Introduction The desired transfer function is H(二)= 1-z 12-c The actual transfer function implemented is H(二) which may be much different from the desired transfer function H(
Introduction • The desired transfer function is − = − = − z z z H z 1 1 1 ( ) − = z z H(z) ^ ^ which may be much different from the desired transfer function H(z) • The actual transfer function implemented is
Introduction Thus, the actual frequency response may be quite different from the desired frequency response Coeficient quantization problem is similar to the sensitivity problem encountered in analog filter implementation
Introduction • Thus, the actual frequency response may be quite different from the desired frequency response • Coefficient quantization problem is similar to the sensitivity problem encountered in analog filter implementation
Introduction A/D Conversion Error -generated by e the flter input quantization process If the input sequencexn has been obtained by sampling an analog signal (t), then the actual input to the digital filter is xn=xnl+eln where elni is the A/D conversion error
Introduction • A/D Conversion Error - generated by the filter input quantization process • If the input sequence x[n] has been obtained by sampling an analog signal xa (t), then the actual input to the digital filter is x[n] = x[n]+ e[n] ^ where e[n] is the A/D conversion error
Introduction Arithmetic Quantization Error- For the first-order digital filter, the desired output of the multiplier is pn=ayIn-1 Due to product quantization, the actual output of the multiplier of the implemented filter is vn=ayln-l+earn=vn]+ealn where earn is the product roundoff error
Introduction • Arithmetic Quantization Error - For the first-order digital filter, the desired output of the multiplier is v[n] =y[n −1] v[n] = y[n −1] + e [n] = v[n]+ e [n] ^ where e [n] is the product roundoff error • Due to product quantization, the actual output of the multiplier of the implemented filter is
Introduction Limit Cycles- The nonlinearity of the arithmetic quantization process may manifest in the form of oscillations at the filter output, usually in the absence of input or sometimes, in the presence of constant input signals or sinusoidal input signals
Introduction • Limit Cycles - The nonlinearity of the arithmetic quantization process may manifest in the form of oscillations at the filter output, usually in the absence of input or, sometimes, in the presence of constant input signals or sinusoidal input signals