BourneShell CommandInterpreterQQ0DefaultExecuteNewinfoCloseBookmarksDefaultDefaultPBG-Mac-Pro:~pbgsw15:24up562users,loadaverages:1.511.531.65mins,TTYUSERFROMLOGIN@IDLEWHAT14:3450-pbgconsole-s00015:05-wpbgPBG-Mac-Pro:~pbgs iostat 5diskodisk10load averagediskicpuKB/ttpsKB/ttpsMB/SKB/ttpsMB/SMB/ssyid1m5m15mus140.8839.6700.021158433.7534311.3064.311.51 1.53 1.65042.945.273201.650.0000.000.000.001.39 1.51 1.65053924.283291.370.0000.000.000.001.44 1.51 1.65ACPBG-Mac-Pro:~pbgs1sMusicWebExApplicationsApplications(Parallels)Pando Packagesconfig.logPicturesDesktopgetsmartdata.txtDocumentsPublicimpSitesDownloadslogDropboxThumbs.dbpanda-distLibraryVirtual Machinesprob.txtMoviesVolumesscriptsPBG-Mac-Pro:~pbg$pwd/Users/pbgPBG-Mac-Pro:~pbgsping192.168.1.1PING 192.168.1.1(192.168.1.1):56data bytes64bytesfrom192.168.1.1:icmp_seq-0ttl-64time-2.257ms64 bytesfrom 192.168.1.1:icmp_seq-1ttl-64 time-1.262msAC-192.168.1.1pingstatistics-.2 packets transmitted, 2packets received, 0.0% packet lossround-tripmin/avg/max/stddev=1.262/1.760/2.257/0.498msPBG-Mac-Pro:~pbgs16
16 Bourne Shell Command Interpreter
User Operating System Interface-CLIMain function of CLl-Get and execute the next user-specified command- Many commands manipulate filesTwowaysofimplementing commands- The command interpreter itself contains the code· Jump to a section of its code & make appropriate system call·NumberofcommandsdeterminesthesizeofCLi-Implementscommandsthroughsystemprogram (UNix).CLIdoesnot understandthe command.Usethecommandtoidentifyafiletobeloaded intomemoryandexecuted. Exp: rm file.txt (search for file rm, load into memory and exe w/ file.txt).Addnewcommandseasily17
17 User Operating System Interface - CLI • Main function of CLI – Get and execute the next user-specified command – Many commands manipulate files • Two ways of implementing commands – The command interpreter itself contains the code • Jump to a section of its code & make appropriate system call • Number of commands determines the size of CLI – Implements commands through system program (UNIX) • CLI does not understand the command • Use the command to identify a file to be loaded into memory and executed • Exp: rm file.txt (search for file rm, load into memory and exe w/ file.txt) • Add new commands easily
UserOperatingSystem Interface-GUlUser-friendlygraphical user interface Mouse-based window-and-menu system (desktop metaphor)Iconsrepresentfiles,programs,actions,etc Various mouse buttons over objects in the interface cause variousactions (provide information, options, execute function, opendirectory (knownas afolder)-Invented atXeroxPARCinearly1970sMany systems now include both CLI and GUI interfaces-Microsoft Windowsis GUl with CLI“command"shell-AppleMac OS Xis“Aqua"GUlinterface with UNIX kernel Unix and Linux have CLI with optional GUI interfaces (CDE, KDE,GNOME)18
18 User Operating System Interface - GUI • User-friendly graphical user interface – Mouse-based window-and-menu system (desktop metaphor) – Icons represent files, programs, actions, etc – Various mouse buttons over objects in the interface cause various actions (provide information, options, execute function, open directory (known as a folder) – Invented at Xerox PARC in early 1970s • Many systems now include both CLI and GUI interfaces – Microsoft Windows is GUI with CLI “command” shell – Apple Mac OS X is “Aqua” GUI interface with UNIX kernel – Unix and Linux have CLI with optional GUI interfaces (CDE, KDE, GNOME)
TouchscreenInterfacesTouchscreen devicesrequire new interfaces-Mousenotpossibleornotdesired2H君-Actionsandselectionbasedongestures8okindV-Virtualkeyboard fortext entryS-Voicecommands开19
19 Touchscreen Interfaces • Touchscreen devices require new interfaces – Mouse not possible or not desired – Actions and selection based on gestures – Virtual keyboard for text entry – Voice commands
Choices of InterfacesPersonalpreference CLl: more efficient, easier for repetitive tasks- System administrator-Power users who have deep knowledge of a system- Shell scripts GUl: user-friendly The design and implementation of user interface isnot a direct function of the Os20
Choices of Interfaces • Personal preference • CLI: more efficient, easier for repetitive tasks – System administrator – Power users who have deep knowledge of a system – Shell scripts • GUI: user-friendly • The design and implementation of user interface is not a direct function of the OS 20