Glycolysis O2 is not required during glycolysis
Glycolysis ➢ Glyco = “sugar”; Lysis = “splitting”. ➢ Glucose (6C sugar) broken down into 2 pyruvate (3 C) molecules. ➢ Carried out by all living cells. ➢ O2 is not required during glycolysis. ➢ 2 ATP and 2 NADH produced = energy harvested from glycolysis. ➢ 2 Pyruvate molecules produced
Glycolysis ➢ Occurs in the cytoplasm. ➢ Turns the fuel into pyruvate. • This is transported to the mitochondria and converted into acetyl CoA (a 2- carbon molecule). ➢ Also produces a little ATP
Fermentation
Fermentation When O2 is limiting, Fermentation of pyruvate to form ethanol or lactic acid ➢ ethanol fermentation（decarboxylase，yeast） ❖ CH3COCOOH CO2 + CH3CHO ❖ CH3CHO+ 2NADH + 2H+ CH3CH2OH + 2NAD+ ➢ lactic acid fermentation（dehydrogenase，lactobacillus） ❖ CH3COCOOH +NADH + 2H+ CH3CHOHCOOH + NAD+
T CA cycle (dicarboxy C aC (Citric acid cycle KRebs cycle) 于9b5,小obPr19 们9Cc9jn954
TCA cycle (Tricarboxylic acid cycle) (Citric acid cycle) (Krebs cycle) Hans Krebs, Nobel Prize in medicine in 1954
COASH 三NADH CHa CO? 内酮酸 TCA cycle 丙酮酸脱氢酶 CH3--C-S--CoA 乙酰CoA OASH H2O NAD+ 苹果酸酮 Coo Coo- NADH 柠探酸￥ NAD KNADH Coo 草酰乙酸 乌头酸 HO- CH 苹果酸脱氢酶 柠檬酸 H2o coo- Coo 苹果酸 HCOH 延胡索酸酬 Coo 柠檬酸循环 HO cHa Ho Coo coo- 异柠檬酸 CH 异柠檬酸脱氢酬 Coo NADH 延胡索 CO2 coo- FADH2S FAD 琥珀酸脱氢酶 CH CooT CFAD ATP(ADP+( SCOA COASH CH? COASH NAD CooT CH 琥珀酸 CATP(ADP Coo- NADH 琥珀酰CoA 画度」
TCA cycle