in laterally adjacent environments. Sketch showing Walther’s law