M&S Functional Requirements ackward compatibility Business model considerations Composability Multi-resolution modeling nitial discussions Simulation support services Business Model 1 Business Model 2 Minimal architecture in Commercial models in partnership with open-source Royalty-free enabler nning ski for a fee and give up ngt a Proprietary softwar hey like on this and sell i - Someone needs to put together the simulations Even t al the parts despite intermittent Success of the overall endeavor is key to business success DoD Business Model I Commercial technology is crucial We can,'t do it alone Workshop Conclusions ed technology requirements harmful outdated technolo sper Slipstreaming standards and industry "best practices
5 XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 25 M&S Functional Requirements Backward compatibility Authoritative representations Composability Multi-resolution modeling Tactical system integration Simulation support services n Time management n Logging and playback Business model considerations Initial discussions XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 27 Business Model 1 Minimal architecture includes open-source implementation n Royalty-free enabler, usable without any fee restrictions whatsoever Important to have two or more interoperable implementations n Commercial implementations profitably augment open source Long-term stable infrastructure enables sustainable business models n Flexible architecture broadens market: not “just” military simulation, also full World Wide Web via open/secure Internets n Web-enabled architecture allows more sponsors to participate, which allows simulations, models, and applications to survive despite intermittent funding profiles n Transferable career-building skills and reusable experience for programmers and managers XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 28 Business Model 2 Commercial models in partnership with open-source n Support w Offer programming skill for a fee and give up rights to the source if it is infrastructure related. n Proprietary software w A vendor may write a simulator that runs on top of the free infrastructure. They can use any license they like on this and sell it as they see fit. n Consulting w Someone needs to put together the simulations. Even if all the parts are free, this is a salable service. n Maintenance w Numerous success stories exist. Success of the overall endeavor is key to business success. XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 29 DoD Business Model Commercial technology is crucial nWe can’t do it alone Specialized technology requirements harmful n Translate into always spending too much for unique, outdated technology Nothing succeeds like success n Slipstreaming standards and industry “best practices” makes best sense for industry partners too Workshop Conclusions
Observations Conclusions,2 i signet hip acros ent areas will Web technologies for networked modeling .Web Technologies /XML Ne simulation appears to be feasible Benefit from b ical insights Interrelated goals and concems Lots of different ideas about how to execute XMSF concept must continue to be refined from a recommendations, practices, and applications Conclusions.4 Conclusions Need exemplar applications identified, initiated Security concems are cross-cutting for all area or unforeseen vutherabiroughout design process must be addressed thro ately equal number of Web-related technical challenges solutions presented Likely feasible but recuring thro.t ifedycle cusing future wa/m /are promising area for Web Services app Additional group-specific topics follow Web Group summary Many issues to consider, listed in/worksho Web/XML group report,group notes and individual point papers Don Brutzman moderator wa3c has done the heavy liting already, there are many languages and specifications which work well together today Web e all pability in an
6 XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 31 Observations Significant agreement, consensus on principles Web technologies for networked modeling & simulation appears to be feasible Lots of different ideas about how to execute n few (if any) contradictions XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 32 Conclusions 1, 2 Close working relationship across all three component areas will continue to be needed nWeb Technologies / XML, Networking, and M&S n Benefit from broad technical insights n Interrelated goals and concerns XMSF concept must continue to be refined from a high-level concept to definitive technical recommendations, practices, and applications XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 33 Conclusions 3, 4 Need exemplar applications identified, initiated n Collectively and clearly demonstrate the application potential of XMSF concepts n A number of existing and emerging programs were discussed as possible contexts for the exemplars Web Services appear are promising area for focusing future work n synopsis to follow XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 34 Conclusions 5 Security concerns are cross-cutting for all areas, must be addressed throughout design process n or unforeseen vulnerabilities occur n Approximately equal number of Web-related technical challenges & solutions presented n Likely feasible but recurring throughout lifecycle n Independent of classical physical/military security Additional group-specific topics follow. Web/XML group Don Brutzman moderator XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 36 Web Group summary Many issues to consider, listed in workshop report, group notes and individual point papers W3C has done the heavy lifting already, there are many languages and specifications which work well together today Web Services architectures: promising approach to organize all this capability in an actionable way
Web Services Internet/networking group Mark Pullen moder tailed methods,parameters Web Services Description Language ML Messaging imple XML encoding/decoding Remote Procedure Calis, XML Proloc Service Transport Http. smTp. Ftp. Bee ansfer is independent af me EXtensible model and Simulation Fram XMSF Position XMSF Symposium spectrum of DoD meroperability of the support scalable eorge Mason tructive, virtual, and ork are as integrating legacy simulation frameworks Mark Pullen Precondition for Success Working Group Focus Leaders and workers from the three technical areas(Web, Internet, M&S)must work as a ated tea NETWORKING with effective(human) interfaces among all elements a we have that it does not work to"throw it over the wa solutions need to work 7
7 XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 37 Web Services HTTP, SMTP, FTP, BEEP Transfer is independent of messages Service Transport Move messages between apps XML-RPC, SOAP, XMLP Remote Procedure Calls, XML Protocol XML Messaging Simple XML encoding/decoding WSDL Web Services Description Language Services Description Detailed methods, parameters UDDI, LDAP Universal Description, Discovery Integration, Lightweight Directory Access Protocol Services Discovery Publish, search capabilities Administrative Exemplar: DoD XML Registry Repositories Where approved services reside Internet/networking group Mark Pullen moderator XMSF Symposium 9/6/2002 George Mason University, Fairfax Virginia Network Area Mark Pullen EXtensible Modeling and Simulation Framework XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 40 XMSF Position Web-based technologies have the capability to support scalable interoperability of the spectrum of DoD models and simulations including constructive, virtual, and live as well as integrating legacy simulation frameworks and the increasingly important distancelearning technologies. XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 41 Precondition for Success Leaders and workers from the three major technical areas (Web, Internet, M&S) must work as a coordinated team n with effective (human) interfaces among all elements n we have learned that it does not work to “throw it over the wall” ! n solutions need to work end-to-end XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 42 Working Group Focus WEB/XML Data Representation Service Description Graphical User Interface Description State Transition Description Security Paradigm Transactions Ontologies Repositories Search Engines NETWORKING End-to-end QoS Many-to-many Multicast Streaming Multimedia Network Monitoring Negotiation of QoS Object Request Broker Group Coordination Middleware Session Coordination Middleware MODELING & SIMULATION Backward Compatibility Authoritative Representations Composability Multi-resolution modeling Tactical System Integration Simulation Support Services
Web Techi Networking WG I Requires aggressive reliance on gor Scott Bradner, Harvard&IESG technologies and actiye engagem Dr Suleyman Guleyupoglu, NRL I so.Wac正 EE Jand Web3 Dr. Sue Numrich, DMSO Adaptive,cross-platform capabilities will be a Dr. Marcelo Zuffo, U. of Sao Paulo, Brazi Dr Steve Carson, GSC Associates NOTE: We had good agreemet on al ises, possibly Network Qos ts a s ed or neg Networking WG standard for. Working assumptions The simulation will hot be confined to individual capacity, latency, jitter, loss in.- vidual ISE a also in actve path se to defini Must be able to un over the public intemet needs of a we the benefits of XMSF to e.g. does the application need to enjoy the Scalability and resilience are es arly work project Network QoS continued M&s must characterize network requirement must define @cceptable terized fotm.en reliability nts are not met and latency in a param this implies they must be measured and global do Intermet-wide Qos negotiation take advantage lf changing network capacity ot to authentcation, d f service protec
8 XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 43 Web Technologies / XML Requires aggressive reliance on commercial technologies and active engagement with their standards development groups such as IETF, ISO, W3C, IEEE, and Web3D. Adaptive, cross-platform capabilities will be a given XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 44 Networking WG Scott Bradner, Harvard & IESG Dr. Suleyman Guleyupoglu, NRL Dr. Sue Numrich, DMSO Dr. Norbert Schiffner, Fraunhofer CFCG Dr. Marcelo Zuffo, U. of Sao Paulo, Brazil Dr. Steve Carson, GSC Associates NOTE: We had good agreement on all issues, possibly because the technologies we considered are more mature. XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 45 Networking WG Working assumptions: n The simulation will not be confined to individual networks w either private networks individual ISPs n Application should not be media-aware n Must be able to run over the public Internet w without this, can’t achieve the benefits of XMSF to commercial industry n then defense can’t enjoy them either! n Scalability and resilience are essential in XMSF XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 46 Network QoS: meets a specified or negotiated standard for: n capacity, latency, jitter, loss in a statistical sense w can be done today in general terms within individual ISP networks w also Internet-wide by proactive path selection n a workable approach to defining consistency needs of applications * w e.g. does the application need to know order of sending w this requires translation from application requirements to network capabilities * early work project XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 47 Network QoS continued n must define acceptable tradeoff between reliability and latency in a parameterized form * n if a negotiated solution, mechanism(s) for negotiation needed w could be different for global and local negotiation w we don’t know how to do Internet-wide QoS negotiation XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 48 M&S must characterize network requirements n and the impact if the requirements are not met n this implies they must be measured and understood * n cannot assume any-to-any communication w firewalls and network address translation (NAT) get in the way n application or middleware should be able to adapt to take advantage of changing network capacity * w implies higher layer must be aware of available capacity n must define security requirements: w authentication, denial of service protection, confidentiality, auditing, integrity
Thoughts from networking Many-to-many multicast In general the simulation network could be capability-no overlay network requirements of M&S ly reliable/real-fifme multicas Need a capability for end-to-end network status s it will be support M&S this also can be pone in an overlay network networked group communicatio non-multicast andardize on over network layer Missing/problematic critical middleware Implementation Questions NTP and/or GPs will real-tim ed to network time for XMSF s authentication/a and can be used to weateieve that Grid and Cluster style network computing will accommodate XMSF without modifications A ry ust be adequately funded for operation What We Believe is Available What We Believe is(Achievable s and multicast provided on P private-network Dos on a multi-network basis (not Internet W the problem is the business case, not the technology Multicast through overlay networks latency under 100 ms one-way in North amenica . VPN ing application-tra nt multicast Enhanced perfo for digital ibi through caching by Good global synchronization via NTP/GPS apply to dynamic d changed by simulations Reliable multicast for bulk data transfer
9 XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 49 Many-to-many multicast n trend is away from providing this as a network layer capability - no good business model w one-to-many may become available n must define requirements for reliability * w e.g. selectively reliable/real-time, fully reliable/non-real-time w it is impossible to have fully reliable/real-time multicast n identifying and responding to congestion is a requirement n it will be necessary to support M&S needs for networked group communication over non-multicast network layer * XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 50 Thoughts from networking community In general the simulation network could be an overlay network * n for example, virtual private network (VPN) n allows an ISP or the Internet to meet specialized requirements of M&S Need a capability for end-to-end network status & performance monitoring * n this also can be done in an overlay network Standardize on over-the-net protocols n riding over standard Internet protocols n proven basis for enabling interoperability XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 51 Missing/problematic critical middleware n real-time object request broker n authentication/authorization services n real-time directory services n group coordination/synchronization n session coordination likely is not a problem w Session Initiation Protocol does signaling w automated setup/teardown still needs attention XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 52 Implementation Questions NTP and/or GPS will be needed to provide synchronized network time for XMSF n GPS is more accurate and can be used to synchronize a local NTP master We believe that Grid and Cluster style network computing will accommodate XMSF without modifications n as long as network capacity is sufficient A dedicated and monitorable test environment would accelerate development of an XMSF community n use Next Generation Internet networks (Abilene, DREN, etc.) n must be adequately funded for operation XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 53 What We Believe is Available QoS and multicast can be provided on a private-network basis (probably in NGI) Performance available off-the-shelf: n individual flows to ~100 Mbps n latency under 100 ms one-way in North America n jitter manageable by buffering, increases latency ~10% n packet loss <1% High performance end-to-end with instant startup is practical as long as reliable delivery is not needed n TCP does not scale well to wide-area flows above 100 Mbps Good global synchronization via NTP/GPS n secure NTP may be required in some cases XMSF Strategic Opportunities Symposium 6 September 2002 54 What We Believe is Achievable QoS on a multi-network basis (not Internet wide) n the problem is the business case, not the technology Multicast through overlay networks n VPN n middleware providing application-transparent multicast Enhanced performance for digital libraries through caching n individual flows ~1 Gbps by localizing access n does not apply to dynamic data exchanged by simulations Reliable multicast for bulk data transfer