Anomala corpulenta 1 gen.a year.Larvae overwinter in soil. Overwintered larvae begin to feed on crops when temp.reaches 6'C in upper 10cm soil, but a very severe injury is NOT found during March and May.Adults emerge from late May to mid.June.Severe damage by larvae is found during Aug.and Sep.Second or third larval instar begins to overwinter in late Oct
Anomala Anomala corpulenta corpulenta 1 gen. a year. Larvae overwinter overwinter in soil. in soil. Overwintered Overwintered larvae begin to feed on crops larvae begin to feed on crops when temp. reaches 6 when temp. reaches 6 ℃ in upper 10cm soil, in upper 10cm soil, but a very severe injury is NOT found but a very severe injury is NOT found during March and May. Adults emerge during March and May. Adults emerge from late May to mid. June. Severe late May to mid. June. Severe damage by larvae is found damage by larvae is found during Aug. and Sep. Second during Aug. and Sep. Second or third larval or third larval instar begins to overwinter overwinter in late Oct. in late Oct
Holotrichia titaniδ 1 gen.two years.Adults and larvae overwinter in soil.Overwintered adults emerge mainly from early April to early May. 12 345678910 1112 米 第 0 年 第 年 Life cycle of Holotrichia titanis (Yangling,Shaanxi)
17 Holotrichia Holotrichia titanis titanis 1 gen. two years. Adults and larvae overwinter in soil. Overwintered adults emerge mainly from early April to early May. Life cycle of Holotrichia titanis (Yangling, Shaanxi)
4) Behavior Adults: Active rhythm:Not active during daytime. Peak of Mating and feeding at 20:00-22:00 >Phototaxis:Holotrichia parallela and Anomala corpulenta with stronger phototaxis.Holotrichia diomphalia with weaker phototaxis. 8
18 Adults: ¾ Active rhythm: Not active during daytime. Peak of Mating and feeding at 20:00-22:00 ¾ Phototaxis: Holotrichia parallela and Anomala corpulenta with stronger phototaxis. Holotrichia diomphalia with weaker phototaxis. 4) Behavior 4) Behavior
4)Behavior Adults: Pretend death:When disturbed. Chemotaxis:dung and rotten organisms >Feeding Choice:Like to feed flowers of fruit trees or leaves of soybean,peanut, elm trees. Mating and Ovipositing:multi-mating; eggs deposited 6-15cm of soil;anywhere from 32-188 eggs produced,on average eggs. 19
19 Adults: ¾ Pretend death: When disturbed. ¾ Chemotaxis: dung and rotten organisms ¾ Feeding Choice: Like to feed flowers of fruit trees or leaves of soybean, peanut, elm trees. ¾ Mating and Ovipositing: multi-mating; eggs deposited 6-15cm of soil; anywhere from 32-188 eggs produced, on average 102 eggs. 4) Behavior 4) Behavior
4)Behavior Larvae 3 instars in a lifetime.The third instar larvae is very long.Cause severe damage during that time. 20
20 Larvae 3 instars in a lifetime. The third instar larvae is very long. Cause severe damage during that time. 4) Behavior 4) Behavior