The Beginning of Feudal System Norman conquest brought great changes in England,it also marked the beginning of feudal system in England. The division of society became remarkable, people in England began to fall into classes of serfs,freemen,nobles,clergy and rulers.The king was at the top. The Roman Christianity continued to be the dominant religion,Roman Pope was the overlord
The Beginning of Feudal System ◼Norman conquest brought great changes in England, it also marked the beginning of feudal system in England. ◼The division of society became remarkable, people in England began to fall into classes of serfs, freemen, nobles, clergy and rulers. The king was at the top. ◼The Roman Christianity continued to be the dominant religion, Roman Pope was the overlord
Henry II and the Common Law ☐By the year1154,HenryⅡ(1154-1189)，William's grandson,inherited the throne and started the rule of the House of Anjou in England,known as the House of Plantagenet.The central government continued to be strengthened. The development of legal system owed a lot to Henry II,for he introduced the system of trial by jury to replace the old system of trial by ordeal, hence the common law system which laid the foundation for the legal system in Britain and the United States later
Henry II and the Common Law ◼By the year 1154, Henry II (1154-1189), William’s grandson, inherited the throne and started the rule of the House of Anjou in England, known as the House of Plantagenet. The central government continued to be strengthened. ◼The development of legal system owed a lot to Henry II, for he introduced the system of trial by jury to replace the old system of trial by ordeal, hence the common law system which laid the foundation for the legal system in Britain and the United States later
The Great Charter Since the 13th century,the power of the monarch has been reduced.As King John (1199-1216) often violated the common law and imposed heavy taxes,in June 1215,he was forced by the furious barons at Runnymede to sign the Magna Carta,a document granting English political and civil liberties. It limited royal rights but offered the barons greater power.The charter is the basis of the British Constitution today
The Great Charter ◼Since the 13th century, the power of the monarch has been reduced. As King John (1199-1216) often violated the common law and imposed heavy taxes, in June 1215, he was forced by the furious barons at Runnymede to sign the Magna Carta, a document granting English political and civil liberties. ◼It limited royal rights but offered the barons greater power. The charter is the basis of the British Constitution today
●Cultural Notes: ◆Magna Carta:大宪章，1215年6月英国国王约 翰在拉尼米德被迫签署的保障公民（主要 是贵族)的政治和人身自由权的宪章
⚫Cultural Notes: ⚫Magna Carta: 大宪章, 1215年6月英国国王约 翰在拉尼米德被迫签署的保障公民（主要 是贵族）的政治和人身自由权的宪章
The Beginning of the Parliament ☐During the reign of Henry IⅢ(1216-1272)，the Great Council,the assembly of barons was intensified.In 1258,Henry III was also forced by the barons to have a regular meeting with them. The regular meeting was called Parliament Moreover,the king had to meet with the representatives from the counties to raise taxes. The barons formed the House of Lords,and the common people from the counties comprised the House of Commons
The Beginning of the Parliament ◼During the reign of Henry III (1216-1272), the Great Council, the assembly of barons was intensified. In 1258, Henry III was also forced by the barons to have a regular meeting with them. ◼The regular meeting was called Parliament. Moreover, the king had to meet with the representatives from the counties to raise taxes. The barons formed the House of Lords, and the common people from the counties comprised the House of Commons