酶 Enzyme 酶是一类特殊的蛋白质(核酶 ribozyme除外),它可降低化学反应所 需的活化能( energy of activation),因此它是一种催化剂( catalyst Energy of activation: uncatalyzed reaction Energy of activation catalyzed reaction Initial stat Overa energy change of reaction Final state Progress of reaction
酶 Enzyme 酶是一类特殊的蛋白质 酶是一类特殊的蛋白质 (核酶 ribozyme ribozyme除外 )，它可降低化学反应所 ，它可降低化学反应所 需的活化能 (energy of activation energy of activation), 因此它是一种催化剂 因此它是一种催化剂 （catalyst catalyst ）
H. H ATP synthase ATP合成酶 H nH H ATP synthase Inner ATP合成酶(又称F1F0ATP酶)是 种含有至少9条多肽链的复合体 Matrix ADP+卫i ●头部——构成头部的成分 Elem entary ATP Particle 为F因子,为水溶性球蛋 (FI particle 白组成。它的主要功能是调节 RHAT ATP酶的活力。 H synthase ●膜部——构成膜部的成分为Fo因 子,由嵌入线粒体内膜的蔬水蛋 白组成。它对质子的进出内膜有 调控作用 柄部 ADP十
ATP合成酶 ATP synthase ATP合成酶 (又称 F1-F0 ATP酶）是 一种含有至少9条多肽链的复合体 z 头部——构成头部的成分 为F1因子，为水溶性球蛋 白组成。它的主要功能是调节 ATP酶的活力。 z 膜部——构成膜部的成分为F0因 子，由嵌入线粒体内膜的蔬水蛋 白组成。它对质子的进出内膜有 调控作用。 z 柄部
糖酵解G/co/ysis 糖酵解,亦称为EMP途径(为纪念德国三位生物化学家:G Embden,O. Meyerhof和J.K. Parnas而命名)——指淀粉、葡萄 糖或其它6碳糖类在无氧状态下分解成丙酮酸 pyruvate的过程。 矿糖酵解是在细胞质进行的! Glycolysis(cytopl as m) Glucose ATP ADP PGAL P GAL AOP ADP ATP ATP Pynuw ate Pyruvate
糖酵解 Glycolysis 糖酵解，亦称为EMP途径（为纪念德国三位生物化学家：G. Embden, O. Meyerhof 和J. K. Parnas而命名）——指淀粉、葡萄 糖或其它 6 碳糖类在无氧状态下分解成丙酮酸 pyruvate的过程。 ) 糖酵解是在细胞质进行的！
● Glycolysis o Means splitting of sugar o 6-c glucose split into two 3-C molecules o Some trucks(NADH) loaded o Produces 4 atP molecules . Two are used to start glycolysis ● Net profit of2ATPs ● n cytoplasm Anaerobic o End up with 2 pyruvic acid molecules o Which still contain most of the potential energy contained in glucose o Two stages-like a business o Have to invest to see a profit
z Glycolysis Glycolysis z Means splitting of sugar Means splitting of sugar z 6-C glucose split into two 3 C glucose split into two 3-C molecules C molecules z Some ‘trucks’ (NADH) loaded (NADH) loaded z Produces 4 ATP molecules Produces 4 ATP molecules z Two are used to start Two are used to start glycolysis glycolysis z Net profit of 2 Net profit of 2 ATPs z In cytoplasm In cytoplasm z Anaerobic Anaerobic z End up with 2 End up with 2 pyruvic pyruvic acid molecules acid molecules z Which still contain most of the potential energy Which still contain most of the potential energy contained in glucose contained in glucose z Two stages Two stages - like a business like a business z Have to invest to see a profit Have to invest to see a profit
Glycolysis 2 ADP EaT NAD ATP 2 ADP 2 Pyruvic acid Glucose NAD+ 2 ADP 22A1 NADH 八 Energy investment phase Energy harvest phase opyright o 2001 by Benjamin Cummings, an imprint of Addison Wesley
Glycolysis