Case Study 1 The experience of Eastern europe Countries such as Poland, Hungary, Bulgaria, and russia experienced steady improvements in life expectancy after world War ll These increases ceased and life expectancies began to decline as the economies of these countries have faltered In Russia life expectancy has fallen from 65 years in 1987 to 59 years in 1993
Case Study 1: The experience of Eastern Europe • Countries such as Poland, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Russia experienced steady improvements in life expectancy after World War II. • These increases ceased and life expectancies began to decline as the economies of these countries have faltered. • In Russia life expectancy has fallen from 65 years in 1987 to 59 years in 1993
Case Study 2 Economic growth and prosperity Japan best illustrates the relationship between narrow income spreads and improved overall health status between 1965 and 1 990 it leaped ahead of all other industrialized countries despite increased dietary fat and increased smoking rates Life expectancy was 63. 6 years for males and 67.8 years for females in 1955 By 1991 it had increased to 76. 1 for males and 82. 1 years for females
Case Study 2 ： Economic growth and prosperity • Japan best illustrates the relationship between narrow income spreads and improved overall health status. Between 1965 and 1990 it leaped ahead of all other industrialized countries despite increased dietary fat and increased smoking rates. • Life expectancy was 63.6 years for males and 67.8 years for females in 1955. • By 1991 it had increased to 76.1 for males and 82.1 years for females
What is Social determinant of health? Example The gender difference in Insomnia
What is ‘Social Determinant of Health’? Example: The gender difference in Insomnia
Four" Lenses" of Analysis 1. Biomedical Lens Physiological differences between man and women E.g. hot flashes in premenopausal women; influenced of female sex hormones on GABAergic neurons FUJOERCLE
Four“Lenses”of Analysis 1. Biomedical Lens- – Physiological differences between man and women. E.g. hot flashes in premenopausal women; influenced of female sex hormones on GABAergic neurons
1. Biomedical Lens 2. Psychological Lens- Psychological differences between man and women in reporting symptoms FUJOERCLE
1. Biomedical Lens- 2. Psychological Lens- – Psychological differences between man and women in reporting symptoms