IP Addresses 32-Bit Strings Dotted Decimal notation for human reading (eg,128171.1713
IP Addresses 32-Bit Strings Dotted Decimal Notation for Human Reading (e.g., 128.171.17.13)
Figure 8-3: Hierarchical IP Address Network Part(not always 16 bits) Subnet Part(not always 8 bits) Host Part(not always 8 bits) Total always is 32 bits 128.171.17.13 The Internet UH Network(128. 171) IP addresses are not Host 13 simple 32-bit numbers CBA Subnet(17) They usually have 3 parts Consider the example 128.171.17.13 8-12
8-12 Figure 8-3: Hierarchical IP Address 128.171.17.13 Network Part (not always 16 bits) Subnet Part (not always 8 bits) Host Part (not always 8 bits) Total always is 32 bits UH Network (128.171) CBA Subnet (17) Host 13 The Internet Figure 8-3: Hierarchical IP Address IP addresses are not simple 32-bit numbers. They usually have 3 parts. Consider the example 128.171.17.13
I Hierarchical Addressing Hierarchical Addressing Brings Simplicity Phone System Country code-area code-exchange- subscriber number 01-808-555-9889 Long-distance switches near the top of the hierarchy only have to deal with country codes and area codes to set up circuIts Similarly, core Internet routers only have to consider network or network and subnet parts of packets 8-13
8-13 Hierarchical Addressing • Hierarchical Addressing Brings Simplicity – Phone System • Country code-area code-exchange-subscriber number • 01-808-555-9889 – Long-distance switches near the top of the hierarchy only have to deal with country codes and area codes to set up circuits – Similarly, core Internet routers only have to consider network or network and subnet parts of packets
Router Operation
Router Operation
Figure 8-4: Border Router, Intrernal Router, Networks and subnets Subnet 192. 168.2.X Border Subnet Router Internal 192.168.1X ISP Network Router Corporate 60xXX Network 192.168x.x Subnet 192.168.3.x Border routers connect different Internet networks (In this case, 192. 168X.x and 60XXx An Indicates anything 8-15
8-15 Figure 8-4: Border Router, Intrernal Router, Networks, and Subnets Figure 8-4: Border Router, Internal Router, Netw orks, and Subnets ISP Network 60.x.x.x Subnet 192.168.2.x Subnet 192.168.3.x Subnet Internal 192.168.1.x Router Border Router Corporate Network 192.168.x.x Border routers connect different Internet networks (In this case, 192.168.x.x and 60.x.x.x). An “x” indicates anything