Bacterial Nutrition and growth o Classification based on their source of carbon ●根据细菌所利用的能源和碳源的不同,将细菌 分为两大营养类型。 ●1. Autotrophs自养菌 ●2. Heterotrophs异养菌 saprophytes腐生菌; parasites寄生菌
Bacterial Nutrition and Growth ⚫ Classification based on their source of carbon ⚫ 根据细菌所利用的能源和碳源的不同，将细菌 分为两大营养类型。 ⚫ 1. Autotrophs 自养菌 ⚫ 2. Heterotrophs 异养菌 :saprophytes 腐生菌 ; parasites 寄生菌
Nutrient requirements of bacterial growth: ●1. Water 2. Carbon source ●3. Nitrogen source氮源 4. Minerals无机盐 5. Growth factors.生长因子: that a cell must have for growth but cannot synthesize itself. Such as amino acids, purines嘌呤, pyrimidines嘧啶,and vitamins 流感嗜血杆菌X因子(高铁血红素) V因子(辅酶Ⅰ或Ⅱ)
Nutrient requirements of bacterial growth: ⚫ 1. Water ⚫ 2. Carbon source ⚫ 3. Nitrogen source氮源 ⚫ 4. Minerals 无机盐 ⚫ 5. Growth factors生长因子：that a cell must have for growth but cannot synthesize itself. Such as amino acids, purines嘌呤, pyrimidines嘧啶, and vitamins 流感嗜血杆菌 X因子（高铁血红素） V因子（辅酶Ⅰ或Ⅱ）
Temperature ● Psychrophilic forms嗜冷菌(15-20℃) Mesophilic forms嗜温菌(30-37℃) include all human pathogens and opportunists. ● Thermophilic forms嗜热菌(50-60℃)
Temperature ⚫ Psychrophilic forms 嗜冷菌 (15-20℃) ⚫ Mesophilic forms 嗜温菌（30-37℃）include all human pathogens and opportunists. ⚫ Thermophilic forms 嗜热菌（50-60℃）
Temperature requirements for growth Temperature for growth(C) Irou Minimun Optimum Maximum Comments ochre phile Below 0 10-15 Below 20 Grow best at relatively low T able to grow at low t but prefer Psychrotrophs 0 15-30 Above 25 derate T Mesophile 10-15 30-40 Below 45 Most bacteria esp. those living in association with warm-blooded animals Thermophile 45 50-85 Above 100 Among all thermophiles is wi (boiling) variation in optimum and maximum T
Minimum, maximum and optimum temperature for growth of bacteria. Temperature for growth(C) Bacterium Minimum Optimum Maximum Listeria monocvtogenes 30-37 Vibrio marinus 15 Pseudomonas maltophilia 35 Thiobacillus novellus 25-30 Staphylococcus aureus 10 30-37 Escherichia coli 10 Clostridium kluver 19 Streptococcus pyogenes 0 Streptococcus pneumoniae 42 Bacillus flavothermus 30 Thermus aquaticus 70-72 79 Methanococcus jannaschii 90 Sulfolobus acidocaldarius 70 75-85 Pvrobacterium brockie 8O 102-105 115